... a. Event due to unknown agent with unpredictable public health impact b. Event due to known agent with the following factors: i. Unusual disease pattern (e.g. unusual season, route of transmission, severity, i.e. the number of deaths for this type of event large for the given place and time) ii. ...
vaccinations keep you safe!
... may also be enlarged. In at least one-third of the cases, the infection causes no or few symptoms. Especially children under the age of five often only produce symptoms similar to those of a common cold. For this reason, mumps goes undetected in many cases despite being contagious. The risk of devel ...
... may also be enlarged. In at least one-third of the cases, the infection causes no or few symptoms. Especially children under the age of five often only produce symptoms similar to those of a common cold. For this reason, mumps goes undetected in many cases despite being contagious. The risk of devel ...
Diagnosis of Streptococcal Tonsillopharyngitis Author`s response
... rapid antigen test in group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis" by Çoban et al. (1) with great interest. Çoban et al. emphasized a prevalent issue in pediatric practice and concluded that streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis was more prevalent in children than in adults and it was important since it m ...
... rapid antigen test in group A streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis" by Çoban et al. (1) with great interest. Çoban et al. emphasized a prevalent issue in pediatric practice and concluded that streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis was more prevalent in children than in adults and it was important since it m ...
Poultry Diseases
... III. Non-contagious Diseases of Poultry The non-contagious diseases do not spread from bird to bird by contact. Only few birds will be affected at a time. They are not very serious diseases as the affected birds usually recover if the complaint is promptly detected and proper treatment given in time ...
... III. Non-contagious Diseases of Poultry The non-contagious diseases do not spread from bird to bird by contact. Only few birds will be affected at a time. They are not very serious diseases as the affected birds usually recover if the complaint is promptly detected and proper treatment given in time ...
"Autoimmune Disease". - University of St Andrews
... family history of the disease in question may indicate a genetic element, but a common environmental factor could also be involved. If a given condition provides a family history suggestive of mendelian inheritance, a genome search might confirm a genetic contribution. Studies of identical (monozygot ...
... family history of the disease in question may indicate a genetic element, but a common environmental factor could also be involved. If a given condition provides a family history suggestive of mendelian inheritance, a genome search might confirm a genetic contribution. Studies of identical (monozygot ...
Blood Transfusion and Infectious Diseases
... Therefore, other European and American countries employed similar policies on the handling of blood. In fact, when sheep were transfused with blood from other sheep that had ingested brain tissues of BSE-infected cows, one sheep developed encephalopathy similar to mad cow disease.10) This result str ...
... Therefore, other European and American countries employed similar policies on the handling of blood. In fact, when sheep were transfused with blood from other sheep that had ingested brain tissues of BSE-infected cows, one sheep developed encephalopathy similar to mad cow disease.10) This result str ...
Controlling Upper Respiratory Infections in Your Shelter
... Proper nutrition is critical for a healthy immune system. Provide the best quality food your shelter can afford, and be sure individual animals are eating. Use every method at your disposal to decrease the stress your shelter's animals are undergoing. Keep them warm, dry, and comfortable; ask your s ...
... Proper nutrition is critical for a healthy immune system. Provide the best quality food your shelter can afford, and be sure individual animals are eating. Use every method at your disposal to decrease the stress your shelter's animals are undergoing. Keep them warm, dry, and comfortable; ask your s ...
Republic of Latvia Cabinet Regulation No. 203 Adopted 1 June
... organised by an official who has a medical education, in other cases - by a person having medical, veterinary, biological or chemical education. Disinfection, disinsecting and deratting shall be performed by trained persons - disinfectors (except the cases where it is performed by the inhabitants th ...
... organised by an official who has a medical education, in other cases - by a person having medical, veterinary, biological or chemical education. Disinfection, disinsecting and deratting shall be performed by trained persons - disinfectors (except the cases where it is performed by the inhabitants th ...
1. Basic Concepts in the Transmission of Communicable Diseases
... community, a region, a country or indeed the whole world, in the same way over a period of time. Some communicable diseases persist in a community at a relatively constant level for a very long time and the number of individuals affected remains approximately the same. These communicable diseases ar ...
... community, a region, a country or indeed the whole world, in the same way over a period of time. Some communicable diseases persist in a community at a relatively constant level for a very long time and the number of individuals affected remains approximately the same. These communicable diseases ar ...
