Inherent Properties and Statistics with Individual Particles in
... be disputed, for example by claiming that classical systems obeying Bose-Einstein statistics are both theoretically and, it seems, practically possible (see, for instance, Gottesman, 2007). However, it looks as though a general distinction can in fact be drawn meaningfully on the basis of what is th ...
... be disputed, for example by claiming that classical systems obeying Bose-Einstein statistics are both theoretically and, it seems, practically possible (see, for instance, Gottesman, 2007). However, it looks as though a general distinction can in fact be drawn meaningfully on the basis of what is th ...
First Reading Assignment
... particle !photon" aspect. I can think of no more direct illustration of this view than Figs. 1 and 2. Another important misconception is that the wave pattern is caused by Newtonian-like forces between different photons and thus arises only when large numbers of photons are simultaneously present in ...
... particle !photon" aspect. I can think of no more direct illustration of this view than Figs. 1 and 2. Another important misconception is that the wave pattern is caused by Newtonian-like forces between different photons and thus arises only when large numbers of photons are simultaneously present in ...
14-Wireless-Security - Communications Systems Center
... Atlanta Journal-Constitution Staff Writer (Bill Corbitt) sits in his car in the short-term parking lot at an airport eating a sandwich, a Pringles can balanced on the dashboard. After Corbitt left Hartsfield Airport, he located more than 100 wireless networks in an hour of driving around Atlanta. He ...
... Atlanta Journal-Constitution Staff Writer (Bill Corbitt) sits in his car in the short-term parking lot at an airport eating a sandwich, a Pringles can balanced on the dashboard. After Corbitt left Hartsfield Airport, he located more than 100 wireless networks in an hour of driving around Atlanta. He ...
How Many Query Superpositions Are Needed to Learn?
... corresponds a subset of Bn so-called consistent set and denoted by σqa . Functions in σqa are said to be consistent with tuple (q, a). In the learning game defined by protocol P , answer a to query q provides the information that the target function belongs to σqa . We also denote by Σq the set of ...
... corresponds a subset of Bn so-called consistent set and denoted by σqa . Functions in σqa are said to be consistent with tuple (q, a). In the learning game defined by protocol P , answer a to query q provides the information that the target function belongs to σqa . We also denote by Σq the set of ...
QUANTUM ALGORITHMS FOR ELEMENT DISTINCTNESS∗ 1
... compare those two values. Accordingly, the existence of a quantum algorithm that finds a claw using T comparisons implies the existence of a quantum algorithm that finds a claw using O(T ) function-evaluations. However, also our lower bounds on the complexity of claw-finding remain essentially the s ...
... compare those two values. Accordingly, the existence of a quantum algorithm that finds a claw using T comparisons implies the existence of a quantum algorithm that finds a claw using O(T ) function-evaluations. However, also our lower bounds on the complexity of claw-finding remain essentially the s ...
PES Topography
... Add much wider functions to describe weakly bound electrons and/or Rydberg states ...
... Add much wider functions to describe weakly bound electrons and/or Rydberg states ...
Trionic optical potential for electrons in semiconductors ARTICLES *
... trion level structure allows spin-up electrons to respond only to right-handed photons, whereas spin-down electrons see only left-handed photons (see Supplementary Fig. S5). This means that the trionic optical potentials for spin-up and spin-down electrons, generated by left- and right-circularly po ...
... trion level structure allows spin-up electrons to respond only to right-handed photons, whereas spin-down electrons see only left-handed photons (see Supplementary Fig. S5). This means that the trionic optical potentials for spin-up and spin-down electrons, generated by left- and right-circularly po ...
QB abstracts compiled 160613
... Conway and Kochen’s free will theorem states that if experimenters have free will in the sense that their choices are not a function of the past, so must some elementary particles. The free will theorem goes beyond Bell’s theorem as it connects the two fundamental resources behind quantum technol ...
... Conway and Kochen’s free will theorem states that if experimenters have free will in the sense that their choices are not a function of the past, so must some elementary particles. The free will theorem goes beyond Bell’s theorem as it connects the two fundamental resources behind quantum technol ...
An Analysis of the Quantum Penny Flip Game using Geometric
... Our aim in this paper is firstly to find the most general unitary transformations which lead to a winning strategy for Q, and secondly to demonstrate that geometric algebra provides a convenient formalism with which to find the general solution, which is parametrized by angles θ, φ. Our motivation i ...
... Our aim in this paper is firstly to find the most general unitary transformations which lead to a winning strategy for Q, and secondly to demonstrate that geometric algebra provides a convenient formalism with which to find the general solution, which is parametrized by angles θ, φ. Our motivation i ...
Irreversibility and the Arrow of Time in a Quenched
... different quench times. As a second step, we measure the probability distribution PðΣÞ of the irreversible entropy production using the Tasaki-Crooks relation (3). Employing NMR spectroscopy [23] and the method described in Refs. [26–28] (cf. Ref. [29] for a detailed analysis), we determine the forw ...
... different quench times. As a second step, we measure the probability distribution PðΣÞ of the irreversible entropy production using the Tasaki-Crooks relation (3). Employing NMR spectroscopy [23] and the method described in Refs. [26–28] (cf. Ref. [29] for a detailed analysis), we determine the forw ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.