Immunity and How Vaccines Work
... Vaccines work by making us produce antibodies to fight disease without actually infecting us with the disease. If the vaccinated person then comes into contact with the disease itself, their immune system will recognise it and immediately produce the antibodies they need to fight it. ...
... Vaccines work by making us produce antibodies to fight disease without actually infecting us with the disease. If the vaccinated person then comes into contact with the disease itself, their immune system will recognise it and immediately produce the antibodies they need to fight it. ...
Zoonotic Diseases
... wash your hands properly after handling meat or utensils used with contaminated meat. Toxoplasma cannot pass through the skin, but oocytes left on the skin can unintentionally be ingested if hands are not washed properly, resulting in infection (CDC, “Toxoplasmosis,” accessed 2014). This parasite is ...
... wash your hands properly after handling meat or utensils used with contaminated meat. Toxoplasma cannot pass through the skin, but oocytes left on the skin can unintentionally be ingested if hands are not washed properly, resulting in infection (CDC, “Toxoplasmosis,” accessed 2014). This parasite is ...
Slide 1
... how many people does an infectious case come into contact with) and the transmission process (i.e. of those ...
... how many people does an infectious case come into contact with) and the transmission process (i.e. of those ...
July 2015: Ticks and Tick Bites
... Now that summer is officially here, more children will be spending time outdoors camping, hiking, and playing. While summer may mean more outdoor activities and opportunities to enjoy Mother Nature, it’s also the time of year when our office gets many phone calls and office visits from concerned par ...
... Now that summer is officially here, more children will be spending time outdoors camping, hiking, and playing. While summer may mean more outdoor activities and opportunities to enjoy Mother Nature, it’s also the time of year when our office gets many phone calls and office visits from concerned par ...
An overview of wildlife husbandry and diseases in captivity
... development of protective behavioural repertoires may depend on the mildly stressful interaction of an animal with its environment. Nevertheless, intense or prolonged stimulation may induce detrimental responses in the animal. It is essential to understand that stressor stimulation is primarily a po ...
... development of protective behavioural repertoires may depend on the mildly stressful interaction of an animal with its environment. Nevertheless, intense or prolonged stimulation may induce detrimental responses in the animal. It is essential to understand that stressor stimulation is primarily a po ...
here - WordPress.com
... E. The ability to enter into others’ subjectivity 2. It’s Happy Hour in heaven. Merleau-Ponty and Descartes meet to share a bottle of Merlot3. Who says what? “I particularly enjoy this wine because of its provenance; the grape comes from the vineyards of Orange and the production process was especia ...
... E. The ability to enter into others’ subjectivity 2. It’s Happy Hour in heaven. Merleau-Ponty and Descartes meet to share a bottle of Merlot3. Who says what? “I particularly enjoy this wine because of its provenance; the grape comes from the vineyards of Orange and the production process was especia ...
epidemiology - Devon County Council
... agencies working in partnership. The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987 allows provisions for control of AHS, with a few additional measures allowed by the Animal Health Act 1981 (as amended). There is no statutory requirement to slaughter horses. The Department of Health contingency plan will ...
... agencies working in partnership. The Infectious Diseases of Horses Order 1987 allows provisions for control of AHS, with a few additional measures allowed by the Animal Health Act 1981 (as amended). There is no statutory requirement to slaughter horses. The Department of Health contingency plan will ...
Immunizations_Communicable Diseae_10
... possibility of pregnancy within 4 wks Children on high dos immunosuppressive therapy or immunocompromised HIV / AIDS – vaccination can be given if CD4 T-lymphocyte percentages or 15% or greater. ...
... possibility of pregnancy within 4 wks Children on high dos immunosuppressive therapy or immunocompromised HIV / AIDS – vaccination can be given if CD4 T-lymphocyte percentages or 15% or greater. ...
The Kingdom Protista
... Severe chills Fever There are a number of vaccines against malaria but to date most are only partially effective Controlling mosquitoes is the best method to controlling malaria ...
