1 - Whitman People
... decreases and, for a given level of employment, the unemployment rate will fall. The discouraged-worker effect, therefore, reduces the unemployment rate and causes the official unemployment to understate the "true" level of unemployment. Difficulty:M ...
... decreases and, for a given level of employment, the unemployment rate will fall. The discouraged-worker effect, therefore, reduces the unemployment rate and causes the official unemployment to understate the "true" level of unemployment. Difficulty:M ...
How Should the Foreign-directed Enterprises Face the Impact of RMB Appreciation?
... friction, stabilize the world economic conditions and balance China’s international incomes and expenses? All the above problems should be solved when China government deals with international multi-party economic and trade relations and stabilize domestic economic conditions. In the above-mentioned ...
... friction, stabilize the world economic conditions and balance China’s international incomes and expenses? All the above problems should be solved when China government deals with international multi-party economic and trade relations and stabilize domestic economic conditions. In the above-mentioned ...
Macroeconomic Review April 2017 Vol XVI Issue 1
... Although G3 GDP growth declined to 1.8% q-o-q SAAR in Q4 2016, from 2.3% in Q3, this was mainly on account of a pullback in the US economy after a one-off export-led surge. Abstracting from quarterly fluctuations, average G3 growth in H2 2016 (2.1%) was higher than in H1 (1.6%). Led by the US, the G ...
... Although G3 GDP growth declined to 1.8% q-o-q SAAR in Q4 2016, from 2.3% in Q3, this was mainly on account of a pullback in the US economy after a one-off export-led surge. Abstracting from quarterly fluctuations, average G3 growth in H2 2016 (2.1%) was higher than in H1 (1.6%). Led by the US, the G ...
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF)
... Delong (1999) contends that deflation does more macroeconomic damage than an equal and opposite amount of inflation. He argues that deflation generates high real interest rates due to the fact that the nominal interest rate has a lower bound at zero. This means that nominal interest rates can not fa ...
... Delong (1999) contends that deflation does more macroeconomic damage than an equal and opposite amount of inflation. He argues that deflation generates high real interest rates due to the fact that the nominal interest rate has a lower bound at zero. This means that nominal interest rates can not fa ...
money market
... © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Principles of Economics 9e by Case, Fair and Oster ...
... © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Principles of Economics 9e by Case, Fair and Oster ...
** Macroeconomic Stability of Centralized and Decentralized Exchange: Anthropological Data ** This paper revisits an anthropological and historical data set I used years ago, and tests implications about macro-economic stability. It is a companion piece to the "Reciprocal Networks" piece mentioned in the previous section.
... It can be shown (Stodder 1995a) that the major constraint on iS and iM is that each should be only slightly larger than its respective long term rates of physical depreciation -- for all Storehouse goods, πS , and the Monetary good, πM -- in order to gradually build up the necessary level of invento ...
... It can be shown (Stodder 1995a) that the major constraint on iS and iM is that each should be only slightly larger than its respective long term rates of physical depreciation -- for all Storehouse goods, πS , and the Monetary good, πM -- in order to gradually build up the necessary level of invento ...
Current account imbalances in the Euro area
... “euro holiday” (Sinn and Sell, 2012). Such a temporary exit from the common currency would allow these countries to restore price competitiveness via an exchange rate devaluation. Yet the actual rebalancing that has occurred so far since the financial crisis does not seem to be fully in line with th ...
... “euro holiday” (Sinn and Sell, 2012). Such a temporary exit from the common currency would allow these countries to restore price competitiveness via an exchange rate devaluation. Yet the actual rebalancing that has occurred so far since the financial crisis does not seem to be fully in line with th ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES ISSUES CONCERNING NOMINAL ANCHORS FOR MONETARY POLICY Robert Flood
... of the countries' inflation target and the nominal systems in those countries inherit properties of the underlying nominal anchor. Before WWII and the great depression many countries adhered to a commodity standard, on and off, with the gold/silver standard the best-known example. During this period ...
