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ENDEMIC MODELS WITH ARBITRARILY
ENDEMIC MODELS WITH ARBITRARILY

... recovered from the infection (in particular they are no longer infectious and do not die from the after-effects of the disease) and that they are permanently immune, we give a condition for local asymptotic stability of the endemic equilibrium in terms of the functional dependence of the incidence on ...
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bixbycenter.ucsf.edu
bixbycenter.ucsf.edu

... – Number of CMV genomes (ie, viral load) present would indicate whether therapy is necessary because patients below a certain cut-off would not develop CMV disease – However, the level of viremia necessary for CMV disease to occur may vary depending on host factors and the type of organ transplant, ...
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... varicella vaccine. ƒ Gloves and gowns should be worn at all times. ƒ Susceptible staff or visitors should not enter patient room. If unavoidable, masks should be worn. Persons immune to varicella need not wear masks. 2. Identify all exposed individuals. • “Exposure” to uncomplicated shingles is defi ...
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Corneal Infections from A to Z - Heart of America Contact Lens Society

... to eliminate ineffective drugs to reduce toxicity, discriminate between static and cidal properties of antibiotics and guide modification in therapy, ineffectively treated organisms are often difficult to isolate, medico-legal component of the patient’s record. Corneal biopsy is indicated if there h ...
Disease Control Day Care Manual - Jefferson County Department of
Disease Control Day Care Manual - Jefferson County Department of

... cleaning and disinfection of surfaces or objects that children or staff may come in contact with, and proper disposal of contaminated objects. It is recommended that age groups be separated if possible in order to reduce the spread of certain diseases such as diarrhea and hepatitis A. This recommend ...
Epidemiology of Infections after Solid-Organ
Epidemiology of Infections after Solid-Organ

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African trypanosomiasis



African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.
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