... Severe chills Fever There are a number of vaccines against malaria but to date most are only partially effective Controlling mosquitoes is the best method to controlling malaria ...
Ankylosing Spondylitis or Crohn`s Disease?
... hand, there is evidence that they favorably influence the bowel inflammation, when administered in different forms of IBD. A common and challenging problem is the patient who remains symptomatic despite adequate doses of steroids (not used in this case). An evolving trend among some authorities in t ...
... hand, there is evidence that they favorably influence the bowel inflammation, when administered in different forms of IBD. A common and challenging problem is the patient who remains symptomatic despite adequate doses of steroids (not used in this case). An evolving trend among some authorities in t ...
Evolution of parasitic life in the ocean
... An accurate estimate of the increasing number of parasite species will be difficult to determine because the ratio of generalists and specialists is different in each parasite taxon [11]. In addition, after the infection of a new host group, parasites might encounter certain problems that prevent fu ...
... An accurate estimate of the increasing number of parasite species will be difficult to determine because the ratio of generalists and specialists is different in each parasite taxon [11]. In addition, after the infection of a new host group, parasites might encounter certain problems that prevent fu ...
Lyme disease in the UK: clinical and laboratory features and
... The studied patients largely had typical clinical features – 91% of patients had EM and those who did not often had characteristic neurological abnormalities. The diagnosis should therefore have been straightforward in most cases. Apart from EM, the main symptoms were systemic upset in 62% of cases, ...
... The studied patients largely had typical clinical features – 91% of patients had EM and those who did not often had characteristic neurological abnormalities. The diagnosis should therefore have been straightforward in most cases. Apart from EM, the main symptoms were systemic upset in 62% of cases, ...
VIDO-InterVac
... improving the health of their animals. VIDO’s research over the last three decades has focused on both human and animal health, and thus it is no surprise that we are close to entering clinical trials with two new vaccine candidates, one for human and one for veterinary application. The first is a v ...
... improving the health of their animals. VIDO’s research over the last three decades has focused on both human and animal health, and thus it is no surprise that we are close to entering clinical trials with two new vaccine candidates, one for human and one for veterinary application. The first is a v ...
Frequently Asked Questions on Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) August
... The current Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak is centered on three countries in West Africa: Liberia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, although there is the potential for further spread to neighboring African countries. EVD does not pose a significant risk to the U.S. public. The Centers for Disease Control & ...
... The current Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak is centered on three countries in West Africa: Liberia, Guinea, Sierra Leone, although there is the potential for further spread to neighboring African countries. EVD does not pose a significant risk to the U.S. public. The Centers for Disease Control & ...
Lung Infection—A Public Health Priority
... For those in wealthier populations, little further advancement is evident against lung infections. Focusing exclusively on the highest income populations (“Established Market Economies” or “High Income” groups in the WHO Burden of Disease Study), a comparison of the relative DALY losses due to lung ...
... For those in wealthier populations, little further advancement is evident against lung infections. Focusing exclusively on the highest income populations (“Established Market Economies” or “High Income” groups in the WHO Burden of Disease Study), a comparison of the relative DALY losses due to lung ...
Fever and Rash - people.vcu.edu
... The diagnosis of HME or HGE suggested by a single elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) Ehrlichia titer or by demonstrating a 4-fold or greater increase between acute and convalescent IFA Ehrlichia titers. Alert the lab to look for cytoplasmic inclusions (morulae), which a ...
... The diagnosis of HME or HGE suggested by a single elevated immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) Ehrlichia titer or by demonstrating a 4-fold or greater increase between acute and convalescent IFA Ehrlichia titers. Alert the lab to look for cytoplasmic inclusions (morulae), which a ...
wounds and abscess
... anaerobic organisem :particularly Clostridium perfringens , bacteroides spp ,anaerobic cocci.. ...
... anaerobic organisem :particularly Clostridium perfringens , bacteroides spp ,anaerobic cocci.. ...
