Infectious disease surveillance
... Uses purposely selected sources of information Prefers sources likely to observe earliest occurrence of phenomenon under surveillance May be active or passive ...
... Uses purposely selected sources of information Prefers sources likely to observe earliest occurrence of phenomenon under surveillance May be active or passive ...
CUTANEOUS MANIFASTATIONS OF HIV/AIDS
... - I.V amphotericin B 0.7mg/kg with flucytosine 100mg/kg orally --> oral fluconazole 400mg/day or itraconazole 200mg bd for 8 weeks. - Secondary prophylaxis: Fluconazole or itraconazole 200mg bd --> lifelong or CD4 count > 100cells/μl - CD4 count < 100cells/μl -> Fluconazole 400mg weekly ...
... - I.V amphotericin B 0.7mg/kg with flucytosine 100mg/kg orally --> oral fluconazole 400mg/day or itraconazole 200mg bd for 8 weeks. - Secondary prophylaxis: Fluconazole or itraconazole 200mg bd --> lifelong or CD4 count > 100cells/μl - CD4 count < 100cells/μl -> Fluconazole 400mg weekly ...
Syphilis and Gonorrhea:
... - The bacterium enters the body through a break in the skin, or by penetrating mucous membranes of the genitalia. - Production of Hyaluronidase; virulence factor, that destroy the polysaccharide (hyaluronic acid) that holds host cells together in the extracellular matrix. (Hyaluronic acid is an glyc ...
... - The bacterium enters the body through a break in the skin, or by penetrating mucous membranes of the genitalia. - Production of Hyaluronidase; virulence factor, that destroy the polysaccharide (hyaluronic acid) that holds host cells together in the extracellular matrix. (Hyaluronic acid is an glyc ...
unmet needs and research priorities
... Mary T Caserta1, Laurie T Krug2 and Philip E Pellett3 The human roseoloviruses, human herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A), HHV-6B, and HHV-7, are highly prevalent viruses that typically cause fever/rash illnesses such as roseola during early life primary infections. They also cause significant neurologic dise ...
... Mary T Caserta1, Laurie T Krug2 and Philip E Pellett3 The human roseoloviruses, human herpesviruses 6A (HHV-6A), HHV-6B, and HHV-7, are highly prevalent viruses that typically cause fever/rash illnesses such as roseola during early life primary infections. They also cause significant neurologic dise ...
Rhinitis and Sinusitis in Dogs
... Sneezing and nasal discharge are common. Sometimes gagging occurs from postnasal drainage. Acute onset of episodes of violent sneezing is often associated with inhalation of a foreign object. Chronic, periodic sneezing is associated with most other nasal diseases. Discharge may be seen from one or b ...
... Sneezing and nasal discharge are common. Sometimes gagging occurs from postnasal drainage. Acute onset of episodes of violent sneezing is often associated with inhalation of a foreign object. Chronic, periodic sneezing is associated with most other nasal diseases. Discharge may be seen from one or b ...
The Epidemiology of Tick-transmitted Zoonotic Disease
... Why are Veterinarians Involved? • Wild animals are typically the natural reservoirs, but domestic animals can bring infected ticks into the homes of humans where people can become exposed. • In this way domestic animals serve as the “vector of the vector” for human tick transmitted disease. • Tick ...
... Why are Veterinarians Involved? • Wild animals are typically the natural reservoirs, but domestic animals can bring infected ticks into the homes of humans where people can become exposed. • In this way domestic animals serve as the “vector of the vector” for human tick transmitted disease. • Tick ...
Prevention of rubella infection
... Because antenatal measures had been used to decrease the risk of mother to child transmission from 30% to < 2%. Antenatal care of women who are HIV positive: Management should be by a multidisciplinary team, including an HIV physician, obstetrician, specialist ,midwife, health advisor and paedia ...
... Because antenatal measures had been used to decrease the risk of mother to child transmission from 30% to < 2%. Antenatal care of women who are HIV positive: Management should be by a multidisciplinary team, including an HIV physician, obstetrician, specialist ,midwife, health advisor and paedia ...
