Vaccines
... They can be dangerous if inactivation is not complete Antigenic variation can make them ineffective None of the above are incorrect ...
... They can be dangerous if inactivation is not complete Antigenic variation can make them ineffective None of the above are incorrect ...
BioSc321_2001_Exam_3
... Please answer 6 of the following questions 1. Shigella flexneri is a gram-negative enteric pathogen that exhibits a cell biology of infection virtually identical to Listeria monocytogenes. S. flexneri mediates actin based motility by binding to WASP, a protein that mediates actin polymerization in i ...
... Please answer 6 of the following questions 1. Shigella flexneri is a gram-negative enteric pathogen that exhibits a cell biology of infection virtually identical to Listeria monocytogenes. S. flexneri mediates actin based motility by binding to WASP, a protein that mediates actin polymerization in i ...
INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS
... Isolation and identification of virus- embryonating eggs – stunting, curled, and hemorrhagic - vaccine strains are embryo adapted and often affect embryos on the 1st or 2nd passage whereas field strains may require additional passages before ...
... Isolation and identification of virus- embryonating eggs – stunting, curled, and hemorrhagic - vaccine strains are embryo adapted and often affect embryos on the 1st or 2nd passage whereas field strains may require additional passages before ...
D. Fredricks and L. Ramakrishnan. 2006. The acetobacteraceae
... Berlin in 1882, Koch tried to convince his colleagues that a novel bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was the cause of tuberculosis [2]. The elements of Koch’s postulates are summarized in Box 1, and it is clear that the authors have left no stone unturned to fulfill these postulates to provide a ...
... Berlin in 1882, Koch tried to convince his colleagues that a novel bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, was the cause of tuberculosis [2]. The elements of Koch’s postulates are summarized in Box 1, and it is clear that the authors have left no stone unturned to fulfill these postulates to provide a ...
Immunity and How vaccines Work
... • Maternal IgG is transferred across the placenta • Passively acquired IgG from mother can suppress response to DTP, Polio, Men C and Hib vaccine for about 2 months • Maternal antibody to measles may interfere for up to a year ...
... • Maternal IgG is transferred across the placenta • Passively acquired IgG from mother can suppress response to DTP, Polio, Men C and Hib vaccine for about 2 months • Maternal antibody to measles may interfere for up to a year ...
Section 12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
... Griffith reasoned that some chemical factor was transferred from the S strain to the R strain. He called this process transformation, because one type of bacteria had been changed permanently into another. Because the ability to cause disease was inherited by the offspring of the transformed bacteri ...
... Griffith reasoned that some chemical factor was transferred from the S strain to the R strain. He called this process transformation, because one type of bacteria had been changed permanently into another. Because the ability to cause disease was inherited by the offspring of the transformed bacteri ...
Final Case Study - Cal State LA
... Blood test for organism presence Gram stain Biochemical tests Therapy is based on the strain of organism, which can have different resistances to different antibiotics Antibiotic sensitivity testing should be done on the organism, then once an effective antibiotic is found, the patient should ...
... Blood test for organism presence Gram stain Biochemical tests Therapy is based on the strain of organism, which can have different resistances to different antibiotics Antibiotic sensitivity testing should be done on the organism, then once an effective antibiotic is found, the patient should ...
Syphilis and Gonorrhea:
... seen by microscopic examination. - Rapid plasma reagin (RPR): the flocculation is seen by naked eyes. These tests measure antibodies to lipoidal material released from damaged host cells. B- Treponemal test (specific): for confirmation. Detection of anti-treponema antibodies by TPHA or FTA. ...
... seen by microscopic examination. - Rapid plasma reagin (RPR): the flocculation is seen by naked eyes. These tests measure antibodies to lipoidal material released from damaged host cells. B- Treponemal test (specific): for confirmation. Detection of anti-treponema antibodies by TPHA or FTA. ...
BACTERIAL DISEASES (OTHER THAN MYCOPLASMA)
... from one to two days. Diarrhea (sometimes with the presence of blood) may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. Generally the illness is mild and self-limited, although immunosuppressed, elderly, and young patients are particularly at risk for more severe disease. Reactive arthri ...
... from one to two days. Diarrhea (sometimes with the presence of blood) may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. Generally the illness is mild and self-limited, although immunosuppressed, elderly, and young patients are particularly at risk for more severe disease. Reactive arthri ...
Science 1.11
... – Pulmonary, the highly fatal form, is characterized by sudden, massive chest edema followed by cardiovascular shock. – Gastrointestinal, a rare but also fatal (causes death to 25%) type, results from ingestion of spores ...
... – Pulmonary, the highly fatal form, is characterized by sudden, massive chest edema followed by cardiovascular shock. – Gastrointestinal, a rare but also fatal (causes death to 25%) type, results from ingestion of spores ...
Virus chart1
... -HA is hemagglutinin glycoprotein, binds sialic acid residues on host cells like RBCs sticks out of viral outer membrane; anchored by M-proteins -NA is neuraminidase protein, cleaves mucin neuraminic acid, exposing sialic acid residues beneath so HA can bind; also anchored by M-proteins -M1 protein ...
