2012 ANSWER KEY Disease Detectives Purdue University
... 8. Public health officials use three types of information to characterize an outbreak known as the epidemiological triad. What are these three pieces (3pts)? Agent, Host, Environment (3pts), if students say person, place, time give 2 pts 9. Besides an outbreak, what factors could cause a sudden in ...
... 8. Public health officials use three types of information to characterize an outbreak known as the epidemiological triad. What are these three pieces (3pts)? Agent, Host, Environment (3pts), if students say person, place, time give 2 pts 9. Besides an outbreak, what factors could cause a sudden in ...
Modeling spatial spread of communicable diseases
... immunity to only that serotype for life, so persons living in a dengue-endemic area can have more than one dengue infection during their lifetime. DF and DHF are primarily diseases of tropical and sub-tropical areas, and the four different dengue serotypes are maintained in a cycle that involves hum ...
... immunity to only that serotype for life, so persons living in a dengue-endemic area can have more than one dengue infection during their lifetime. DF and DHF are primarily diseases of tropical and sub-tropical areas, and the four different dengue serotypes are maintained in a cycle that involves hum ...
STD (sexually transmitted disease) or STI (sexually transmitted
... rarely used in public discourse. Moral stigma attached to persons who had VD, so the term became pejorative. Yet venereology remains a specialty devoted to STDs/STIs, and is used today as an equivalent of “sexually transmitted diseases”. The pioneering British venereologist Robert Duncan Catterall ( ...
... rarely used in public discourse. Moral stigma attached to persons who had VD, so the term became pejorative. Yet venereology remains a specialty devoted to STDs/STIs, and is used today as an equivalent of “sexually transmitted diseases”. The pioneering British venereologist Robert Duncan Catterall ( ...
the PDF here
... 992 deaths in 2013. When combined, these 3 conditions were associated with a 39.9% decline from 17 764 deaths in 2003 to 10 683 deaths in 2013. In 2012, the number of deaths associated with hepatitis C surpassed that of 60 ONNICs that are routinely reported to CDC (Figure 1). The mortality rate, as ...
... 992 deaths in 2013. When combined, these 3 conditions were associated with a 39.9% decline from 17 764 deaths in 2003 to 10 683 deaths in 2013. In 2012, the number of deaths associated with hepatitis C surpassed that of 60 ONNICs that are routinely reported to CDC (Figure 1). The mortality rate, as ...
Screening - Nottingham
... What is screening? Screening is a public health service in which members of a defined population, who do not necessarily perceive they are at risk of, or are already affected by a disease or its complications, are asked a question or offered a test, to identify those individuals who are more likely ...
... What is screening? Screening is a public health service in which members of a defined population, who do not necessarily perceive they are at risk of, or are already affected by a disease or its complications, are asked a question or offered a test, to identify those individuals who are more likely ...
management of outbreaks of gastroenteritis
... symptoms include diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea and abdominal cramps. Sometimes these symptoms may be accompanied by fever, headache and overall weakness. People most at risk of developing complications of gastroenteritis include infants, young children, immuno-compromised and the elderly. In Australia ...
... symptoms include diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea and abdominal cramps. Sometimes these symptoms may be accompanied by fever, headache and overall weakness. People most at risk of developing complications of gastroenteritis include infants, young children, immuno-compromised and the elderly. In Australia ...
UTI diagnosis - دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان
... “collateral damage” —ecologic adverse effects of antimicrobial therapy. • amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefdinir, cefaclor, and cefpodoximeproxetil, in 3- to 7-day regimens as appropriate (but not preferred) choices for therapy when other recommended agents cannot be used ...
... “collateral damage” —ecologic adverse effects of antimicrobial therapy. • amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefdinir, cefaclor, and cefpodoximeproxetil, in 3- to 7-day regimens as appropriate (but not preferred) choices for therapy when other recommended agents cannot be used ...
Cyclospora cayetanensis Cyclospora cayetanensis is a protozoan
... Growth and survival characteristics C. cayetanensis can only multiply within the host. Factors that influence the survival of unsporulated and sporulated oocysts in the environment are poorly understood. Available data suggests that the viability of unsporulated oocysts is maintained for up to two m ...
... Growth and survival characteristics C. cayetanensis can only multiply within the host. Factors that influence the survival of unsporulated and sporulated oocysts in the environment are poorly understood. Available data suggests that the viability of unsporulated oocysts is maintained for up to two m ...
Scientists try to untangle the mystery behind a
... But even scientists with reservations about the MSA study admit they find the work interesting. The conversation has progressed since Prusiner first proposed that prions exist, says Millhauser of UC Santa Cruz. Just a few researchers still believe neurodegenerative diseases are caused by viruses, ev ...
... But even scientists with reservations about the MSA study admit they find the work interesting. The conversation has progressed since Prusiner first proposed that prions exist, says Millhauser of UC Santa Cruz. Just a few researchers still believe neurodegenerative diseases are caused by viruses, ev ...
