Spectral Analysis of Nonrelativistic Quantum Electrodynamics
... (2.) Resonances. To develop an appropriate framework for a theory of resonances of Hg , to apply this theory to Hg , and to prove that the embedded excited energies turn into resonances with corresponding metastable states of finite life-time. → See theorems 4.3 and 4.5, below. ...
... (2.) Resonances. To develop an appropriate framework for a theory of resonances of Hg , to apply this theory to Hg , and to prove that the embedded excited energies turn into resonances with corresponding metastable states of finite life-time. → See theorems 4.3 and 4.5, below. ...
Eigenstates of a small Josephson junction coupled to a resonant... W. A. Al-Saidi and D. Stroud
... can be externally controlled. Indeed, several recent experiments have demonstrated that such a system can be placed in a coherent superposition of two macroscopic quantum states. The experiments have involved small superconducting loops, and also so-called Cooper pair boxes. In the former case, it w ...
... can be externally controlled. Indeed, several recent experiments have demonstrated that such a system can be placed in a coherent superposition of two macroscopic quantum states. The experiments have involved small superconducting loops, and also so-called Cooper pair boxes. In the former case, it w ...
Direct Measurement of Topological Numbers with
... Topological numbers were first introduced by Dirac to justify the quantization of electric charge [1], and later developed into a theory of magnetic monopoles as topological defects of a gauge field [2]. An amazing fact is that fundamental quantized entities may be deduced from a continuum theory [3 ...
... Topological numbers were first introduced by Dirac to justify the quantization of electric charge [1], and later developed into a theory of magnetic monopoles as topological defects of a gauge field [2]. An amazing fact is that fundamental quantized entities may be deduced from a continuum theory [3 ...
Quantum refrigerators and the third law of thermodynamics
... of axioms. However, one of the first developments, namely Planck’s law, which led to the basics of quantum theory, was achieved thanks to consistency with thermodynamics. Einstein, following the ideas of Planck on blackbody radiation, quantized the electromagnetic field [1]. With the establishment o ...
... of axioms. However, one of the first developments, namely Planck’s law, which led to the basics of quantum theory, was achieved thanks to consistency with thermodynamics. Einstein, following the ideas of Planck on blackbody radiation, quantized the electromagnetic field [1]. With the establishment o ...
"Rovelli's World"
... as observer without renouncing the postulate that all systems are equivalent, then the same kind of processes—“collapse”—that happens between an electron and a CERN machine, may also happen between an electron and another electron. Observers are not “physically special systems” in any sense. We must ...
... as observer without renouncing the postulate that all systems are equivalent, then the same kind of processes—“collapse”—that happens between an electron and a CERN machine, may also happen between an electron and another electron. Observers are not “physically special systems” in any sense. We must ...
Phase-controlled localization and directed
... been observed in different systems [9–12]. Generally, the dynamical localization (DL) refers to the phenomenon wherein a particle initially localized in a lattice can transport within a finite distance and periodically return to its original state. There has been growing interest in the quantum cont ...
... been observed in different systems [9–12]. Generally, the dynamical localization (DL) refers to the phenomenon wherein a particle initially localized in a lattice can transport within a finite distance and periodically return to its original state. There has been growing interest in the quantum cont ...
ppt
... • Idea: given y=f(x) plug it in some place in g and generate the rest of the locations at random z=(y, f(x2), …, f(xq(n))) • Ask machine A to invert g at point z • Probability of success should be at least (exactly) A’s Probability of inverting g at a random point • Once is not enough • How to ampli ...
... • Idea: given y=f(x) plug it in some place in g and generate the rest of the locations at random z=(y, f(x2), …, f(xq(n))) • Ask machine A to invert g at point z • Probability of success should be at least (exactly) A’s Probability of inverting g at a random point • Once is not enough • How to ampli ...
Multipartite entanglement of hot trapped ions
... describing N ions which are all in the (same) internal state g or e. The unique correlation between different particles in such an entangled state is a significant nonclassical feature of quantum mechanics. Entangled states with two particles have been employed to test Bell’s inequality and to rule ...
... describing N ions which are all in the (same) internal state g or e. The unique correlation between different particles in such an entangled state is a significant nonclassical feature of quantum mechanics. Entangled states with two particles have been employed to test Bell’s inequality and to rule ...
An Introduction to the Mathematical Aspects of Quantum Mechanics:
... Since we use Fourier transform to describe the probabilities concerning the momentum, it will be helpful to recall some properties of this integral transformation. We use Fourier transform here without too much concern on the conditions that f (x) must satisfy in order that the transforated function ...
... Since we use Fourier transform to describe the probabilities concerning the momentum, it will be helpful to recall some properties of this integral transformation. We use Fourier transform here without too much concern on the conditions that f (x) must satisfy in order that the transforated function ...
IPSec
... IPSec is an abbreviation for IP security, which is used to transfer data securely over unprotected networks like “Internet”. It acts at the networks layer and is part of IPv6. The protocol/process is as follows : Sender encrypts packets before sending them on the network. Receiver authenti ...
... IPSec is an abbreviation for IP security, which is used to transfer data securely over unprotected networks like “Internet”. It acts at the networks layer and is part of IPv6. The protocol/process is as follows : Sender encrypts packets before sending them on the network. Receiver authenti ...
IOSR Journal of Mathematics (IOSR-JM)
... many ways that quantum physicists have attempted to come to terms with this conflict (see, for example, Bell 1966, Bohm 1951, Rae 1994, Polkinghorne 2002, Penrose 2004). It was shown in my previous published paper (The Complex Model Of The Quantum Universe) in which indicates the large or small matt ...
... many ways that quantum physicists have attempted to come to terms with this conflict (see, for example, Bell 1966, Bohm 1951, Rae 1994, Polkinghorne 2002, Penrose 2004). It was shown in my previous published paper (The Complex Model Of The Quantum Universe) in which indicates the large or small matt ...
![arXiv:0905.2946v1 [cond-mat.str-el] 18 May 2009](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003310684_1-f6852d9094cc4ebe5853c88b867e67b0-300x300.png)
arXiv:0905.2946v1 [cond-mat.str-el] 18 May 2009
... To detect topological order, we turn to the entanglement spectrum shown in Fig. 3. We label the quasiparticle eigenvalues {ǫn } by discrete angular momenta ℓ = 0, π2 , π, 3π 2 , describing the transformation properties under the point group of the square lattice. Under a rotation by π2 , the quasi-p ...
... To detect topological order, we turn to the entanglement spectrum shown in Fig. 3. We label the quasiparticle eigenvalues {ǫn } by discrete angular momenta ℓ = 0, π2 , π, 3π 2 , describing the transformation properties under the point group of the square lattice. Under a rotation by π2 , the quasi-p ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.