Epidemiological Unit Introduction Mumps is an acute viral disease
... Rubella vaccines as MMR vaccine in Sri Lanka. Mumps containing vaccine is usually administered between 12 – 18 months of age. Any susceptible individual who is more than one year of age could be immunized with mumps containing vaccine at any age. 2) Isolation of cases and contacts Persons diagnosed ...
... Rubella vaccines as MMR vaccine in Sri Lanka. Mumps containing vaccine is usually administered between 12 – 18 months of age. Any susceptible individual who is more than one year of age could be immunized with mumps containing vaccine at any age. 2) Isolation of cases and contacts Persons diagnosed ...
Meningococcal disease fact sheet
... the disease is during the seven days after the person developed symptoms. Preventive antibiotics should be administered to close contacts as soon as possible, preferably within 24 hours of identification of the person with meningococcal disease. During an outbreak a meningococcal immunisation progra ...
... the disease is during the seven days after the person developed symptoms. Preventive antibiotics should be administered to close contacts as soon as possible, preferably within 24 hours of identification of the person with meningococcal disease. During an outbreak a meningococcal immunisation progra ...
Bacillary Dysentery (shigellosis)
... chronic schistosomiasis Japonica contact with the contaminated water hepatomegaly and splenomegaly founding the ovum of schistosomiasis Japonica ...
... chronic schistosomiasis Japonica contact with the contaminated water hepatomegaly and splenomegaly founding the ovum of schistosomiasis Japonica ...
written text - FailingsOrigin persistence and Failings of HIV/AIDS
... quibble, for instance that people testing “HIV”-positive in 1995 might have been infected earlier. But if one were to distribute those positive tests over some range of years, the expected effect would still be some sort of curve whose peak is shifted significantly into later years, albeit the curve ...
... quibble, for instance that people testing “HIV”-positive in 1995 might have been infected earlier. But if one were to distribute those positive tests over some range of years, the expected effect would still be some sort of curve whose peak is shifted significantly into later years, albeit the curve ...
Interim Infection Control and Exposure Management
... a. Patients who do not require hospitalization for medical indications may be isolated at home. Persons with extensive lesions that cannot be easily covered (excluding facial lesions) or draining/weeping lesions or respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough, sore throat, or rhinorrhea) should be isolated in ...
... a. Patients who do not require hospitalization for medical indications may be isolated at home. Persons with extensive lesions that cannot be easily covered (excluding facial lesions) or draining/weeping lesions or respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough, sore throat, or rhinorrhea) should be isolated in ...
Pott’s disease
... often develops kyphosis, which results in a hunchback. This is often referred to as Pott’s curvature. In some cases, a person with Pott’s disease may also develop paralysis, referred to as Pott’s paraplegia, when the spinal nerves become affected by the curvature. A person with Pott’s disease may ex ...
... often develops kyphosis, which results in a hunchback. This is often referred to as Pott’s curvature. In some cases, a person with Pott’s disease may also develop paralysis, referred to as Pott’s paraplegia, when the spinal nerves become affected by the curvature. A person with Pott’s disease may ex ...
NEISSERIA
... Can grow in BA, Chocolate agar without selective media from CSF ? Id. CHO utilization: acid from glucose & maltose. ...
... Can grow in BA, Chocolate agar without selective media from CSF ? Id. CHO utilization: acid from glucose & maltose. ...
SOME COMMON HUMAN DISEASES
... nose, headache, pain in the muscles, and extreme fatigue. Although nausea and vomiting and diarrhoea can sometimes accompany Influenza infection, especially in children, gastrointestinal symptoms are rarely prominent. Most people who get flu, recover completely in 1 to 2 weeks, but some people devel ...
... nose, headache, pain in the muscles, and extreme fatigue. Although nausea and vomiting and diarrhoea can sometimes accompany Influenza infection, especially in children, gastrointestinal symptoms are rarely prominent. Most people who get flu, recover completely in 1 to 2 weeks, but some people devel ...
Morgellons Disease
... Whether the disease is transmissible by human contact remains unclear, but preliminary evidence suggests that it is not. Although most sufferers are fearful of infecting family members, the rare instances where all family members are affected appear to have a common exposure to an inciting agent [1] ...
... Whether the disease is transmissible by human contact remains unclear, but preliminary evidence suggests that it is not. Although most sufferers are fearful of infecting family members, the rare instances where all family members are affected appear to have a common exposure to an inciting agent [1] ...
Document
... From all of organs and systems lungs are most often damaged by tuberculosis, and the injury of other organs quite often develops as complication of pulmonary process. An early exposure of tuberculosis is one of important tasks of doctor. For children external lymph nodes (neck, submaxillary, arm-pit ...
... From all of organs and systems lungs are most often damaged by tuberculosis, and the injury of other organs quite often develops as complication of pulmonary process. An early exposure of tuberculosis is one of important tasks of doctor. For children external lymph nodes (neck, submaxillary, arm-pit ...
