III.2 Intracranial MR Angiography
... on the need for contrast media, and permits better separation of arteries from veins. Prior to the advent of noninvasive vascular techniques, digital subtraction angiography was the primary imaging modality for the diagnosis of intracranial vessel pathology, even though its indications were largely ...
... on the need for contrast media, and permits better separation of arteries from veins. Prior to the advent of noninvasive vascular techniques, digital subtraction angiography was the primary imaging modality for the diagnosis of intracranial vessel pathology, even though its indications were largely ...
Complete Article - Journal of Morphological Science
... glaber, the brain is supplied only by the vertebral arteries, while in C. porcellus, D. patagona and D. agutii, the brain is also supplied by the vertebral arteries, but there is a rudimentary internal carotid artery in these animals. De Vriese [3] noted that the internal carotid artery is well-deve ...
... glaber, the brain is supplied only by the vertebral arteries, while in C. porcellus, D. patagona and D. agutii, the brain is also supplied by the vertebral arteries, but there is a rudimentary internal carotid artery in these animals. De Vriese [3] noted that the internal carotid artery is well-deve ...
brachial plexus center - St. Louis Children`s Hospital
... they usually do so within the first three months. After three months, spontaneous improvement is slow but can continue for the next few years. In general, strength does not increase after 2 years of age. It is important to know that children who do not make a good recovery can benefit from direct re ...
... they usually do so within the first three months. After three months, spontaneous improvement is slow but can continue for the next few years. In general, strength does not increase after 2 years of age. It is important to know that children who do not make a good recovery can benefit from direct re ...
Elastic Elements in the Media and Adventitia of Human
... THE ELASTIC MATERIAL in intracranial extracerebral arteries is almost all concentrated in the internal elastic layer, in contrast to the muscular arteries of other organs, whose media and adventitia contain abundant elastic fibers in an outer layer.1 The susceptibility of the cerebral arteries to in ...
... THE ELASTIC MATERIAL in intracranial extracerebral arteries is almost all concentrated in the internal elastic layer, in contrast to the muscular arteries of other organs, whose media and adventitia contain abundant elastic fibers in an outer layer.1 The susceptibility of the cerebral arteries to in ...
Chean Chung Shen
... acts despite normal power, sensation, coordination and good comprehension A General inability to produce words for things a person want to take about ...
... acts despite normal power, sensation, coordination and good comprehension A General inability to produce words for things a person want to take about ...
Neonatal hypoglycemia and its effects on the
... Risk Factors for Hypoglycemia Changes in maternal metabolism: • Intrapartum administration of glucose • Drug treatment with terbutaline, ritodrine, propanolol, oral hypoglycemics • Diabetes in pregnancy Associated neonatal problems: • Idiopathic condition / failure to adapt ...
... Risk Factors for Hypoglycemia Changes in maternal metabolism: • Intrapartum administration of glucose • Drug treatment with terbutaline, ritodrine, propanolol, oral hypoglycemics • Diabetes in pregnancy Associated neonatal problems: • Idiopathic condition / failure to adapt ...
GMH/IVH
... B. Clinical presentation. The presentation differs depending on the size and location of the IPH. In the preterm infant, IPH is often clinically silent unless the hemorrhage is quite large. In the term infant, intracerebral hemorrhage typically presents with focal neurologic signs such as seizures, ...
... B. Clinical presentation. The presentation differs depending on the size and location of the IPH. In the preterm infant, IPH is often clinically silent unless the hemorrhage is quite large. In the term infant, intracerebral hemorrhage typically presents with focal neurologic signs such as seizures, ...
Effect of serotonin depletion on cortical spreading depression
... by increasing the CBF is one hypothesis that could explain the function of CSD in healthy brain [14]. However, the induction of CSD in a physiological impaired condition can result in the damage of neural tissue [15]. In this study, the activation by CSD in the low 5-HT group could induce higher cer ...
... by increasing the CBF is one hypothesis that could explain the function of CSD in healthy brain [14]. However, the induction of CSD in a physiological impaired condition can result in the damage of neural tissue [15]. In this study, the activation by CSD in the low 5-HT group could induce higher cer ...
Spasticity and muscle contracture following stroke
... University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia ...
... University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia ...
Pharmacologic Treatment of Spasticity in Children and Adolescents
... Gaps in Care • There is a paucity of research on treatment of spasticity in CP. • Physicians often focus on treating impairment (spasticity) ...
... Gaps in Care • There is a paucity of research on treatment of spasticity in CP. • Physicians often focus on treating impairment (spasticity) ...