When To Test When to Treat - Massachusetts Coalition for the
... • Residents with long-term indwelling catheters – Change catheter prior to collection (sterile technique/equip.) • Resident with short-term catheterization (< 14 days) – Obtain by sampling through the catheter port using aseptic technique – If port not present may puncture the catheter tubing with a ...
... • Residents with long-term indwelling catheters – Change catheter prior to collection (sterile technique/equip.) • Resident with short-term catheterization (< 14 days) – Obtain by sampling through the catheter port using aseptic technique – If port not present may puncture the catheter tubing with a ...
C. diphtheriae
... Incubation period: 2-6 days. Inflammation begins in the respiratory tract, causing sore throat, exudative pharyngitis that develops into pseudomembrane, and low grade fever. Prostration (衰弱) and dyspnea (呼吸困難) soon follow, which may lead to suffocation if not promptly relieved by intubation or trach ...
... Incubation period: 2-6 days. Inflammation begins in the respiratory tract, causing sore throat, exudative pharyngitis that develops into pseudomembrane, and low grade fever. Prostration (衰弱) and dyspnea (呼吸困難) soon follow, which may lead to suffocation if not promptly relieved by intubation or trach ...
APES-Chapter-19-Objectives-Key-Terms
... 2. Toxicology is the scientific field that measures the degree of harm a hazardous agent can cause. Scientists measure toxicity based on dosage, solubility, persistence, bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and chemical interactions. 3. Chemical hazards include agents that are flammable or explosive, ...
... 2. Toxicology is the scientific field that measures the degree of harm a hazardous agent can cause. Scientists measure toxicity based on dosage, solubility, persistence, bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and chemical interactions. 3. Chemical hazards include agents that are flammable or explosive, ...
docx - National Blood Authority
... study, adult patients began on infusions every other day or three times per week. Subsequent dosing intervals were then determined based on individual pharmacokinetic data, which resulted in a median dosing interval of 3.5 days and with 58 per cent of patients on a twice a week or fewer infusion sch ...
... study, adult patients began on infusions every other day or three times per week. Subsequent dosing intervals were then determined based on individual pharmacokinetic data, which resulted in a median dosing interval of 3.5 days and with 58 per cent of patients on a twice a week or fewer infusion sch ...
Environment–KHV–carp–human linkage as a model for
... situation as in Lake Biwa will occur within a few years. Four environmental alterations mediated by humans were considered in this paper: habitat degradation, eutrophication, changes in the food web and decrease in biodiversisty (Fig 1). These factors interact with each other; therefore, the relatio ...
... situation as in Lake Biwa will occur within a few years. Four environmental alterations mediated by humans were considered in this paper: habitat degradation, eutrophication, changes in the food web and decrease in biodiversisty (Fig 1). These factors interact with each other; therefore, the relatio ...
RISK OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE SPREAD OUTSIDE OF AFRICA
... The Ebola virus is one of the most virulent pathogen of humans. Until 2014 there have been reported 35 outbreaks, of which 25 in Africa, three in Asia (Philippines), three in America (USA) and four in Europe (Russia, UK, and Italy). Several outbreaks affected multiple countries. The most non-African ...
... The Ebola virus is one of the most virulent pathogen of humans. Until 2014 there have been reported 35 outbreaks, of which 25 in Africa, three in Asia (Philippines), three in America (USA) and four in Europe (Russia, UK, and Italy). Several outbreaks affected multiple countries. The most non-African ...
- Critical Care Clinics
... clear that some form of ‘‘natural resistance’’ to disease was intrinsic to native populations and lacking in newly exposed populations.4 Africa was known as a death trap to Europeans and it remained the ‘‘dark continent’’ for centuries as early explorers suffered devastating losses from malaria, try ...
... clear that some form of ‘‘natural resistance’’ to disease was intrinsic to native populations and lacking in newly exposed populations.4 Africa was known as a death trap to Europeans and it remained the ‘‘dark continent’’ for centuries as early explorers suffered devastating losses from malaria, try ...
African trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.