High resolution spectral self-interference fluorescence microscopy
... about 200 nm in the focal plane. In the direction perpendicular to the focal plane, the resolution is worse, about 600 nm. There is an impressive body of work under way where the optical resolution is constantly incrementally improved. The greater resolution originates from several general approache ...
... about 200 nm in the focal plane. In the direction perpendicular to the focal plane, the resolution is worse, about 600 nm. There is an impressive body of work under way where the optical resolution is constantly incrementally improved. The greater resolution originates from several general approache ...
Abstract - Institute of Sound and Vibration Research
... The first electrochemical measurement of the growth of a bubble through rectified diffusion is demonstrated. The technique employed relies on the sensitivity of a scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) deployed close to the gas/liquid interface of a bubble. The growth rate of the bubble (radius ...
... The first electrochemical measurement of the growth of a bubble through rectified diffusion is demonstrated. The technique employed relies on the sensitivity of a scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) deployed close to the gas/liquid interface of a bubble. The growth rate of the bubble (radius ...
Efficiency Measurements On Thin Film Solar Cells With Different
... base) substrate structuring has been shown to increase efficiency compared to cells with a flat surface [1]. Because of these pyramidal structures, the incoming light rays hit the surface at an angle and are refracted, as a result the light rays travel through the active layer at an angle. This incr ...
... base) substrate structuring has been shown to increase efficiency compared to cells with a flat surface [1]. Because of these pyramidal structures, the incoming light rays hit the surface at an angle and are refracted, as a result the light rays travel through the active layer at an angle. This incr ...
Imaging transport: optical measurements of
... Imaging charge carrier motion in semiconductors allows localized spatial variation to be examined. The technique used in this analysis, charge transport imaging, was introduced in 2003 and combines the spatial resolution of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the optical imaging provided by a ...
... Imaging charge carrier motion in semiconductors allows localized spatial variation to be examined. The technique used in this analysis, charge transport imaging, was introduced in 2003 and combines the spatial resolution of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the optical imaging provided by a ...
Plasmonic Nearfield Scanning Probe with High Transmission
... and also enhancement near the apexes of plasmonic NSOM probes. An AFM scanner (Bioscope, Digital Instrument) was used to scan our modified NSOM tip in close proximity to the sample surface. During the lithography, a laser beam at the wavelength of 365 nm (Spectra Physics) was coupled into the NSOM t ...
... and also enhancement near the apexes of plasmonic NSOM probes. An AFM scanner (Bioscope, Digital Instrument) was used to scan our modified NSOM tip in close proximity to the sample surface. During the lithography, a laser beam at the wavelength of 365 nm (Spectra Physics) was coupled into the NSOM t ...
Electrical Excitation of Surface Plasmons
... me is a factor 2me c2 =@! 500 greater than that of a visible photon of the same energy. This implies that the interaction between electrons and photons is weak for @! me c2 , since energy and momentum cannot be simultaneously conserved. One way to bridge this mismatch is to employ polariton mode ...
... me is a factor 2me c2 =@! 500 greater than that of a visible photon of the same energy. This implies that the interaction between electrons and photons is weak for @! me c2 , since energy and momentum cannot be simultaneously conserved. One way to bridge this mismatch is to employ polariton mode ...
Summary of the Invention. The aim of scanning jet
... At exit of nanojet from the nozzle the surface tension and possibly together with radial force due to recoil momentums of photons, reradiated by molecules, create spatially steady jet. The time control of jet can be performed by changing duration of a laser pulse. The natural gate executes a capilla ...
... At exit of nanojet from the nozzle the surface tension and possibly together with radial force due to recoil momentums of photons, reradiated by molecules, create spatially steady jet. The time control of jet can be performed by changing duration of a laser pulse. The natural gate executes a capilla ...
The Liquid–Liquid Interface as a Medium To Generate
... such as environmental chemistry, cell biology, and catalysis. The interface between two immiscible liquids offers an important alternative path for the self-assembly and chemical manipulation of nanocrystals.11 Nanoparticles are highly mobile at the interface and rapidly achieve an equilibrium assem ...
... such as environmental chemistry, cell biology, and catalysis. The interface between two immiscible liquids offers an important alternative path for the self-assembly and chemical manipulation of nanocrystals.11 Nanoparticles are highly mobile at the interface and rapidly achieve an equilibrium assem ...
Electron Beam Lithography
... This advanced laboratory exercise is an introduction to operation of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and to Electron Beam Lithography (EBL). In its conventional use as a microscope SEM has many advantages to optical microscopes and has many important applications in different fields. Generally wo ...
