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Immunization 5
Immunization 5

... HBIg (0.5 ml) along with Hep B vaccine within 12 hours of birth using two separate syringes & on separate sites HBIg may be given upto 7 days of birth but the efficacy of HBIg after 48 hours is not known Two more doses of Hep B vaccine at 1 & 6 months of age If HBIg not available: Hep B vaccine at 0 ...
Bacterial Interactions with Hosts
Bacterial Interactions with Hosts

... – provide selective environments where certain species are favoured over others ...
Infection In COPD
Infection In COPD

... Airways of COPD pts chronically colonised with respiratory pathogens with no acute symptoms. Significance:Even in stable COPD pts colonizations associated with host inflammatory and immune response. Airway inflammation related to colonization if neutrophilic with IL-8 as the major mediator. IL-8 and ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)

... Acute bacterial meningitis continues to be a major public health problem. Mortality in the acute stage is high, survivors are often left with crippling neuro developmental sequelae. Prognosis is largely determined by early diagnosis and prompt institution of specific antimicrobial therapy. Pretreatm ...
From vaccine practice to vaccine science: the contribution of human
From vaccine practice to vaccine science: the contribution of human

... taken various approaches to achieving stimulation of the specific immune response. These can be broadly divided into four categories according to the type of antigen they contain: inactivated, live attenuated, subunit and virus-like particles (VLP). Inactivated vaccines use the microorganism respons ...
Required - UCR School of Medicine
Required - UCR School of Medicine

... Have you seen a doctor for any of the above? If “Yes”, which numbered item? 4. Hepatitis B vaccine: I understand that due to my occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material, I may be at risk of acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. I have been given the opportunity ...
ifpma supports the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovation
ifpma supports the coalition for epidemic preparedness innovation

Supplementry Table S1 (doc 38K)
Supplementry Table S1 (doc 38K)

... All quantitative (Q)PCR analyses were performed in triplicate. Total bacterial density was determined using a Taqman assay, in which a 466 bp fragment of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified, as described previously (Nadkarni et al 2002). P. aeruginosa density was determined using a Taqman assay ...
Pediatric Pathogens and Impact on the Adult Population
Pediatric Pathogens and Impact on the Adult Population

... Less well studied than epidemiology of RSV Estimates of symptomatic infection generally < 5%8 2001 study in the Netherlands hMPV infection rate 3% in adults with symptomatic respiratory illnesses16 2003 two year prospective study in Rochester NY9 Cohorts of young and older adults studied  4.5% of i ...
Vaccinations lesson plan - e-Bug
Vaccinations lesson plan - e-Bug

... prevents outbreaks of an infection. This is due to the inability for the disease to infect vaccinated individuals and through the inability for unvaccinated individuals to come into contact with the disease due to its decreased prevalence. It is important to maintain herd immunity as some people are ...
A hands-on approach for learning the dynamics of antibiotic resistance
A hands-on approach for learning the dynamics of antibiotic resistance

... the flu and common cold, which increases the opportunities for bacterial resistance. Sobering studies from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention have shown that 25 to 50 percent of all outpatient prescriptions are inappropriate. Another common medical misuse of antibiotics is the patient how ...
Unit 3 – Overview of TB Disease - I-Tech
Unit 3 – Overview of TB Disease - I-Tech

... Reactivation of TB (2) • Latent infection can reactivate, causing active TB disease • Reactivation occurs when the immune system weakens and the TB bacteria multiplies • TB bacteria and dead cells in the airway will cause a person to cough • Higher proportion of smear-negative PTB in PLWHA Unit 3: ...
Pre-school immunisations - A guide to vaccinations from 2 to 5 years
Pre-school immunisations - A guide to vaccinations from 2 to 5 years

... infections. Your child needs a second dose of MMR because the vaccine doesn’t always work fully the first time. Some children who have only one dose of the vaccine might not be protected against one or more of the diseases. Two doses of the MMR vaccine are routinely given across Europe as well as in ...
Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes

