Dilution-Controlled Quantum Criticality in Rare-Earth Nickelates J.V. Alvarez, H. Rieger, and A. Zheludev
... systems. We show that the ordering temperature is a universal function of xch if x 1. In addition, we derive an effective model for the critical modes, discussing whether the system is ordered down to zero concentration x or can support a quantum critical point. Model.—A microscopic model for Rx ...
... systems. We show that the ordering temperature is a universal function of xch if x 1. In addition, we derive an effective model for the critical modes, discussing whether the system is ordered down to zero concentration x or can support a quantum critical point. Model.—A microscopic model for Rx ...
Superluminal Quantum Models of the Photon and Electron
... In 1925, Werner Heisenberg introduced matrix mechanics to describe what is observable about radiation from atoms – light frequencies and intensities. In 1926, Erwin Schrodinger in introduced wave mechanics to predict the observed energy levels of atoms based on electron wave properties. The two theo ...
... In 1925, Werner Heisenberg introduced matrix mechanics to describe what is observable about radiation from atoms – light frequencies and intensities. In 1926, Erwin Schrodinger in introduced wave mechanics to predict the observed energy levels of atoms based on electron wave properties. The two theo ...
A short introduction to unitary 2-designs
... years. Many mathematical and physical structures, such as Latin squares, affine and projective planes, mutually unbiased bases, error correcting codes, and so much more, can be ultimately be shown to be some type of design. In most of these cases, the associated designs are combinatorial designs. Th ...
... years. Many mathematical and physical structures, such as Latin squares, affine and projective planes, mutually unbiased bases, error correcting codes, and so much more, can be ultimately be shown to be some type of design. In most of these cases, the associated designs are combinatorial designs. Th ...
Quantum Numbers, Orbitals, and Probability Patterns
... in this atom. Keep in mind that this image represents an atom with a single electron. The dots do not represent different electrons; the dots are positions where the single electron can be found at different times. From this image, it is clear that the electron spends more time near the nucleus than ...
... in this atom. Keep in mind that this image represents an atom with a single electron. The dots do not represent different electrons; the dots are positions where the single electron can be found at different times. From this image, it is clear that the electron spends more time near the nucleus than ...
Proton tunneling in hydrogen bonds and its possible implications in
... that requires a chemical equilibrium of the different isomer forms or so-called tautomers, which differ only in the locations of their protons. A putative tautomerization event is shown in Fig. 2. To reduce complexity, a substrate (S) is assumed to be converted to a product (P) only by the movement ...
... that requires a chemical equilibrium of the different isomer forms or so-called tautomers, which differ only in the locations of their protons. A putative tautomerization event is shown in Fig. 2. To reduce complexity, a substrate (S) is assumed to be converted to a product (P) only by the movement ...
Chapter 3
... The subject then happened to arise in conversation between Schrodinger and Debye. Both professed not to have understood the work. Result: Debye proposed that Schrödinger should give a colloquium about it! This he did in November or December 1925 as one of their current joint E.T.H.-University series ...
... The subject then happened to arise in conversation between Schrodinger and Debye. Both professed not to have understood the work. Result: Debye proposed that Schrödinger should give a colloquium about it! This he did in November or December 1925 as one of their current joint E.T.H.-University series ...
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... optional text box following the multiple choice response. These open-‐ended responses were coded into five categories through an emergent coding scheme. [25] [Table I] The distribution of responses f ...
... optional text box following the multiple choice response. These open-‐ended responses were coded into five categories through an emergent coding scheme. [25] [Table I] The distribution of responses f ...
Simple Resonance Hierarchy for Surmounting Quantum Uncertainty
... noetic aspects of the continuous-state symmetry breaking of spacetime topology which requires further extension to include action of the noetic unitary field in additional dimensions. The Noetic Field [32,33,38-51] produces periodic symmetry vari-ations with long-range coherence [35-37] that can le ...
... noetic aspects of the continuous-state symmetry breaking of spacetime topology which requires further extension to include action of the noetic unitary field in additional dimensions. The Noetic Field [32,33,38-51] produces periodic symmetry vari-ations with long-range coherence [35-37] that can le ...
The Light of Existence
... arrive on earth at different times by different paths, but are still in lock-step order for each path. This maintains causality, as if one photon could overtake another one could see an object arrive before it left! Temporal causality requires photons to stay in sequence and the grid’s cycles rigoro ...
... arrive on earth at different times by different paths, but are still in lock-step order for each path. This maintains causality, as if one photon could overtake another one could see an object arrive before it left! Temporal causality requires photons to stay in sequence and the grid’s cycles rigoro ...
From Quantum theory to Quantum theology: Abstract J
... reality and that it even plays a part in creating reality (Polkinghome 1989:60-69). The mysteries and puzzles of our quantum world are numerous (cf Penrose 1989: 225-301). For the purpose of this paper I will confine myself to one more. In 1935 the EPR-experiment8 was conducted. The name comes from ...
... reality and that it even plays a part in creating reality (Polkinghome 1989:60-69). The mysteries and puzzles of our quantum world are numerous (cf Penrose 1989: 225-301). For the purpose of this paper I will confine myself to one more. In 1935 the EPR-experiment8 was conducted. The name comes from ...
What is reality? - Brian Whitworth
... along came a theory of quantum states that perfectly predict physical events and a theory that time and space contract and dilate to keep the speed of light constant. Figure 1. Scientific realities emerge from physical reality What it all means, if anything, has been disputed for a century, and the ...
... along came a theory of quantum states that perfectly predict physical events and a theory that time and space contract and dilate to keep the speed of light constant. Figure 1. Scientific realities emerge from physical reality What it all means, if anything, has been disputed for a century, and the ...
Macroscopicity of Mechanical Quantum Superposition States
... distinct mechanical states are turned rapidly into mixtures. The operational description of quantum theory, based on the state operator ρ, its completely positive and trace-preserving time evolution, and a consistent rule of assigning probabilities to measurements [19], allows one to treat (nonrelat ...
... distinct mechanical states are turned rapidly into mixtures. The operational description of quantum theory, based on the state operator ρ, its completely positive and trace-preserving time evolution, and a consistent rule of assigning probabilities to measurements [19], allows one to treat (nonrelat ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.