1. Precaution Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) is a rodent
... Humans become infected by inhaling infectious aerosolized particles of rodent urine, feces, or saliva; by ingesting food contaminated with virus; by contamination of mucous membranes with infected body fluids; o ...
... Humans become infected by inhaling infectious aerosolized particles of rodent urine, feces, or saliva; by ingesting food contaminated with virus; by contamination of mucous membranes with infected body fluids; o ...
AH LIVER & GALLBLADDER
... C, D, G – Transmitted by blood or bodily fluids, sexual contact or exposure to contaminated blood. ► D only occurs in association with B ► B,C,D – lead to chronic Hepatitis ...
... C, D, G – Transmitted by blood or bodily fluids, sexual contact or exposure to contaminated blood. ► D only occurs in association with B ► B,C,D – lead to chronic Hepatitis ...
Hepatitis A Virus
... low prevalence of anti-HEV (<2%) has been found in healthy populations. The source of infection for these persons is unknown. Minimal person-to-person transmission. Risk groups for severe course: Pregnancy, DM, obesity, hypertension, ischemic heart disease ...
... low prevalence of anti-HEV (<2%) has been found in healthy populations. The source of infection for these persons is unknown. Minimal person-to-person transmission. Risk groups for severe course: Pregnancy, DM, obesity, hypertension, ischemic heart disease ...
HepA
... Sewage workers - The Canadian Immunization Guide, 6th edition states that during a community outbreak that Sewage workers may be at increased risk of infection but “the data are insufficient to make a recommendation for routine vaccination”. In the United States the CDC has concluded that Sewage wor ...
... Sewage workers - The Canadian Immunization Guide, 6th edition states that during a community outbreak that Sewage workers may be at increased risk of infection but “the data are insufficient to make a recommendation for routine vaccination”. In the United States the CDC has concluded that Sewage wor ...
lecture 05a
... – Liver especially important in metabolism • Breakdown of drugs, toxins, waste products – Damage results in accumulation of bilirubin • Bilirubin is a stage in hemoglobin breakdown • Results in yellow color: jaundice – Hepatitis can be caused by several different viruses • Hepatitis A, B, and C viru ...
... – Liver especially important in metabolism • Breakdown of drugs, toxins, waste products – Damage results in accumulation of bilirubin • Bilirubin is a stage in hemoglobin breakdown • Results in yellow color: jaundice – Hepatitis can be caused by several different viruses • Hepatitis A, B, and C viru ...
Microorganisms
... resistant to many disinfectants and are not affected by antibiotics Cause diseases ...
... resistant to many disinfectants and are not affected by antibiotics Cause diseases ...
Pathogenesis of HBV Infections Acute Infection
... during the acute phase. • Symptoms include decreased appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, jaundice and itching. • HCV is detected in blood within 1-3 weeks after infection using PCR technique. • Antibodies are detectable within 3-15 weeks. • Viral clearance rates are highly variable, 10-60% of infecte ...
... during the acute phase. • Symptoms include decreased appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, jaundice and itching. • HCV is detected in blood within 1-3 weeks after infection using PCR technique. • Antibodies are detectable within 3-15 weeks. • Viral clearance rates are highly variable, 10-60% of infecte ...
Hepatitis B testing
... injecting equipment to inject drugs or other injuries involving blood spillage from infected people, from sharing toothbrushes, razors, and other items which may be contaminated with infected blood. There is a small risk from re-used equipment used for tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, etc. Als ...
... injecting equipment to inject drugs or other injuries involving blood spillage from infected people, from sharing toothbrushes, razors, and other items which may be contaminated with infected blood. There is a small risk from re-used equipment used for tattooing, body piercing, acupuncture, etc. Als ...
What is hepatitis A virus (HAV)? Transmission • Anal/oral contact, by
... • Adults may become quite ill suddenly, experiencing jaundice, fatigue nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine/light stools and fever. • The incubation period averages 30 days; however, an infected individual can transmit the virus to others as early as two weeks before symptoms appear. • Sympt ...
... • Adults may become quite ill suddenly, experiencing jaundice, fatigue nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine/light stools and fever. • The incubation period averages 30 days; however, an infected individual can transmit the virus to others as early as two weeks before symptoms appear. • Sympt ...
Hepatitis
... • It is most commonly transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or drinking water. ...
... • It is most commonly transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or drinking water. ...
