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draft – not for release - American Liver Foundation
draft – not for release - American Liver Foundation

... for 70 -80% percent of those exposed to the virus. “I was very pleased to read this report about the decline in acute hepatitis infections,” said Dr. James Boyer, Chair of the Board of the American Liver Foundation and Director of the Liver Center at the Yale University Medical School. “But this goo ...
Foodborne viral disease in the European region: Norovirus and
Foodborne viral disease in the European region: Norovirus and

... Norovirus infection typically causes acute gastroenteritis with the most common symptoms being nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach pain. Symptoms usually develop 12 to 48 hours after infection. The disease normally lasts between 1 and 3 days. However, for some individuals, especially children, th ...
Drug treatment for chronic hepatitis B: slide set
Drug treatment for chronic hepatitis B: slide set

... 7700 new cases of chronic hepatitis B in the UK each year. Of these, ~300 cases infected within the UK, and the remainder of cases infected while living abroad prior to arrival in the UK Most reports of acute infection in the UK occur as a result of intravenous drug use or sexual exposure. Cases whe ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... Hepatitis is a disease that causes inflammation of the liver. Symptoms include: nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, fatigue, fever, and yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), may occur. Hepatitis may be Acute or Chronic. The acute form can subside after a few months and rarely causes liver ...
How safe and effective is the vaccine?
How safe and effective is the vaccine?

... Liver cancer is almost always fatal, and usually develops between 35 and 65 years of age, when people are maximally productive and with family responsibilities. The loss of a mother or a father in a developing country can devastate the entire family. In developing countries, most people with liver c ...
Liver and Biliary System
Liver and Biliary System

...  Can transition into chronic hepatitis, even without acute phase  Vaccine available ...
Employee Immunization Exemption Form
Employee Immunization Exemption Form

... I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials I may be at risk of acquiring Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. I have been given the opportunity to be vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine, at no cost to myself. However, I decline hepatitis B vacc ...
hepatitis
hepatitis

... the gallbladder. Most of these stones are composed of cholesterol, an ingredient of bile. Gallstones form more commonly in women than in men, especially in women on oral contraceptives and in those who have had several pregnancies. The condition is characterized by biliary colic (pain) in the right ...
Week of March 4, 2013 – OSHA`s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard In
Week of March 4, 2013 – OSHA`s Bloodborne Pathogen Standard In

... that can be spread through contamination by blood. By contrast, diseases that are not usually transmitted directly by blood contact, but rather by insect or other vectors, are more usefully classified as “vector-borne disease,” even though the causative agent can be found in blood. Vectorborne disea ...
BLOOD TYPES
BLOOD TYPES

... mother is Rh-, this can cause the mother’s immune system to attack the fetus. There are drugs that will suppress this reaction. ...
Biosafety-Post-Exp-SOP-HCV - UCLA Office of Environment
Biosafety-Post-Exp-SOP-HCV - UCLA Office of Environment

... Hepatitis (HCV) is a single stranded, small, positive sense RNA, enveloped virus. The primary routes of infection are parenteral or sexual exposures. Healthcare worker needlestick exposures to infected blood have been estimated to have 2 to10% chance of infection. About a quarter of infected persons ...
The Present - Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board
The Present - Viral Hepatitis Prevention Board

... • The hepatitis B prevention measures together with those directed to HIV have also caused a reduction of new HCV infections. • The health-care and social burden of chronic disease associated both with HBV and especially with HCV still remains relevant. This burden has not so far been positively inf ...
Access a printer-friendly copy of this alert
Access a printer-friendly copy of this alert

... recommended for 11 and 12 year-old girls, and for females 13 through 26 years old, who did not get any or all of the three recommended doses when they were younger. These vaccines can also be given to girls beginning at age 9. One available vaccine (Gardasil) protects males against most genital wart ...
Employees who fail to follow established policies
Employees who fail to follow established policies

... Hepatitis A  May be from drug or chemical reactions  Transmitted through  Fecal-oral route (contaminated with infected feces)  This means one has eaten food or has drunk water contaminated with infected feces ...
Isolated Hepatitis B Core Antibody - Sample letter
Isolated Hepatitis B Core Antibody - Sample letter

... Patient may have a low level of viremia and could be infectious. This scenario is very rare. Recommendation: If there is evidence of HIV infection, HIV/hepatitis C co-infection, immunosuppression or liver disease, recommend HBV DNA, HBeAg and ALT testing for further evaluation. If immunosuppressed, ...
Glossary
Glossary

... asymptomatic: Without symptoms. For example, a child may shed hepatitis A virus in the stool and not have symptoms, but still be able to infect others bacterium/bacteria: Organisms with a cell wall that can survive in and out of the body. They are much larger than viruses, and they can usually be tr ...
Mode of transmission
Mode of transmission

... Males are more affected; 50-60 years old ...
Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens

... Pathogens: those micro-organisms that are carried in the blood throughout the ...
Chronic hepatitis D
Chronic hepatitis D

... • -prevalence in chronic hepatitis B patients:10% • prevalence in chronic hepatitis B patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis:14.2% • Risk factors:1-transfusion 2-positive family history ...
I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other
I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other

... Waivers to refuse immunization for Queen’s University personnel and students. Fill in the blanks in the text below as required. Remove the waivers that do not apply to your situation. Your P.I. will keep a copy of this waiver with your training records. Hepatitis B waiver: I understand that due to m ...
Master slide
Master slide

... Therapeutic injections Most medications used in primary care can be administered orally ...
PDF
PDF

... Growth hormone from human pituitary glands was prescribed for children with delayed or impaired growth. The hormone was obtained from human pituitary glands, which are found in the brain. Some people who took this hormone developed a rare nervous system condition called Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJ ...
Chapter 20 - Low pH Productions
Chapter 20 - Low pH Productions

... associated with fecally contaminated water and food Most infections result from ...
Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis
Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis

... Early Antigen D (EA-D) for 3-6months (marker of chronic infection) DIFFERENTIALS: ...
Title: Intracellular Calcium Regulation in JC Polyomavirus Infection
Title: Intracellular Calcium Regulation in JC Polyomavirus Infection

... transcription factors required for JCPyV infection. The goal of this study is to define how intracellular calcium flux influences the infectious life cycle and pathogenicity of the virus. Methods: Glial cells were pretreated with 2-APB, an antagonist of IP3-mediated Ca2+ release from the ER, or U731 ...
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Hepatitis C



Hepatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The infection is often asymptomatic, but chronic infection can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, which is generally apparent after many years. In some cases, those with cirrhosis will go on to develop liver failure, liver cancer, or life-threatening esophageal and gastric varices.HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, and transfusions. An estimated 150–200 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C. The existence of hepatitis C – originally identifiable only as a type of non-A non-B hepatitis – was suggested in the 1970s and proven in 1989. Hepatitis C infects only humans and chimpanzees. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The virus persists in the liver in about 85% of those infected. This chronic infection can be treated with medication: the standard therapy is a combination of peginterferon and ribavirin, with either boceprevir or telaprevir added in some cases. Overall, 50–80% of people treated are cured. Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer may require a liver transplant. Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. No vaccine against hepatitis C is available. About 343,000 deaths due to liver cancer from hepatitis C occurred in 2013, up from 198,000 in 1990. An additional 358,000 in 2013 occurred due to cirrhosis.
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