Glossary | CDC Special Pathogens Branch
... a virus or parasite. In this scenario the vector—for instance a mosquito— contaminates its feet or proboscis ("nose") with the infectious agent, or the agent passes through its gastrointestinal tract. The agent is transmitted from the vector when it bites or touches a person. In the case of an insec ...
... a virus or parasite. In this scenario the vector—for instance a mosquito— contaminates its feet or proboscis ("nose") with the infectious agent, or the agent passes through its gastrointestinal tract. The agent is transmitted from the vector when it bites or touches a person. In the case of an insec ...
Astragalus membranaceus
... MRI still reveals nothing of note in the affected area. Liver enzyme levels are lower than before initiating herbal treatment. It has been 14 months since diagnosis; 9 months since surgery. ...
... MRI still reveals nothing of note in the affected area. Liver enzyme levels are lower than before initiating herbal treatment. It has been 14 months since diagnosis; 9 months since surgery. ...
Infections in Diabetics
... • Infections in Diabetics more severe & difficult to treat • Certain infections in Diabetics require more Hospitalisation days than other Diabetic complications • In U.S.A. > 60% Major Amputations as complication of D.M. ...
... • Infections in Diabetics more severe & difficult to treat • Certain infections in Diabetics require more Hospitalisation days than other Diabetic complications • In U.S.A. > 60% Major Amputations as complication of D.M. ...
Infection control
... Disinfection is the process used to reduce the numbers of micro-organisms by boiling, steaming or the use of chemical disinfectants, but which may not destroy bacterial spores or some viruses. Disinfection is considered to reduce the numbers of micro-organisms to a level that is safe for the purpose ...
... Disinfection is the process used to reduce the numbers of micro-organisms by boiling, steaming or the use of chemical disinfectants, but which may not destroy bacterial spores or some viruses. Disinfection is considered to reduce the numbers of micro-organisms to a level that is safe for the purpose ...
Hygiene Policy
... (a) Skin and Soft Tissue Injury Any athlete with a skin injury (abrasion, laceration etc.) should be removed from the field of play until the area of injury can be securely covered with occlusive dressings or bandages to prevent leakage of body fluid and to protect the lesion becoming infected. Care ...
... (a) Skin and Soft Tissue Injury Any athlete with a skin injury (abrasion, laceration etc.) should be removed from the field of play until the area of injury can be securely covered with occlusive dressings or bandages to prevent leakage of body fluid and to protect the lesion becoming infected. Care ...
Skin Lesions of the Immuno-Compromised
... particularly problematic in those patients having therapeutic immuno-suppression, eg transplant recipients, as treatment of the tumour is often aided by reducing the immuno-suppression. The high incidence of sun damaged skin in Australian residents is also a contributing factor to disease incidence. ...
... particularly problematic in those patients having therapeutic immuno-suppression, eg transplant recipients, as treatment of the tumour is often aided by reducing the immuno-suppression. The high incidence of sun damaged skin in Australian residents is also a contributing factor to disease incidence. ...
Guidelines for the Management of Deceased Persons Harbouring
... the risk of acquiring infectious diseases from the living are potentially a greater hazard than acquiring such diseases from the deceased. The Guidelines indicate that a Notification of Death (NoD) Form should be completed in the case of all deaths. Why is this being recommended? The NoD form is a n ...
... the risk of acquiring infectious diseases from the living are potentially a greater hazard than acquiring such diseases from the deceased. The Guidelines indicate that a Notification of Death (NoD) Form should be completed in the case of all deaths. Why is this being recommended? The NoD form is a n ...
Learning Outcomes International Intensive Infectious Diseases
... Following the lecture, the student should be able to - Outline broadly the main groups of immunocompromised patients; - Describe common causes of infection in these patients and their epidemiology, including the main opportunistic infections in HIV - Outline agent biology, pathogenesis of disease an ...
... Following the lecture, the student should be able to - Outline broadly the main groups of immunocompromised patients; - Describe common causes of infection in these patients and their epidemiology, including the main opportunistic infections in HIV - Outline agent biology, pathogenesis of disease an ...