Treating Foodborne Illness - Infectious Disease Clinics of North
... in most cases.9,10 Although intestinal symptoms are self-limited, the disease can progress to hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) with potentially fatal consequences. There is no clear evidence for benefit, and some evidence for harm, with the use of antibiotics in this syndrome, which makes it importan ...
... in most cases.9,10 Although intestinal symptoms are self-limited, the disease can progress to hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) with potentially fatal consequences. There is no clear evidence for benefit, and some evidence for harm, with the use of antibiotics in this syndrome, which makes it importan ...
Viruses causing hepatitis outside the alphabet EBV, CMV, HHV6
... ¾ Hepatitis = 'inflammation of the liver' and not a single disease ...
... ¾ Hepatitis = 'inflammation of the liver' and not a single disease ...
Bioterrorism: Key Facts about Anthrax, Smallpox, Plague and Botulism
... consulted with our advisory committee and has updated the official guidance. The conclusion of the review states that: “Existing vaccines have proven efficacy but also have a high incidence of adverse side-effects. The risk of adverse events is sufficiently high that mass vaccination is not warrante ...
... consulted with our advisory committee and has updated the official guidance. The conclusion of the review states that: “Existing vaccines have proven efficacy but also have a high incidence of adverse side-effects. The risk of adverse events is sufficiently high that mass vaccination is not warrante ...
Food Safety Promotion Board
... parasite or virus, but an abnormal protein. The prions cause the appearance of small holes in the brain and this gives a sponge like appearance in the brain tissue. There is no known cure for BSE in cattle. Treatments usually used for treating or preventing bacterial infections (e.g. antibiotics) or ...
... parasite or virus, but an abnormal protein. The prions cause the appearance of small holes in the brain and this gives a sponge like appearance in the brain tissue. There is no known cure for BSE in cattle. Treatments usually used for treating or preventing bacterial infections (e.g. antibiotics) or ...
Exposure Control Plan 2017 - Walla Walla Public Schools
... A. Standard Precautions (includes universal precautions) Standard Precautions are a newer approach to infection control. Broader than universal precautions, (many state laws refer to this term) they are recommended practice for protection against transmission of Bloodborne pathogens and other infect ...
... A. Standard Precautions (includes universal precautions) Standard Precautions are a newer approach to infection control. Broader than universal precautions, (many state laws refer to this term) they are recommended practice for protection against transmission of Bloodborne pathogens and other infect ...
Primary liver cancer and chronic hepatitis B
... chronic hepatitis B16 and HCC17 in Australia. B Positive is a local program based in South-West Sydney that uses a CHB disease registry to support evidence-based and timely patient follow up and referrals. With the help of local general practitioners, 21% of enrolled participants are on antivirals a ...
... chronic hepatitis B16 and HCC17 in Australia. B Positive is a local program based in South-West Sydney that uses a CHB disease registry to support evidence-based and timely patient follow up and referrals. With the help of local general practitioners, 21% of enrolled participants are on antivirals a ...
PATHOGENICITY OF CZECH ISOLATES OF INFECTIOUS BURSAL
... compare the characteristics of the isolates using standard methods of assessment of lymphatic organs index, lesion scoring, immunosuppressive effects, and haematological parameters. Materials and Methods Chickens purchased from a controlled flock (Striped Leghorns, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague) ...
... compare the characteristics of the isolates using standard methods of assessment of lymphatic organs index, lesion scoring, immunosuppressive effects, and haematological parameters. Materials and Methods Chickens purchased from a controlled flock (Striped Leghorns, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague) ...
June 2002 - cvmbs - Colorado State University
... Spanish in the field. I remember in vivid detail the day I decided I would learn to speak Spanish: I was alone with a fresh cow in the middle of a dry lot maternity pen, carefully cleaning a prolapsed uterus before replacing it. At that moment one of the employees stopped by to check on me, and I wa ...
... Spanish in the field. I remember in vivid detail the day I decided I would learn to speak Spanish: I was alone with a fresh cow in the middle of a dry lot maternity pen, carefully cleaning a prolapsed uterus before replacing it. At that moment one of the employees stopped by to check on me, and I wa ...
Leprosy Leprosy (Hansen`s Disease)
... Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease) Leprosy is an infection caused by the bacteria, Mycobacterium leprae. The bacteria look very similar to Mycobacterium tuberculosis but leprosy is a very different disease from tuberculosis. M. leprae often affects the nerves of the hands, feet and face, and also the skin. ...
... Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease) Leprosy is an infection caused by the bacteria, Mycobacterium leprae. The bacteria look very similar to Mycobacterium tuberculosis but leprosy is a very different disease from tuberculosis. M. leprae often affects the nerves of the hands, feet and face, and also the skin. ...
