13_ID
... Proposed Speaker: John S Gill MD, University of British Columbia Goals and Objectives: BK polyoma virus (BKPyV)is a well-recognized cause of tubulointerstitial nephritis and progressive chronic kidney disease in kidney transplant recipients. Despite advances in screening and detection of BKPyV infec ...
... Proposed Speaker: John S Gill MD, University of British Columbia Goals and Objectives: BK polyoma virus (BKPyV)is a well-recognized cause of tubulointerstitial nephritis and progressive chronic kidney disease in kidney transplant recipients. Despite advances in screening and detection of BKPyV infec ...
Chapter 7 Body Systems
... Hepatitis B is a very serious disease that may result in prolonged illness, liver cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, liver failure, and even death. It is a bloodborne disease that may also be transmitted by other body fluids, including saliva. Anyone who has ever had the disease, and some persons who h ...
... Hepatitis B is a very serious disease that may result in prolonged illness, liver cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, liver failure, and even death. It is a bloodborne disease that may also be transmitted by other body fluids, including saliva. Anyone who has ever had the disease, and some persons who h ...
CBT 621 - EMS Online
... • Caused by small bacteria that travels from the small airways to cells of lungs • Less than 10% of people infected with TB will develop active disease • In others, bacteria hides, causing no disease until host (patient) becomes immunocompromised or otherwise debilitated Copyright 2009 Seattle/King ...
... • Caused by small bacteria that travels from the small airways to cells of lungs • Less than 10% of people infected with TB will develop active disease • In others, bacteria hides, causing no disease until host (patient) becomes immunocompromised or otherwise debilitated Copyright 2009 Seattle/King ...
Document
... The largest and most complex viruses They contain a linear genome of a single double-stranded DNA They replicate in the cytoplasm of the host cell, therefore they must provide their own mRNA and DNA synthetic machinery (including DNA-dependent RNA polymerase) Inclucison bodies: type B and type ...
... The largest and most complex viruses They contain a linear genome of a single double-stranded DNA They replicate in the cytoplasm of the host cell, therefore they must provide their own mRNA and DNA synthetic machinery (including DNA-dependent RNA polymerase) Inclucison bodies: type B and type ...
A novel coronavirus capable of lethal human infections: an
... and BtCoV-HKU5 [3-5] first isolated in 2006 from bats captured in Hong Kong [6]. The major difference between NCoV and these bat coronaviruses is in the region between the spike and the envelop genes [5]. The NCoV has 5 ORFs while the bat viruses have 4 in this region [5]. The nearest human coronavi ...
... and BtCoV-HKU5 [3-5] first isolated in 2006 from bats captured in Hong Kong [6]. The major difference between NCoV and these bat coronaviruses is in the region between the spike and the envelop genes [5]. The NCoV has 5 ORFs while the bat viruses have 4 in this region [5]. The nearest human coronavi ...
objective - Mungo Foundation
... Pandemic flu can occur when a new influenza virus emerges which is markedly different from recently circulating strains and to which humans have little or no immunity and then spreads easily from person-to-person when an infected person talks, coughs or sneezes. It can also spread through hand/face ...
... Pandemic flu can occur when a new influenza virus emerges which is markedly different from recently circulating strains and to which humans have little or no immunity and then spreads easily from person-to-person when an infected person talks, coughs or sneezes. It can also spread through hand/face ...
Transmission routes of African swine fever virus
... contaminated sweet potatoes or bananas (Montgomery 1921). It has been reported that infection by ingestion of pig tissues contaminated with this strain required a high dose of virus (at least 105 HAD50/ml) to effectively infect pigs (Heuschele 1967). Other authors determined the intranasal median ID ...
... contaminated sweet potatoes or bananas (Montgomery 1921). It has been reported that infection by ingestion of pig tissues contaminated with this strain required a high dose of virus (at least 105 HAD50/ml) to effectively infect pigs (Heuschele 1967). Other authors determined the intranasal median ID ...
Comparison of a reverse transcription-polymerase chain
... assay (VI-IPA).To determine the specificity of the assay, samples from 60 spleens, 45 tonsils, ten submandibular lymph nodes, eight mesenteric lymph nodes and four kidneys, collected from pigs of various ages which had been slaughtered in abattoirs in Canada (a population free from CSFV), were teste ...
... assay (VI-IPA).To determine the specificity of the assay, samples from 60 spleens, 45 tonsils, ten submandibular lymph nodes, eight mesenteric lymph nodes and four kidneys, collected from pigs of various ages which had been slaughtered in abattoirs in Canada (a population free from CSFV), were teste ...
PATHOGENICITY OF CZECH ISOLATES OF INFECTIOUS BURSAL
... blood samples for haematological examination and necropsied. Spleens and bursae were weighed to calculate their relative weights and thymic, bursal and splenic samples were collected for microscopic examination. The last group of four chickens was tested only serologically on post-infection day 24. ...
... blood samples for haematological examination and necropsied. Spleens and bursae were weighed to calculate their relative weights and thymic, bursal and splenic samples were collected for microscopic examination. The last group of four chickens was tested only serologically on post-infection day 24. ...
Chapter 22
... ○ Humans inhale airborne spores from the soil ○ Prevalent in the eastern U.S. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention ○ Diagnosis based on fungus identification in ...
... ○ Humans inhale airborne spores from the soil ○ Prevalent in the eastern U.S. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention ○ Diagnosis based on fungus identification in ...
Lecture 9: Tuberculosis
... • More than one-fourth of the nearly 23,000 cases of TB reported in the United States in 1995 developed in people above age 65. • Many elderly patients developed the infection some years ago when the disease was more widespread. • Those living in nursing homes and similar facilities are in close con ...