... of the countries' inflation target and the nominal systems in those countries inherit properties of the underlying nominal anchor. Before WWII and the great depression many countries adhered to a commodity standard, on and off, with the gold/silver standard the best-known example. During this period ...
Document
... 13. The time between the perceived need for a policy change and its ultimate affect on the economy is called the transmission lag. Ans: False Dif: M 14. The transmission lag can last well over a year. Ans: True Dif: E 15. It is likely that the practice of discretionary monetary policy pushes up a na ...
... 13. The time between the perceived need for a policy change and its ultimate affect on the economy is called the transmission lag. Ans: False Dif: M 14. The transmission lag can last well over a year. Ans: True Dif: E 15. It is likely that the practice of discretionary monetary policy pushes up a na ...
Interest Rate Rules and Equilibrium Stability
... in hours worked, lower markups due to deep habits, and high inflation as the firms adjust prices to get to their wanted markups. But an interest rate rule that has απ > 1, will generate high real interest rate along the adjustment path and imply lower consumption and investment relative to steady st ...
... in hours worked, lower markups due to deep habits, and high inflation as the firms adjust prices to get to their wanted markups. But an interest rate rule that has απ > 1, will generate high real interest rate along the adjustment path and imply lower consumption and investment relative to steady st ...
Jacob A. Frenkel Joshua Aizenman Working Paper No. 1329
... 3More precisely, when prices are stochastic, uncovered interest parity holds only as an approximation due to Jensen's inequality. This approximation is valid for small values of the variance of the stochastic shock to prices; see Frerike]. and Razin (1980). ...
... 3More precisely, when prices are stochastic, uncovered interest parity holds only as an approximation due to Jensen's inequality. This approximation is valid for small values of the variance of the stochastic shock to prices; see Frerike]. and Razin (1980). ...
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... b. exports finished goods for sale in another country c. imports raw materials from another country d. has a manufacturing representative in another country ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: TYPE: Fact LOC: Understand the role of the finance function ...
... b. exports finished goods for sale in another country c. imports raw materials from another country d. has a manufacturing representative in another country ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: TYPE: Fact LOC: Understand the role of the finance function ...
Chapter 25 International Diversification
... • Clearly, U.S. stocks do not comprise a fully diversified equity portfolio. • International investing provides greater diversification opportunities. • It also carries some special risks. ...
... • Clearly, U.S. stocks do not comprise a fully diversified equity portfolio. • International investing provides greater diversification opportunities. • It also carries some special risks. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Geert Bekaert Min Wei
... expected to depreciate. It also predicts that, ceteris paribus, a real interest rate increase should appreciate the currency. UIRP is one of the cornerstones of international nance, constituting an important building block of most important exchange rate determination theories such as the monetary ...
... expected to depreciate. It also predicts that, ceteris paribus, a real interest rate increase should appreciate the currency. UIRP is one of the cornerstones of international nance, constituting an important building block of most important exchange rate determination theories such as the monetary ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES FISCAL VERSUS NET CAPITAL FLOW CONCERNS
... outflows to manage the concerns posed by surging NKI for fear of losing these revenues, but may find it easier to liberalize when there are no revenues to be lost. In fact, EMEs did liberalize outflow policy substantially in the 2000's. Most of the outflow liberalizations took place in the years of ...
... outflows to manage the concerns posed by surging NKI for fear of losing these revenues, but may find it easier to liberalize when there are no revenues to be lost. In fact, EMEs did liberalize outflow policy substantially in the 2000's. Most of the outflow liberalizations took place in the years of ...
Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a Liquidity Trap:
... of interest significantly deviates from a normal level. This is as if a central bank “borrows” future monetary easing in the periods when current monetary easing is exhausted. This idea of borrowing future easing has been discussed not only in the academic arena, but also in the policy-making proces ...