Blood Transfusion and Infectious Diseases
... Therefore, other European and American countries employed similar policies on the handling of blood. In fact, when sheep were transfused with blood from other sheep that had ingested brain tissues of BSE-infected cows, one sheep developed encephalopathy similar to mad cow disease.10) This result str ...
... Therefore, other European and American countries employed similar policies on the handling of blood. In fact, when sheep were transfused with blood from other sheep that had ingested brain tissues of BSE-infected cows, one sheep developed encephalopathy similar to mad cow disease.10) This result str ...
2014 Ebola Outbreak Response West Africa
... Med 2013; 8Qiu, X et al. Nature 2014; 9Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2007; 10Geisbert, TW et al. Lancet 2010; 11Kobinger, GP et al. Virology 2006; 12Wang, D JV 2006; 13Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2011; and 14Gunther et al. JID 2011. ...
... Med 2013; 8Qiu, X et al. Nature 2014; 9Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2007; 10Geisbert, TW et al. Lancet 2010; 11Kobinger, GP et al. Virology 2006; 12Wang, D JV 2006; 13Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2011; and 14Gunther et al. JID 2011. ...
Change for Haiti - Notre Dame Haiti Program
... infected with cholera, a life-threatening intestinal disorder, and 4,000 died of the disease Even before the earthquake, many Haitian suffered from serious infectious diseases, including typhoid fever, dengue fever, malaria, and leptospirosis Half of Haitian children under age 5 have malnutritio ...
... infected with cholera, a life-threatening intestinal disorder, and 4,000 died of the disease Even before the earthquake, many Haitian suffered from serious infectious diseases, including typhoid fever, dengue fever, malaria, and leptospirosis Half of Haitian children under age 5 have malnutritio ...
GI infections, bacteria
... disease is caused by the exotoxins A+B produced by C. difficile. After dose of antibiotic, gut bacteria is altered C.difficle flourish release exotoxins that inhibit RhO protein synthesis in epithelial cell disrupts actin filaments cells shrink and cell. Mucosal translocation, intra & subm ...
... disease is caused by the exotoxins A+B produced by C. difficile. After dose of antibiotic, gut bacteria is altered C.difficle flourish release exotoxins that inhibit RhO protein synthesis in epithelial cell disrupts actin filaments cells shrink and cell. Mucosal translocation, intra & subm ...
Ebola Virus Disease
... Med 2013; 8Qiu, X et al. Nature 2014; 9Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2007; 10Geisbert, TW et al. Lancet 2010; 11Kobinger, GP et al. Virology 2006; 12Wang, D JV 2006; 13Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2011; and 14Gunther et al. JID 2011. ...
... Med 2013; 8Qiu, X et al. Nature 2014; 9Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2007; 10Geisbert, TW et al. Lancet 2010; 11Kobinger, GP et al. Virology 2006; 12Wang, D JV 2006; 13Geisbert, TW et al. JID 2011; and 14Gunther et al. JID 2011. ...
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis (also known as field fever, rat catcher's yellows, and pretibial fever among others names) is an infection caused by corkscrew-shaped bacteria called Leptospira. Symptoms can range from none to mild such as headaches, muscle pains, and fevers; to severe with bleeding from the lungs or meningitis. If the infection causes the person to turn yellow, have kidney failure and bleeding, it is then known as Weil's disease. If it causes lots of bleeding from the lungs it is known as severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome.Up to 13 different genetic types of Leptospira may cause disease in humans. It is transmitted by both wild and domestic animals. The most common animals that spread the disease are rodents. It is often transmitted by animal urine or by water or soil containing animal urine coming into contact with breaks in the skin, eyes, mouth, or nose. In the developing world the disease most commonly occurs in farmers and poor people who live in cities. In the developed world it most commonly occurs in those involved in outdoor activities in warm and wet areas of the world. Diagnosis is typically by looking for antibodies against the bacteria or finding its DNA in the blood.Efforts to prevent the disease include protective equipment to prevent contact when working with potentially infected animals, washing after this contact, and reducing rodents in areas people live and work. The antibiotic doxycycline, when used in an effort to prevent infection among travellers, is of unclear benefit. Vaccines for animals exist for certain type of Leptospira which may decrease the risk of spread to humans. Treatment if infected is with antibiotics such as: doxycycline, penicillin, or ceftriaxone. Weil's disease and severe pulmonary haemorrhage syndrome result in death rates greater than 10% and 50%, respectively, even with treatment.It is estimated that seven to ten million people are infected by leptospirosis a year. The number of deaths this causes is not clear. The disease is most common in tropical areas of the world but may occur anywhere. Outbreaks may occur in slums of the developing world. The disease was first described by Weil in 1886 in Germany. Animals who are infected may have no symptoms, mild symptoms, or severe symptoms. Symptoms may vary by the type of animal. In some animals Leptospira live in the reproductive tract, leading to transmission during mating.