Neck Mass Presentation D Amott.
... By the end of this year, you should be able to perform a competent medical interview, physical examination and suggest a basic investigational plan for a patient presenting with this symptom. ...
... By the end of this year, you should be able to perform a competent medical interview, physical examination and suggest a basic investigational plan for a patient presenting with this symptom. ...
Virginia 1992-1999
... • If political pressure prevails and the entire school is tested, what might be some of the consequences? • This is a low risk population group, greater than 50% of the positive PPD’s identified will be false positives. Preventive treatment with INH exposes the individual to possible liver damage f ...
... • If political pressure prevails and the entire school is tested, what might be some of the consequences? • This is a low risk population group, greater than 50% of the positive PPD’s identified will be false positives. Preventive treatment with INH exposes the individual to possible liver damage f ...
Beyond Malaria — Causes of Fever in Outpatient Tanzanian Children
... group and older children, as reflected in WHO Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines. Four additional inclusion criteria were assessed: the patient’s visit had to be the first for the present illness, the fever duration had to be 1 week or less, the chief reason for the clinic visit c ...
... group and older children, as reflected in WHO Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines. Four additional inclusion criteria were assessed: the patient’s visit had to be the first for the present illness, the fever duration had to be 1 week or less, the chief reason for the clinic visit c ...
Tissue Tropism of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale
... a small amount of exudation in the trachea and lungs congestion. In the case of the intravenous infections these symptoms were also observed in other organs. Additionally the intravenously infected birds were emaciated, had exudation from the tibiotarsal joints, and necrotic areas in the liver. So f ...
... a small amount of exudation in the trachea and lungs congestion. In the case of the intravenous infections these symptoms were also observed in other organs. Additionally the intravenously infected birds were emaciated, had exudation from the tibiotarsal joints, and necrotic areas in the liver. So f ...
Plant disease and its importance
... The principle of protection involves placing a barrier between the pathogen and the susceptible part of the host to shield the host from the pathogen. This can be accomplished by regulation of the environment, cultural and handling practices, control of insect carriers, and application of ...
... The principle of protection involves placing a barrier between the pathogen and the susceptible part of the host to shield the host from the pathogen. This can be accomplished by regulation of the environment, cultural and handling practices, control of insect carriers, and application of ...
TB infection Control Plan Document N° 8.1 TB Infection Control
... High risk areas for TB transmission in health facilities • TB or Medical wards • Emergency rooms • Clinics to which people with known or suspected infectious TB are referred • Aerosol-generating procedures – Sputum collection – Bronchoscopy – Use of high speed devices during lung surgery or autopsy ...
... High risk areas for TB transmission in health facilities • TB or Medical wards • Emergency rooms • Clinics to which people with known or suspected infectious TB are referred • Aerosol-generating procedures – Sputum collection – Bronchoscopy – Use of high speed devices during lung surgery or autopsy ...
Coccidioidomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis (/kɒkˌsɪdiɔɪdoʊmaɪˈkoʊsɪs/, kok-sid-ee-oy-doh-my-KOH-sis), commonly known as cocci, ""valley fever"", as well as ""California fever"", ""desert rheumatism"", and ""San Joaquin Valley fever"", is a mammalian fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. It is endemic in certain parts of Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, and northern Mexico.C. immitis is a dimorphic saprophytic fungus that grows as a mycelium in the soil and produces a spherule form in the host organism. It resides in the soil in certain parts of the southwestern United States, most notably in California and Arizona. It is also commonly found in northern Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. C. immitis is dormant during long dry spells, then develops as a mold with long filaments that break off into airborne spores when it rains. The spores, known as arthroconidia, are swept into the air by disruption of the soil, such as during construction, farming, or an earthquake.Coccidioidomycosis is a common cause of community acquired pneumonia in the endemic areas of the United States. Infections usually occur due to inhalation of the arthroconidial spores after soil disruption. The disease is not contagious. In some cases the infection may recur or be permanent.