... their guts to break down the cellulose. This is a mutualistic relationship  Mutualism - when both organisms benefit from the relationship.  Bacteria can also use flagella to move ...
Oral antibiotics for ear infections
Oral antibiotics for ear infections

... antibiotics for middle-ear infections, especially when they have severe ear pain or high fever. • Children with ear tubes should take oral antibiotics if:  They are very ill.  They have another reason to be on an antibiotic.  The infection doesn’t go away with eardr ...
Lesson 8.Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection
Lesson 8.Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection

... infectious diseases in healthy individuals. Due to the success of vaccination, antibiotics, and effective public health measures, until recently, epidemics were felt to be a thing of the past. Due to the development of antibiotic resistant organisms, this situation is changing rapidly. All humans ar ...
Antibiotics: Potential Harms - Canadian Pharmacists Association
Antibiotics: Potential Harms - Canadian Pharmacists Association

...  Contraceptive failure/drug interaction? Although this is thought to be unlikely, there is a small but real risk & a backup birth control method is always recommended. ...
Antibiotics: Potential Harms
Antibiotics: Potential Harms

...  Contraceptive failure/drug interaction? Although this is thought to be unlikely, there is a small but real risk & a backup birth control method is always recommended. ...
Slides Part Two - Rowan University
Slides Part Two - Rowan University

... • Altered level of consciousness, respiratory symptoms, and seizures are more often found in elderly patients when compared with younger individuals. • Among elderly patients admitted with meningitis, risk factors for death were found to be age over 60 years, obtunded mental status on admission, and ...
Call to Action: Addressing New and Ongoing Adolescent
Call to Action: Addressing New and Ongoing Adolescent

... But according to the National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen), uptake of these vaccines is uneven, with some adolescent vaccination rates below Healthy People 2020 goals.3-5 Compared to the high coverage achieved for Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis) and the first dose of MenACWY (mening ...
Definitions - Critical Care Canada Forum
Definitions - Critical Care Canada Forum

... developed from which pathogenic bacteria, constantly or periodically, invade the blood stream in such a way that this causes subjective and objective symptoms." ...
HUMAN BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE (PART III) What is the function of
HUMAN BIOLOGY STUDY GUIDE (PART III) What is the function of

... 1. What is the function of the immune system? 2. What does the lymphatic system do? 3. White blood cells (also called __________________) are made in the _____________ ____________, stored in the ___________________, and mature in the ____________________. 4. Where in the body do white blood cells c ...
TERRAMYCIN® OPHTHALMIC OINTMENT
TERRAMYCIN® OPHTHALMIC OINTMENT

... Versatile antibiotic ointment with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. ...
Varicella Infection
Varicella Infection

... • If exposed >90 days before the diagnosis, treat presumptively if the serologic test result is not immediately available and follow up is uncertain • Long term partners of patients with late latent syphilis should be evaluated clinically and serologically and treat on the basis of ...
Communicable Disease Reference Chart
Communicable Disease Reference Chart

... Communicable Disease Reference Chart The following chart contains information and public health recommendations for various communicable diseases in schools and other group activity settings. Exclude children and staff suspected of having a communicable disease until a qualified diagnosis has been m ...
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Neisseria meningitidis



Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as meningococcus, is a gram negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis. The bacterium is referred to as a coccus because it is round, and more specifically, diplococcus because of its tendency to form pairs. About 10% of adults are carrier of the bacteria in their nasopharynx. As an exclusively human pathogen it is the main cause of bacterial meningitis in children and young adults, causing developmental impairment and death in about 10% of cases. It causes the only form of bacterial meningitis known to occur epidemically, mainly in Africa and Asia.N. meningitidis is spread through saliva and respiratory secretions during coughing, sneezing, kissing, and chewing on toys. It infects the cell by sticking to it with long thin extensions called pili and the surface-exposed proteins Opa and Opc and has several virulence factors.
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