US Scientists See Long Fight Against Ebola
... Dr. Margaret Chan, director general of the W.H.O., which has stood by its lower projections of the toll of the Ebola outbreak. Credit Martial Trezzini/KEYSTONE, via Associated Press The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declined to comment on the projections. A spokesman, Tom Skinner, said ...
... Dr. Margaret Chan, director general of the W.H.O., which has stood by its lower projections of the toll of the Ebola outbreak. Credit Martial Trezzini/KEYSTONE, via Associated Press The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention declined to comment on the projections. A spokesman, Tom Skinner, said ...
Disease in natural plant populations, communities, and ecosystems
... (Fig. 2B). Studies of large geographic areas in Sweden revealed that levels of anther-smut disease of Lychnis alpina are highest in plant populations that are more continuous in their distribution (36), presumably because of the greater likelihood of spore dispersal among populations. Over an archip ...
... (Fig. 2B). Studies of large geographic areas in Sweden revealed that levels of anther-smut disease of Lychnis alpina are highest in plant populations that are more continuous in their distribution (36), presumably because of the greater likelihood of spore dispersal among populations. Over an archip ...
Children`s Participation in a Virtual Epidemic in the
... receiver that exchanged information with the other tags in the simulation and then displayed to the user information such as how many people the Thinking Tag had met that were sick. The Thinking Tags were used within a single classroom and each simulation lasted minutes. Findings from this study sho ...
... receiver that exchanged information with the other tags in the simulation and then displayed to the user information such as how many people the Thinking Tag had met that were sick. The Thinking Tags were used within a single classroom and each simulation lasted minutes. Findings from this study sho ...
The ABC of terms used in mathematical models of infectious diseases
... focusing primarily on compartmental models of microparasitic diseases.1 2 31e33 ...
... focusing primarily on compartmental models of microparasitic diseases.1 2 31e33 ...
Antibacterial_BasicsPart3
... Chlamydia is a bacterial infection of the genital tract spread through sexual contact. If untreated, it can result in various medical complications, including damage to the reproductive organs. ...
... Chlamydia is a bacterial infection of the genital tract spread through sexual contact. If untreated, it can result in various medical complications, including damage to the reproductive organs. ...
Slide 1
... contamination or colonization); others may be deep tissue samples or cultures from an operation (i.e., less likely to be contaminated or colonized). The presence of cellulitis, pus, exposed bone can help distinguish true infection from contamination or colonization. Read the MD note carefully an ...
... contamination or colonization); others may be deep tissue samples or cultures from an operation (i.e., less likely to be contaminated or colonized). The presence of cellulitis, pus, exposed bone can help distinguish true infection from contamination or colonization. Read the MD note carefully an ...
Diagnosis and Treatment of Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis
... Creatine kinase (CK) activity may be high in CSF, reflecting diffusion of BB isoenzyme from damaged CNS gray matter. Unfortunately, inadvertent inclusion of a small plug of epidural fat or dura during CSF collection can dramatically elevate CK activity, thus reducing the specificity of the test. 5. ...
... Creatine kinase (CK) activity may be high in CSF, reflecting diffusion of BB isoenzyme from damaged CNS gray matter. Unfortunately, inadvertent inclusion of a small plug of epidural fat or dura during CSF collection can dramatically elevate CK activity, thus reducing the specificity of the test. 5. ...
Vaccinations - e-Bug
... system to work properly so preventing infection. Another means of assisting our immune system is through vaccinations. Vaccines are used to prevent, NOT treat infection. A vaccine is usually made from weak or inactive versions of the same microbes that make us ill. In some cases, the vaccines are ma ...
... system to work properly so preventing infection. Another means of assisting our immune system is through vaccinations. Vaccines are used to prevent, NOT treat infection. A vaccine is usually made from weak or inactive versions of the same microbes that make us ill. In some cases, the vaccines are ma ...
Extensive hydatidosis of the femur and pelvis with pathological
... of the parasite into the bone tissue, leading to a diffuse, extensive, invasive process; so from the clinical stand point, wherever it is localized, its complete surgical eradication is rarely possible.2 Hydatid cysts of bone remain asymptomatic over a long period, and are usually detected after a p ...