Networks of Institutions as a Part of Global Vigilance
... billion people are living in high-risk areas, mostly the tropical zone. There is a trend that dengue cases are increasing since the late 1980s and dengue could be designated as one of the re-emerging infectious diseases in the above areas. Resurgence of dengue in newly industrialized countries in As ...
... billion people are living in high-risk areas, mostly the tropical zone. There is a trend that dengue cases are increasing since the late 1980s and dengue could be designated as one of the re-emerging infectious diseases in the above areas. Resurgence of dengue in newly industrialized countries in As ...
NEISSERIA
... Can grow in BA, Chocolate agar without selective media from CSF ? Id. CHO utilization: acid from glucose & maltose. ...
... Can grow in BA, Chocolate agar without selective media from CSF ? Id. CHO utilization: acid from glucose & maltose. ...
bcg vaccination
... attenuated vaccine derived from Mycobacterium bovis There is a wide range of reported BCG efficacy in published studies to date (from ...
... attenuated vaccine derived from Mycobacterium bovis There is a wide range of reported BCG efficacy in published studies to date (from ...
d Fatal case of West Nile fever
... the vast majority of cases are asymptomatic, with a minority presenting with a mild febrile illness often accompanied by a maculopapular rash. In rare cases, WNV may present as neuroinvasive disease (meningitis or encephalitis) which may be fatal. WNV infection should be confirmed by specialised lab ...
... the vast majority of cases are asymptomatic, with a minority presenting with a mild febrile illness often accompanied by a maculopapular rash. In rare cases, WNV may present as neuroinvasive disease (meningitis or encephalitis) which may be fatal. WNV infection should be confirmed by specialised lab ...
Pathogen and Outbreak Cards - University of Colorado Denver
... parahaemolyticus) are bacteria that occur naturally in warm coastal areas, such as the Gulf of Mexico. These bacteria are found in higher concentrations in the summer months when water gets warmer. Vibri ...
... parahaemolyticus) are bacteria that occur naturally in warm coastal areas, such as the Gulf of Mexico. These bacteria are found in higher concentrations in the summer months when water gets warmer. Vibri ...
Current Status of Pneumonia and Influenza Diagnostics
... Infectious Disease in the US 1970: William Stewart, the Surgeon General of the United States declared the U.S. was “ready to close the book on infectious disease as a major health threat”; modern antibiotics, vaccination, and sanitation methods had done the job. 1995: Infectious disease had again b ...
... Infectious Disease in the US 1970: William Stewart, the Surgeon General of the United States declared the U.S. was “ready to close the book on infectious disease as a major health threat”; modern antibiotics, vaccination, and sanitation methods had done the job. 1995: Infectious disease had again b ...
Changing Epidemiology of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections
... simplex virus (HSV) type 2 in the population was recognized in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Indeed, Time magazine featured an article on the subject and recognized HSV as a social plague because of its propensity to cause recurrent genital ulcerative disease and be transmitted either knowingly or ...
... simplex virus (HSV) type 2 in the population was recognized in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Indeed, Time magazine featured an article on the subject and recognized HSV as a social plague because of its propensity to cause recurrent genital ulcerative disease and be transmitted either knowingly or ...
5 Terminologies for the principal causes of infections (diseases)
... Herd immunity: the phenomenon that persons without immunity factors towards a certain micro organism are protected by the majority of people around them, who do have these ...
... Herd immunity: the phenomenon that persons without immunity factors towards a certain micro organism are protected by the majority of people around them, who do have these ...
(PrP) during prion infection: role of regulatory T cells
... Presence of infection before immunization inhibits antibody and T cell responses to PrP peptide P9 Immunization before infection ...
... Presence of infection before immunization inhibits antibody and T cell responses to PrP peptide P9 Immunization before infection ...
Here - MUNESCO
... A Pandemic is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, ...
... A Pandemic is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, ...
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus
... have been shown to contain viral components, but recipients have not been infected. ...
... have been shown to contain viral components, but recipients have not been infected. ...
Glossary of Epidemiology Terms
... COHORT STUDY. A type of observational analytic study. Enrollment into the study is based on exposure characteristics or membership in a group. Disease, death, or other health-related outcomes are then ascertained and compared. COLONIZED. A carrier state that occurs when a person is not infected with ...
... COHORT STUDY. A type of observational analytic study. Enrollment into the study is based on exposure characteristics or membership in a group. Disease, death, or other health-related outcomes are then ascertained and compared. COLONIZED. A carrier state that occurs when a person is not infected with ...
Heartland Virus–Associated Death in Tennessee
... survived without hemorrhagic manifestations or multiorgan failure. HRTV antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in a bone marrow biopsy collected from one of the first casepatients on hospital day 2, whereas the current patient had HRTV antigen detected at autopsy (hospital day 15) in lymph node ...
... survived without hemorrhagic manifestations or multiorgan failure. HRTV antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in a bone marrow biopsy collected from one of the first casepatients on hospital day 2, whereas the current patient had HRTV antigen detected at autopsy (hospital day 15) in lymph node ...
Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens
... (poisons) from the blood, in the digestion of fats, and in other body processes. ...
... (poisons) from the blood, in the digestion of fats, and in other body processes. ...
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.