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Biological Clinical Guidelines
Biological Clinical Guidelines

... Painless or pruritic papule ...
Sore Throat: When Is It Strep?
Sore Throat: When Is It Strep?

... We prefer not to see children for sore throat before 36 hours into the illness, because of the high rate of false negative results with strep testing this early. The tests for strep become much more accurate after 36-48 hours of illness. What other symptoms can strep throat cause? GAS can not only c ...
NTM - Virginia Tech
NTM - Virginia Tech

... Ice Machines are a possible source of infection due to microorganism contamination “Microorganisms may be present in ice, ice storage chests, and ice-making machines. The two main sources of microorganisms in ice are the potable water from which it is made and a transferral of organisms from hands. ...
Fever in returned travellers
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... individuals can be helpful, particularly for localised epidemics (e.g. legionella), emerging infections (e.g. SARS) or risk assessment for viral haemorrhagic fever. The risk of viral haemorrhagic fevers should be considered in all febrile travellers with epidemiological risk factors, particularly th ...
Virus Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry
Virus Infections of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Poultry

... future improvements in in vitro cell culture techniques, and increased application of modern diagnostic procedures such as virus-specific monoclonal antibodies and polymerase chain reaction procedures. Our understanding of the economic impact of viral gastrointestinal disease on poultry production i ...
quick reference guide - Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust
quick reference guide - Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust

... outbreak of Ebola is acquired through contact with blood, secretions organs or other bodily fluids of an infected animal. The virus is then transmitted to others through direct contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected persons. The incubation period of Ebola virus ...
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... • Methods of infection prevention ─Hand washing ─Standard precautions ─Transmission-based precautions ─OSHA regulations ...
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Incidence of traumatic endophthalmitis

... mg q 12 hr) are widely used for bacterial infections and oral voriconazole (200 mg BID) for fungal infections. ...
Fever in returned travellers presenting in the United Kingdom
Fever in returned travellers presenting in the United Kingdom

... individuals can be helpful, particularly for localised epidemics (e.g. legionella), emerging infections (e.g. SARS) or risk assessment for viral haemorrhagic fever. The risk of viral haemorrhagic fevers should be considered in all febrile travellers with epidemiological risk factors, particularly th ...
Electronmicroscopic studies on the location of salmonella
Electronmicroscopic studies on the location of salmonella

Annual Bloodborne Pathogen Inservice School Year
Annual Bloodborne Pathogen Inservice School Year

... liver disease. • About 30% of those infected have no symptoms • Signs and symptoms: jaundice, fatigue, nausea, joint pain, loss of appetite, abdominal pain • Symptoms are less common in children ...
Review of Hantavirus Infection in Hong Kong (November 2010)
Review of Hantavirus Infection in Hong Kong (November 2010)

... recovery from acute illness is rapid, but full convalescence may require weeks to months. Restoration of normal lung function generally occurs, but pulmonary function abnormalities may persist in some individuals2. Recently, it became clearer that the heart is also heavily affected, leading to intra ...
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Meningitis - Michigan Association for Local Public Health

... Approximately 600 – 1,000 people get meningococcal disease in the United States each year. ...
Childhood Tuberculosis - Advances in Pediatrics
Childhood Tuberculosis - Advances in Pediatrics

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... that stools are now dry and hard to pass. This type of bowel pattern is consistent with: A. Abnormal defecation B. Constipation C. Fecal impaction D. Fecal incontinence ...
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...  Multidisciplinary research efforts and teams to investigate disease outbreaks  For zoonotic diseases, the combined efforts of biomedical and veterinary scientists are essential, but few mechanisms currently exist to support this type of collaboration and cooperation ...
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... Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) 1. It is caused by the HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome) or Retro Virus 2. The virus infects and destroys cells of the body’s immune system  T helper Lymphocyte 3. AIDS is not disease, no vector, and cannot survive outside the living things. 4. Spread ...
Justin Vincent - Human Prion Diseases: Classic Definitions, Problems, and New Directions in Research
Justin Vincent - Human Prion Diseases: Classic Definitions, Problems, and New Directions in Research

... in some patients (Collinge, 2001). Dura matter grafts and cadaver derived human growth hormone have also been identified as transmission vehicles. PrPSc has been shown to associate with LDL and apoB in blood (Safar, 2006), giving the possibility of screening, though more development is required. Tre ...
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... in dogs can be as long as six months. Are there any permanent damage or death that might occur due to infection with this virus? Permanent damages from rabies can include permanent brain damage, since it attacks the nervous central system. Nevertheless, rabies almost always ends in death by the time ...
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... One of the most well known air and droplet-borne diseases is influenza, which can be very deadly. Investigate how to choose a vaccine for this year’s virus, take a quiz about flu facts and misconceptions and learn more about preventing transmission through sneezing and coughing. ...
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Cholera Definition

Common fungi - Fungal Infection Trust
Common fungi - Fungal Infection Trust

... carried in the air all over the world as spores. Aspergillosis (the diseases caused by Aspergillus) mainly affects the lungs and sinuses, but can spread to other organs such as the brain. As well as leukaemia and bone marrow transplant patients, 'invasive aspergillosis' is increasingly affecting oth ...
FELINE CALICIVIRUS - Clinician`s Brief
FELINE CALICIVIRUS - Clinician`s Brief

... oropharynx8 but can occur at other locations depending on biotype. • This causes a variety of clinical presentations.3 h A viremic phase is thought to occur a few days after the initial infection and before tissue infection causes epithelial necrosis and vesicle formation.1 h The pathogenesis o ...
Isolation Policy - Yeovil District Hospital
Isolation Policy - Yeovil District Hospital

... Protective isolation – for patients who are rendered highly susceptible to infection by disease or therapy. ...
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Schistosomiasis



Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, snail fever, and Katayama fever, is a disease caused by parasitic worms of the Schistosoma type. It may infect the urinary tract or the intestines. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. In those who have been infected for a long time, liver damage, kidney failure, infertility, or bladder cancer may occur. In children it may cause poor growth and learning difficulty.The disease is spread by contact with water contaminated with the parasites. These parasites are released from infected freshwater snails. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries as they are more likely to play in contaminated water. Other high risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water for their daily chores. It belongs to the group of helminth infections. Diagnosis is by finding the eggs of the parasite in a person's urine or stool. It can also be confirmed by finding antibodies against the disease in the blood.Methods to prevent the disease include improving access to clean water and reducing the number of snails. In areas where the disease is common entire groups may be treated all at once and yearly with the medication praziquantel. This is done to decrease the number of people infected and therefore decrease the spread of the disease. Praziquantel is also the treatment recommended by the World Health Organization for those who are known to be infected.Schistosomiasis affects almost 210 million people worldwide, and an estimated 12,000 to 200,000 people die from it a year. The disease is most commonly found in Africa, as well as Asia and South America. Around 700 million people, in more than 70 countries, live in areas where the disease is common. Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria, as a parasitic disease with the greatest economic impact. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease.
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