... This advanced laboratory exercise is an introduction to operation of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and to Electron Beam Lithography (EBL). In its conventional use as a microscope SEM has many advantages to optical microscopes and has many important applications in different fields. Generally wo ...
New Developments in Transmission Electron Microscopy for
... the shape of nanoparticles[8±10] and structures of nanotubes.[6] In recent years, a number of new and novel developments have been made in HRTEM for nanotechnology, such as insitu microscopy for observing dynamic processes at nanoscale, nanomeasurement techniques that directly correlate physical pro ...
... the shape of nanoparticles[8±10] and structures of nanotubes.[6] In recent years, a number of new and novel developments have been made in HRTEM for nanotechnology, such as insitu microscopy for observing dynamic processes at nanoscale, nanomeasurement techniques that directly correlate physical pro ...
Impact of Liquid Crystals in Active and Adaptive Optics
... shown the possibility of increasing the switching speed of LC valves by at least one order of magnitude with the use of biaxial LCs. This increase is obtained by rotating the LC along the molecules’ small axes instead of the longest ones [24,27]. Nonlinear optics has also benefited from liquid cryst ...
... shown the possibility of increasing the switching speed of LC valves by at least one order of magnitude with the use of biaxial LCs. This increase is obtained by rotating the LC along the molecules’ small axes instead of the longest ones [24,27]. Nonlinear optics has also benefited from liquid cryst ...
Etching of Niobium Sample Placed on Superconducting Radio
... similar order as iris to iris distance of the cavity. The plasma parameters at different pressure and power levels in combination with the analysis of the niobium sample etched will be used to determine the adequate frequency regime for plasma etching of Nb cavities. ...
... similar order as iris to iris distance of the cavity. The plasma parameters at different pressure and power levels in combination with the analysis of the niobium sample etched will be used to determine the adequate frequency regime for plasma etching of Nb cavities. ...
Direct Characterization of Plasmonic Slot Waveguides and
... experimental fabrication and characterization together with the 2BA and 2DA cases that promise, respectively, 15- and 26-fold improvements in the effective area Aeff at the wavelength 1.55 µm (Table I). The nanocouplers were fabricated using standard electron-beam (e-beam) lithography followed by me ...
... experimental fabrication and characterization together with the 2BA and 2DA cases that promise, respectively, 15- and 26-fold improvements in the effective area Aeff at the wavelength 1.55 µm (Table I). The nanocouplers were fabricated using standard electron-beam (e-beam) lithography followed by me ...
Tuning Dynamic Range and Sensitivity of White
... regions of the detector. Sensitivity, measured in wavelength shift per RI change, can be increased by a factor of 4. Also, multiple-wavelength regions of SPR activity can simultaneously be observed on the same probe, thus increasing the information content of a SPR spectrum. Surface plasmon resonanc ...
... regions of the detector. Sensitivity, measured in wavelength shift per RI change, can be increased by a factor of 4. Also, multiple-wavelength regions of SPR activity can simultaneously be observed on the same probe, thus increasing the information content of a SPR spectrum. Surface plasmon resonanc ...
electrochemistry
... where the total battery potential is equal to the sum of the potentials of the individual cells. There are three types of batteries – primary batteries, secondary batteries, and the fuel cell. Primary batteries are not re-chargeable, where as secondary batteries are re-chargeable. Fuel cell will las ...
... where the total battery potential is equal to the sum of the potentials of the individual cells. There are three types of batteries – primary batteries, secondary batteries, and the fuel cell. Primary batteries are not re-chargeable, where as secondary batteries are re-chargeable. Fuel cell will las ...
Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering in Noble
... single-electron levels [17]. Landau damping of SP by Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been single-particle excitations, accompanied by momentum one of the highlights of optical spectroscopy in metal transfer to the surface, results in a broadening of SP resnanostructures during past 25 y ...
... single-electron levels [17]. Landau damping of SP by Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been single-particle excitations, accompanied by momentum one of the highlights of optical spectroscopy in metal transfer to the surface, results in a broadening of SP resnanostructures during past 25 y ...
Numerical modelling of LCD electro
... Light propagation in layered anisotropic absorbing media is evaluated with the methods that are based on Maxwell’s equations (Berreman 4×4-matrix approach). This approach can be simplified to yield methods with reduced computing time and sufficient accuracy for many problems (e.g. extended Jones 2×2 ...