... of the parasite into the bone tissue, leading to a diffuse, extensive, invasive process; so from the clinical stand point, wherever it is localized, its complete surgical eradication is rarely possible.2 Hydatid cysts of bone remain asymptomatic over a long period, and are usually detected after a p ...
Ten Myths About Vaccines
... Like several common childhood diseases, chicken pox isn’t a big deal for most kids. “But on rare occasions children can die from it,” Dr. Rennels observes. Before the vaccine was introduced, many children were hospitalized each year with serious complications, including pneumonia and dangerous skin ...
... Like several common childhood diseases, chicken pox isn’t a big deal for most kids. “But on rare occasions children can die from it,” Dr. Rennels observes. Before the vaccine was introduced, many children were hospitalized each year with serious complications, including pneumonia and dangerous skin ...
Basic Methods for Modeling the Invasion and Spread of Contagious
... where, for γT close to 1 (say, 1 ≤ γT ≤ 3), the region of interpolation is quite extensive; and, for increasing values of γT , we get an increasingly abrupt switch from mass action when N < KT to frequency dependence when N > KT . An alternative formulation of a saturating transmission function, bas ...
... where, for γT close to 1 (say, 1 ≤ γT ≤ 3), the region of interpolation is quite extensive; and, for increasing values of γT , we get an increasingly abrupt switch from mass action when N < KT to frequency dependence when N > KT . An alternative formulation of a saturating transmission function, bas ...
BBP and Infection Control
... Dispose of needles and other sharps immediately in a puncture proof, hard plastic or metal container with a tightly secured lid. Commercial containers are available from a pharmacy or equipment company. Also suitable for use is a bleach bottle or coffee container. Consider all used needles and other ...
... Dispose of needles and other sharps immediately in a puncture proof, hard plastic or metal container with a tightly secured lid. Commercial containers are available from a pharmacy or equipment company. Also suitable for use is a bleach bottle or coffee container. Consider all used needles and other ...
Linking environmental nutrient enrichment and disease
... problem s to various cancers (W ard et al. 2005). Increases in fo o d p ro d u ctio n associated w ith fertilizer usage can also reduce m aln u tritio n a n d enhance h u m an health (Sanchez a n d S w am in ath an 2005, Sm ith et al. 2005). O u r goal here, how ever, is to explore th e indirect eff ...
... problem s to various cancers (W ard et al. 2005). Increases in fo o d p ro d u ctio n associated w ith fertilizer usage can also reduce m aln u tritio n a n d enhance h u m an health (Sanchez a n d S w am in ath an 2005, Sm ith et al. 2005). O u r goal here, how ever, is to explore th e indirect eff ...
Outline C. difficile Other Causes of Infectious Diarrhea
... • Recurrent disease: PO vancomycin in tapering dose over 4 weeks or 125 mg PO QOD for 6 weeks • Immune globulin 400 mg/Kg and consider repeat in 3 weeks • Monoclonal Ab in conjunction w/flagyl or vanco (7% recurrence vs 25% in controls) (Lowry et al, NEJM, 2010). ...
... • Recurrent disease: PO vancomycin in tapering dose over 4 weeks or 125 mg PO QOD for 6 weeks • Immune globulin 400 mg/Kg and consider repeat in 3 weeks • Monoclonal Ab in conjunction w/flagyl or vanco (7% recurrence vs 25% in controls) (Lowry et al, NEJM, 2010). ...
Statutory Reporting of “Variant Influenza A(H3N2) ”
... strengthen the surveillance of this type of influenza to enable effective public health preventive and control measures be implemented locally. It is considered necessary to amend the Prevention and Control of Disease Ordinance (Cap. 599) to include “variant influenza A(H3N2)” in the list of schedul ...
... strengthen the surveillance of this type of influenza to enable effective public health preventive and control measures be implemented locally. It is considered necessary to amend the Prevention and Control of Disease Ordinance (Cap. 599) to include “variant influenza A(H3N2)” in the list of schedul ...
Lesson
... as a considerable surprise to the scientific community. Scientists did not expect diseases to be caused by anything smaller than a virus. Ask the students what they know about epidemics. An epidemic is an outbreak of disease confined to one part of the world, such as a single country. The number of ...
... as a considerable surprise to the scientific community. Scientists did not expect diseases to be caused by anything smaller than a virus. Ask the students what they know about epidemics. An epidemic is an outbreak of disease confined to one part of the world, such as a single country. The number of ...
African trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.