... of interest significantly deviates from a normal level. This is as if a central bank “borrows” future monetary easing in the periods when current monetary easing is exhausted. This idea of borrowing future easing has been discussed not only in the academic arena, but also in the policy-making proces ...
Market coupling - Houmoller Consulting ApS
... Unfortunately, instead the Nord Pool Spot recalculation still takes place Now with some information on the German and Dutch bids feed to the Nord Pool Spot software. This is the so-called Iceberg solution • ”Iceberg” as the German/Dutch market situation is only partly visible for the Nord Pool ...
... Unfortunately, instead the Nord Pool Spot recalculation still takes place Now with some information on the German and Dutch bids feed to the Nord Pool Spot software. This is the so-called Iceberg solution • ”Iceberg” as the German/Dutch market situation is only partly visible for the Nord Pool ...
Chapter 7
... Chapter Summary • Real business cycle theory attempts to use this chapter’s model to account for not just changes in the short-run composition of real GDP but changes in the short-run level of real GDP as well – it may be (and it may not be) a good theory for booms, but it is hard to see how it cou ...
... Chapter Summary • Real business cycle theory attempts to use this chapter’s model to account for not just changes in the short-run composition of real GDP but changes in the short-run level of real GDP as well – it may be (and it may not be) a good theory for booms, but it is hard to see how it cou ...
Slide 1
... The average price, P, doubles The economy-wide nominal wage rate, w, also doubles as before. These changes leave unchanged the real variables in the economy. The real variables now include not only the economy-wide real wage rate, w/P, but also the ratio of each firm’s price to the average p ...
... The average price, P, doubles The economy-wide nominal wage rate, w, also doubles as before. These changes leave unchanged the real variables in the economy. The real variables now include not only the economy-wide real wage rate, w/P, but also the ratio of each firm’s price to the average p ...
Did the Indian capital controls work as a tool of macroeconomic
... higher investment, foster the diversification of investment risk and contribute to the development of financial markets. At the same time, for emerging economies, financial integration can create macroeconomic vulnerability with episodes of capital surge and reversals. A surge of capital inflows can ...
... higher investment, foster the diversification of investment risk and contribute to the development of financial markets. At the same time, for emerging economies, financial integration can create macroeconomic vulnerability with episodes of capital surge and reversals. A surge of capital inflows can ...
Exchange rate
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In finance, an exchange rate (also known as a foreign-exchange rate, forex rate, FX rate or Agio) between two currencies is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another. It is also regarded as the value of one country’s currency in terms of another currency. For example, an interbank exchange rate of 119 Japanese yen (JPY, ¥) to the United States dollar (US$) means that ¥119 will be exchanged for each US$1 or that US$1 will be exchanged for each ¥119. In this case it is said that the price of a dollar in terms of yen is ¥119, or equivalently that the price of a yen in terms of dollars is $1/119.Exchange rates are determined in the foreign exchange market, which is open to a wide range of different types of buyers and sellers where currency trading is continuous: 24 hours a day except weekends, i.e. trading from 20:15 GMT on Sunday until 22:00 GMT Friday. The spot exchange rate refers to the current exchange rate. The forward exchange rate refers to an exchange rate that is quoted and traded today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date.In the retail currency exchange market, a different buying rate and selling rate will be quoted by money dealers. Most trades are to or from the local currency. The buying rate is the rate at which money dealers will buy foreign currency, and the selling rate is the rate at which they will sell the currency. The quoted rates will incorporate an allowance for a dealer's margin (or profit) in trading, or else the margin may be recovered in the form of a commission or in some other way. Different rates may also be quoted for cash (usually notes only), a documentary form (such as traveler's cheques) or electronically (such as a credit card purchase). The higher rate on documentary transactions has been justified to compensate for the additional time and cost of clearing the document, while the cash is available for resale immediately. Some dealers on the other hand prefer documentary transactions because of the security concerns with cash.