... Light propagation in layered anisotropic absorbing media is evaluated with the methods that are based on Maxwell’s equations (Berreman 4×4-matrix approach). This approach can be simplified to yield methods with reduced computing time and sufficient accuracy for many problems (e.g. extended Jones 2×2 ...
Modeling the Rate of Heterogeneous Reactions
... technical systems. Eventually, a local chemical source term, Rihet, is needed that provides the specific net rate of the production of species i due to heterogeneous chemical reactions at a certain macroscopic position of a catalytic surface in the technical reactor. This source term as function of ...
... technical systems. Eventually, a local chemical source term, Rihet, is needed that provides the specific net rate of the production of species i due to heterogeneous chemical reactions at a certain macroscopic position of a catalytic surface in the technical reactor. This source term as function of ...
Chapter 1: Aqueous Processing Systems
... One advantage of the established situation is that the student is exposed to aqueous processing in context, i.e., there can be immediate connection with the student's chosen field. Unfortunately, however, this approach to technical education is not without some disadvantages. First of all, many aqu ...
... One advantage of the established situation is that the student is exposed to aqueous processing in context, i.e., there can be immediate connection with the student's chosen field. Unfortunately, however, this approach to technical education is not without some disadvantages. First of all, many aqu ...
Factors Toward The Development Of A Robust Surface Plasmon
... revolutionized, notable among them photonics. Plasmonics is one of the very promising branches of photonics, which deals with the study and application of surface plasmons[1][2][3].At the metal-dielectric interface, surface plasmon waves are generated at optical wavelengths. The discovery of surface ...
... revolutionized, notable among them photonics. Plasmonics is one of the very promising branches of photonics, which deals with the study and application of surface plasmons[1][2][3].At the metal-dielectric interface, surface plasmon waves are generated at optical wavelengths. The discovery of surface ...
One-Pot Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose and of Woody
... The reaction time required for solubilization of the biomass solid was probed in a series of experiments where mixtures of pine sawdust (100 mg), Cu20-PMO (100 mg), and MeOH (3.0 mL) were heated at 320 °C in minireactors for the various time intervals: 0.17, 0.33, 0.5, 1.0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h. ...
... The reaction time required for solubilization of the biomass solid was probed in a series of experiments where mixtures of pine sawdust (100 mg), Cu20-PMO (100 mg), and MeOH (3.0 mL) were heated at 320 °C in minireactors for the various time intervals: 0.17, 0.33, 0.5, 1.0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h. ...
development of SPR sensors
... refractive index at the prism side is not changing, the refractive index in the immediate vicinity of the metal surface will change when accumulated mass adsorb on it. Hence the surface plasmon resonance conditions are changing and the shift of the angle is suited to provide information on the kinet ...
... refractive index at the prism side is not changing, the refractive index in the immediate vicinity of the metal surface will change when accumulated mass adsorb on it. Hence the surface plasmon resonance conditions are changing and the shift of the angle is suited to provide information on the kinet ...
Document
... space. And say this is the hydroxyl group – every once in a while, every once in a while, bang – it hits the carboxyl group and splits off a molecule of water to create the cyclic ester. The rate constant here is about 10-6. Very slow because it is just wandering around. Let’s then put some methyl ...
... space. And say this is the hydroxyl group – every once in a while, every once in a while, bang – it hits the carboxyl group and splits off a molecule of water to create the cyclic ester. The rate constant here is about 10-6. Very slow because it is just wandering around. Let’s then put some methyl ...
Optically induced forces in scanning probe microscopy
... of the light, with components (kx, ky, kz). It is assumed here that kx, ky are parallel to the surface of the sample, while kz is perpendicular to it. Thus the action of propagating information about an object to a detector in the far-field causes the attainable resolution to be limited to the order ...
... of the light, with components (kx, ky, kz). It is assumed here that kx, ky are parallel to the surface of the sample, while kz is perpendicular to it. Thus the action of propagating information about an object to a detector in the far-field causes the attainable resolution to be limited to the order ...
Integrated Chemical Systems
... particular process is of current interest. For example, the photogeneration of hydrogen on a ptype semiconductor electrode (e.g., GaAs and Si) is enhanced by the addition to its surface of a viologen-bearing polymer layer containing finely divided Pt and the photogeneration of oxygen or chlorine on ...
... particular process is of current interest. For example, the photogeneration of hydrogen on a ptype semiconductor electrode (e.g., GaAs and Si) is enhanced by the addition to its surface of a viologen-bearing polymer layer containing finely divided Pt and the photogeneration of oxygen or chlorine on ...