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... fermions and bosons. The former obey Pauli’s exclusion principle, which is usually stated informally as No two can be in the same state. At first blush, then, the above dilemma would not apply to them. Pauli introduced the exclusion principle originally for electrons in a description of atomic struc ...
... fermions and bosons. The former obey Pauli’s exclusion principle, which is usually stated informally as No two can be in the same state. At first blush, then, the above dilemma would not apply to them. Pauli introduced the exclusion principle originally for electrons in a description of atomic struc ...
TiberCAD: towards multiscale simulation of optoelectronic devices
... The linear system is solved by means of iterative solvers (bi-conjugate gradient with ILU preconditioning), using the open-source library PETSc ...
... The linear system is solved by means of iterative solvers (bi-conjugate gradient with ILU preconditioning), using the open-source library PETSc ...
Validity of Semiclassical Gravity in the Stochastic Gravity Approach
... Semiclassical gravity describes the interaction of the gravitational field as a classical field with quantum matter fields. For a free quantum field this theory is robust in the sense that it is consistent and fairly well understood [1, 2]. The gravitational field is described by the semiclassical E ...
... Semiclassical gravity describes the interaction of the gravitational field as a classical field with quantum matter fields. For a free quantum field this theory is robust in the sense that it is consistent and fairly well understood [1, 2]. The gravitational field is described by the semiclassical E ...
Spin-Orbit Coupling for Photons and Polaritons in
... of the total intensity emitted by each level, with maxima located at the center of each micropillar, as expected from the tight-binding calculation, Eq. (2). The phase structure of the eigenmodes can be accessed by performing interferometric measurements in the following way [35]. The photoluminesce ...
... of the total intensity emitted by each level, with maxima located at the center of each micropillar, as expected from the tight-binding calculation, Eq. (2). The phase structure of the eigenmodes can be accessed by performing interferometric measurements in the following way [35]. The photoluminesce ...
Quantum Field Theory Frank Wilczek
... from our further discussion below. The eld concept came to dominate physics starting with the work of Faraday in the mid-nineteenth century. Its conceptual advantage over the earlier Newtonian program of physics, to formulate the fundamental laws in terms of forces among atomic particles, emerges w ...
... from our further discussion below. The eld concept came to dominate physics starting with the work of Faraday in the mid-nineteenth century. Its conceptual advantage over the earlier Newtonian program of physics, to formulate the fundamental laws in terms of forces among atomic particles, emerges w ...
Time-Space Efficient Simulations of Quantum Computations
... a mechanism to support random access; our quantum model should also have such a mechanism. Intermediate measurements. Unlike the previous two issues, intermediate measurements are specific to the quantum setting. In time-bounded quantum computations, it is customary to assume that all measurements o ...
... a mechanism to support random access; our quantum model should also have such a mechanism. Intermediate measurements. Unlike the previous two issues, intermediate measurements are specific to the quantum setting. In time-bounded quantum computations, it is customary to assume that all measurements o ...
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... We consider entanglement as a dynamic property of quantum states and examine its behavior in time and space. Some interesting findings: (1) adding more noise helps fight phase-noise disentanglement, and (2) high entanglement induces spatial localization, equivalent to a quantum memory force. • Ting ...
... We consider entanglement as a dynamic property of quantum states and examine its behavior in time and space. Some interesting findings: (1) adding more noise helps fight phase-noise disentanglement, and (2) high entanglement induces spatial localization, equivalent to a quantum memory force. • Ting ...
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... the other hand, R scales as cos P1/2 [see Eq. (29)]: this is the same result obtained in the free-space propagation [1,2], apart from the cos factor that takes into account the decrease in longitudinal propagation speed of the field due to the reflections at the waveguide walls. All the results ...
... the other hand, R scales as cos P1/2 [see Eq. (29)]: this is the same result obtained in the free-space propagation [1,2], apart from the cos factor that takes into account the decrease in longitudinal propagation speed of the field due to the reflections at the waveguide walls. All the results ...
An Introduction To Resource Theories (Example: Nonuniformity
... cannot increase with u. This means, that the Lorenz curve of x is found on or above the dashed line: If the real curve had a point below the dashed line, then the slope in that point must be smaller than that of the dashed line (because the slope cannot increase, but it has to be smaller than that o ...
... cannot increase with u. This means, that the Lorenz curve of x is found on or above the dashed line: If the real curve had a point below the dashed line, then the slope in that point must be smaller than that of the dashed line (because the slope cannot increase, but it has to be smaller than that o ...
Reply to criticism of the ‘Orch OR qubit’ – ‘Orchestrated... reduction’ is scientifically justified
... Ambient energy, electric fields and mechanical vibrations pump coherence (as occurs in photosynthesis, and as suggested by Fröhlich). Most importantly, apparent quantum coherence up to 10−4 s has been shown by Bandyopadhyay’s group [10,11] to occur in single microtubules at warm temperature, which m ...
... Ambient energy, electric fields and mechanical vibrations pump coherence (as occurs in photosynthesis, and as suggested by Fröhlich). Most importantly, apparent quantum coherence up to 10−4 s has been shown by Bandyopadhyay’s group [10,11] to occur in single microtubules at warm temperature, which m ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.