... -HA is hemagglutinin glycoprotein, binds sialic acid residues on host cells like RBCs sticks out of viral outer membrane; anchored by M-proteins -NA is neuraminidase protein, cleaves mucin neuraminic acid, exposing sialic acid residues beneath so HA can bind; also anchored by M-proteins -M1 protein ...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
... with the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. • Symptoms appear within 2 to 10 days and consist of a yellow or bloody discharge from the vagina or discharge of a thick pus from the urethra (in males). • Infection spreads into the reproductive organs of females and the epididymis of males, and is treatab ...
... with the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. • Symptoms appear within 2 to 10 days and consist of a yellow or bloody discharge from the vagina or discharge of a thick pus from the urethra (in males). • Infection spreads into the reproductive organs of females and the epididymis of males, and is treatab ...
Staphylococci, Streptococci, Meningococci, Gonococci
... The organisms grow at temperatures ranging from 10 to 45 C. They are resistant to high temperature (e. g. withstand exposure to 60 C for half an hour). Enterococci can be grown in broth containing 6.5 per cent common salt at pH 9.6 and on blood agar containing 40 per cent bile or an equivalent am ...
... The organisms grow at temperatures ranging from 10 to 45 C. They are resistant to high temperature (e. g. withstand exposure to 60 C for half an hour). Enterococci can be grown in broth containing 6.5 per cent common salt at pH 9.6 and on blood agar containing 40 per cent bile or an equivalent am ...
Micro: Lecture 17: Gram-Positive Bacteria Study Objectives •List
... •During pregnancy and delivery…GBS may gain access to the amniotic fluid or colonize the newborn as it passes through the birth canal •About 2 cases/1,000 births in US •GBS exposed to mucus membranes and quickly spreads to the blood (lungs, CNS) •GBS capsule binds serum Factor H (binds to host cell ...
... •During pregnancy and delivery…GBS may gain access to the amniotic fluid or colonize the newborn as it passes through the birth canal •About 2 cases/1,000 births in US •GBS exposed to mucus membranes and quickly spreads to the blood (lungs, CNS) •GBS capsule binds serum Factor H (binds to host cell ...
Recombination
... Maleness in bacteria determined by a genetic factor: FERTILITY FACTOR or F FACTOR: Carries genes responsible for cell attachment and plasmid transfer during conjugation: Determines the presence of sex pili: Aids in DNA transfer Contains insertion sequences: Assist plasmid integration into host chrom ...
... Maleness in bacteria determined by a genetic factor: FERTILITY FACTOR or F FACTOR: Carries genes responsible for cell attachment and plasmid transfer during conjugation: Determines the presence of sex pili: Aids in DNA transfer Contains insertion sequences: Assist plasmid integration into host chrom ...
Microorganisms
... Protists • Parasitic protists can also cause health problems in animal species. • Malaria is an example of a parasitic protist. The protist is spread by the mosquito and then reproduces inside red blood cells, destroying the blood cell. When the blood cells are destroyed new parasites are released ...
... Protists • Parasitic protists can also cause health problems in animal species. • Malaria is an example of a parasitic protist. The protist is spread by the mosquito and then reproduces inside red blood cells, destroying the blood cell. When the blood cells are destroyed new parasites are released ...
Introduction to the use of Prophylactic Antibiotics
... infection prophylaxis in vaginal hysterectomy. In over 30 well-designed controlled studies, perioperative antibiotics have been noted to significantly decrease post-cesarean section infectious morbidity. These regimens have resulted in a reduction of infection rates by more than 50 per cent owing ma ...
... infection prophylaxis in vaginal hysterectomy. In over 30 well-designed controlled studies, perioperative antibiotics have been noted to significantly decrease post-cesarean section infectious morbidity. These regimens have resulted in a reduction of infection rates by more than 50 per cent owing ma ...
Canine Immunization Guide
... feces, or saliva) from an infected dog. Damage to the kidneys transmitted through air borne transfer of bacteria. Fever, dry and eyes can occur. hacking cough and lethargy are some of the consequences of When recommended The first dose at 8 weeks of age; then infection. Rarely, a secondar ...
... feces, or saliva) from an infected dog. Damage to the kidneys transmitted through air borne transfer of bacteria. Fever, dry and eyes can occur. hacking cough and lethargy are some of the consequences of When recommended The first dose at 8 weeks of age; then infection. Rarely, a secondar ...
Neisseria meningitidis
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Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as meningococcus, is a gram negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis. The bacterium is referred to as a coccus because it is round, and more specifically, diplococcus because of its tendency to form pairs. About 10% of adults are carrier of the bacteria in their nasopharynx. As an exclusively human pathogen it is the main cause of bacterial meningitis in children and young adults, causing developmental impairment and death in about 10% of cases. It causes the only form of bacterial meningitis known to occur epidemically, mainly in Africa and Asia.N. meningitidis is spread through saliva and respiratory secretions during coughing, sneezing, kissing, and chewing on toys. It infects the cell by sticking to it with long thin extensions called pili and the surface-exposed proteins Opa and Opc and has several virulence factors.