... • More than one-fourth of the nearly 23,000 cases of TB reported in the United States in 1995 developed in people above age 65. • Many elderly patients developed the infection some years ago when the disease was more widespread. • Those living in nursing homes and similar facilities are in close con ...
Avian Flu - surryinfo.net
... kidney disease, or weakened immune system (including immune system problems caused by medicines or by infection with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV/AIDS]) Women who will be pregnant during the influenza season All children 6 to 23 months of age 2. People 50 to 64 years of age. Nearly one-third of ...
... kidney disease, or weakened immune system (including immune system problems caused by medicines or by infection with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV/AIDS]) Women who will be pregnant during the influenza season All children 6 to 23 months of age 2. People 50 to 64 years of age. Nearly one-third of ...
Immunisation It is vital that educators and other staff are up to date
... hepatitis A, because young children may not show any symptoms, but they can be infectious. Additional vaccinations are recommended for special categories of educators and other staff: Hepatitis B for educators and other staff who care for children with intellectual disabilities. Although the risk is ...
... hepatitis A, because young children may not show any symptoms, but they can be infectious. Additional vaccinations are recommended for special categories of educators and other staff: Hepatitis B for educators and other staff who care for children with intellectual disabilities. Although the risk is ...
PDF - Nexus Academic Publishers
... infraorbital sinuses (almond shaped eyes), and nasal discharge (Shan–Chia and Joseph, 2012). All ages of chickens are affected, but chickens older than 3 weeks are most susceptible to ILTV. It also affects pheasants, partridges and peafowl (OIE, 2008). ILT can infect turkeys at about 100 days of age ...
... infraorbital sinuses (almond shaped eyes), and nasal discharge (Shan–Chia and Joseph, 2012). All ages of chickens are affected, but chickens older than 3 weeks are most susceptible to ILTV. It also affects pheasants, partridges and peafowl (OIE, 2008). ILT can infect turkeys at about 100 days of age ...
Host–Symbiont Relationships: Understanding the Change from
... utilized, or both by pests. Other authors consider an infestation to refer to a population rather than to individuals. Still, others use the word “infestation” to suggest an action and the term “infection” to suggest a condition or a state. Microorganisms such as oral bacteria that live naturally in ...
... utilized, or both by pests. Other authors consider an infestation to refer to a population rather than to individuals. Still, others use the word “infestation” to suggest an action and the term “infection” to suggest a condition or a state. Microorganisms such as oral bacteria that live naturally in ...
Genomic and phylogenetic characterization of Brazilian yellow fever
... ellow fever (YF) is an infectious disease transmitted by Culicidae mosquitoes carrying yellow fever virus (YFV). This virus, the prototype species of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, has a positive-sense, single-strand genome, composed of approximately 11,000 nucleotides (nt), encoding 10 ...
... ellow fever (YF) is an infectious disease transmitted by Culicidae mosquitoes carrying yellow fever virus (YFV). This virus, the prototype species of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, has a positive-sense, single-strand genome, composed of approximately 11,000 nucleotides (nt), encoding 10 ...
Diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infection in the clinical laboratory
... testing to distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2 is always recommended. Although PCR has been the diagnostic standard method for HSV infections of the central nervous system, until now viral culture has been the test of choice for HSV genital infection. However, HSV PCR, with its consistently and substantial ...
... testing to distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2 is always recommended. Although PCR has been the diagnostic standard method for HSV infections of the central nervous system, until now viral culture has been the test of choice for HSV genital infection. However, HSV PCR, with its consistently and substantial ...
Immune homeostasis in the respiratory tract and its impact on
... after birth and remain in the same state throughout life. It would also possibly not make sense for innate immunity to return to the exact same state after resolution of a serious inflammatory event. Innate homeostasis may therefore be adaptable; altered by environmental influences, genetics, diet, st ...
... after birth and remain in the same state throughout life. It would also possibly not make sense for innate immunity to return to the exact same state after resolution of a serious inflammatory event. Innate homeostasis may therefore be adaptable; altered by environmental influences, genetics, diet, st ...
Detection of Measles Virus RNA in Air and Surface Specimens in a
... had minor coughing episodes on day 5, which intensified on days 6 and 7 after rash onset. MeV RNA was detected in aerosol samples on days 5 (420 MeV RNA copies/10-L respiratory volume/minute; 1 positive sample) and 7 (1517 MeV RNA copies/10-L respiratory volume/minute; 3 positive samples) after rash ...
... had minor coughing episodes on day 5, which intensified on days 6 and 7 after rash onset. MeV RNA was detected in aerosol samples on days 5 (420 MeV RNA copies/10-L respiratory volume/minute; 1 positive sample) and 7 (1517 MeV RNA copies/10-L respiratory volume/minute; 3 positive samples) after rash ...
Clinical Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple
... The differences between gram-positive and gramnegative organisms result in varied interactions with the environment. The gram-positive thickly meshed peptidoglycan layer does not block diffusion of low molecular weight compounds, so substances that damage the cytoplasmic membrane (such as antibiotic ...
... The differences between gram-positive and gramnegative organisms result in varied interactions with the environment. The gram-positive thickly meshed peptidoglycan layer does not block diffusion of low molecular weight compounds, so substances that damage the cytoplasmic membrane (such as antibiotic ...
INITIATION OF DIALYSIS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
... Europe Best Practices (2005): consider when GFR 810, definitely start when GFR < 6 ...
... Europe Best Practices (2005): consider when GFR 810, definitely start when GFR < 6 ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.