Updates on Hepatitis C Infection
... •Patients with HCV should be screened for HBV and HIV. •Patients with HCV should be vaccinated for HAV and HBV if not immune • Sexual transmission in monogamous relationship and motherto-fetus transmission are rare •This disease is difficult to transmit to family members • Alcohol consumption should ...
... •Patients with HCV should be screened for HBV and HIV. •Patients with HCV should be vaccinated for HAV and HBV if not immune • Sexual transmission in monogamous relationship and motherto-fetus transmission are rare •This disease is difficult to transmit to family members • Alcohol consumption should ...
Patology pathology of infections hepatitis Atypical pneumonia
... – HAV (?), HBV (!), – drugs and chemical injury (acetaminophen, isoniazid, halotane, ...
... – HAV (?), HBV (!), – drugs and chemical injury (acetaminophen, isoniazid, halotane, ...
Press Release
... slow down or prevent the virus to damage the liver. Pegasys (Peginterferon alfa 2a (40KD)) is a drug that works effectively in both cases. It simulates a substance in the body called Interferon which acts as an immunomodulator, a regulator for the body´s immune system. It is a direct antiviral agent ...
... slow down or prevent the virus to damage the liver. Pegasys (Peginterferon alfa 2a (40KD)) is a drug that works effectively in both cases. It simulates a substance in the body called Interferon which acts as an immunomodulator, a regulator for the body´s immune system. It is a direct antiviral agent ...
Common Infectious Diseases
... Definition- an inflammation in the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Viral meningitis is relatively mild, but bacterial meningitis can be life threatening. The organisms that cause meningitis usually reach the meninges through the bloodstream from an infection elsewhere i ...
... Definition- an inflammation in the meninges, the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. Viral meningitis is relatively mild, but bacterial meningitis can be life threatening. The organisms that cause meningitis usually reach the meninges through the bloodstream from an infection elsewhere i ...
Epidemiology and transmission
... Infection is parenterally transmitted. The virus replicates in the liver and virus particles, as well as excess viral surface protein, are shed in large amounts into the blood. Viraemia is prolonged and the blood of infected individuals is highly infectious. Following acute infection, approximately ...
... Infection is parenterally transmitted. The virus replicates in the liver and virus particles, as well as excess viral surface protein, are shed in large amounts into the blood. Viraemia is prolonged and the blood of infected individuals is highly infectious. Following acute infection, approximately ...
Unit: Universal Precautions
... • They are intended to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and nonrecognized sources of infection….which is high in a healthcare setting! ...
... • They are intended to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and nonrecognized sources of infection….which is high in a healthcare setting! ...
The Epidemiology of Hepatitis A, B, and C
... IDU Household contacts/sex partners of persons with chronic HBV. ...
... IDU Household contacts/sex partners of persons with chronic HBV. ...
MONONUCLEOSIS
... Mononucleosis is an acute viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Individuals with this disease can experience mild to severe illness. Most cases of infectious mononucleosis go away by themselves over 2-3 weeks. During the course of the illness, patients often have days when they feel well ...
... Mononucleosis is an acute viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Individuals with this disease can experience mild to severe illness. Most cases of infectious mononucleosis go away by themselves over 2-3 weeks. During the course of the illness, patients often have days when they feel well ...
Hepatitis A-E Viruses part ІІ
... patients, when present, acute illness usually mild – Acute symptoms include jaundice, nausea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, dark urine ...
... patients, when present, acute illness usually mild – Acute symptoms include jaundice, nausea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, dark urine ...
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The infection is often asymptomatic, but chronic infection can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, which is generally apparent after many years. In some cases, those with cirrhosis will go on to develop liver failure, liver cancer, or life-threatening esophageal and gastric varices.HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, and transfusions. An estimated 150–200 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C. The existence of hepatitis C – originally identifiable only as a type of non-A non-B hepatitis – was suggested in the 1970s and proven in 1989. Hepatitis C infects only humans and chimpanzees. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The virus persists in the liver in about 85% of those infected. This chronic infection can be treated with medication: the standard therapy is a combination of peginterferon and ribavirin, with either boceprevir or telaprevir added in some cases. Overall, 50–80% of people treated are cured. Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer may require a liver transplant. Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. No vaccine against hepatitis C is available. About 343,000 deaths due to liver cancer from hepatitis C occurred in 2013, up from 198,000 in 1990. An additional 358,000 in 2013 occurred due to cirrhosis.