Management of Sialorrhea in Children with Cerebral
... receptor sites. Blockage of these receptors inhibits nervous stimulation to the salivary glands. Anticholinergic drugs used to decrease drooling have widespread effects on all endorgans that are governed by muscarinic stimulation. Several clinical trials have used anticholinergic drugs to decrease d ...
... receptor sites. Blockage of these receptors inhibits nervous stimulation to the salivary glands. Anticholinergic drugs used to decrease drooling have widespread effects on all endorgans that are governed by muscarinic stimulation. Several clinical trials have used anticholinergic drugs to decrease d ...
PDF
... role in the formation of a massive hematoma. Extremely important is the problem of whether the massive hematoma in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is formed simply by mechanical elimination of the cerebral parenchyma, as we believe, or by fusion of necrotic lesions of the cerebral parenchyma. ...
... role in the formation of a massive hematoma. Extremely important is the problem of whether the massive hematoma in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is formed simply by mechanical elimination of the cerebral parenchyma, as we believe, or by fusion of necrotic lesions of the cerebral parenchyma. ...
IC 25: The End Organ: Muscle in the Cerebral Palsies
... their typically developing peers whether they had one course or three courses of botulinum toxin injection. Van Campenhout et al (2013) noted significant atrophy in the psoas muscles of children with CP 6 months after injection. The apparent discrepancy between these studies may be explained by the ...
... their typically developing peers whether they had one course or three courses of botulinum toxin injection. Van Campenhout et al (2013) noted significant atrophy in the psoas muscles of children with CP 6 months after injection. The apparent discrepancy between these studies may be explained by the ...
[pdf]
... agreement, at least in part, may have been a result of the homogeneity of the patient cohort, i.e., all were <1 week neonates with congenital heart defects. Clearly, in future studies it will be better to measure μs ’ in all subjects whenever possible. (Note: the effects of uncertainties in μa and μ ...
... agreement, at least in part, may have been a result of the homogeneity of the patient cohort, i.e., all were <1 week neonates with congenital heart defects. Clearly, in future studies it will be better to measure μs ’ in all subjects whenever possible. (Note: the effects of uncertainties in μa and μ ...
MRS in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Maple Syrup Urine Disease
... 0.96ppm. The brain concentration of the compounds in the 0.61. lppm range (limited to exclude lactate) was 5.7mM. (Fig. 1). Second exam at 7-l/2 months: Despite dietary protein restriction under clinical supervision, the plasma BCAA levels remained persistently elevated, though the constituent propo ...
... 0.96ppm. The brain concentration of the compounds in the 0.61. lppm range (limited to exclude lactate) was 5.7mM. (Fig. 1). Second exam at 7-l/2 months: Despite dietary protein restriction under clinical supervision, the plasma BCAA levels remained persistently elevated, though the constituent propo ...
Thomas Geller, Laura Loftis and David S. Brink 2004;113;e365 Pediatrics
... http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/113/4/e365; ischemic stroke, cerebral blood flow, marijuana, adolescent drug use. ABBREVIATIONS. THC, tetrahydrocannabinol; CT, computed tomography; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid. ...
... http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/113/4/e365; ischemic stroke, cerebral blood flow, marijuana, adolescent drug use. ABBREVIATIONS. THC, tetrahydrocannabinol; CT, computed tomography; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid. ...
Emergency Management of Increased Intracranial Pressure
... and Niranjan Kissoon, MD, FRCP(C), FAAP, FCCM, FACPE Abstract: Primary neurological injury in children can be induced by diverse intrinsic and extrinsic factors including brain trauma, tumors, and intracranial infections. Regardless of etiology, increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as a result of t ...
... and Niranjan Kissoon, MD, FRCP(C), FAAP, FCCM, FACPE Abstract: Primary neurological injury in children can be induced by diverse intrinsic and extrinsic factors including brain trauma, tumors, and intracranial infections. Regardless of etiology, increased intracranial pressure (ICP) as a result of t ...
Aalborg Universitet Spastic movement disorder Dietz, Volker; Sinkjær, Thomas
... Spasticity is a consequence of a central nervous system lesion. It is a well known syndrome, most frequently seen after stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and in some traumatic brain injuries. Patients with a spinal or cerebral lesion suffer from a spastic movement disorder, with a slow ...
... Spasticity is a consequence of a central nervous system lesion. It is a well known syndrome, most frequently seen after stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and in some traumatic brain injuries. Patients with a spinal or cerebral lesion suffer from a spastic movement disorder, with a slow ...
Cerebrovascular Disease
... are superimposed on chronic or progressive symptoms of brain metastasis. Ruptured neoplastic aneurysms are a rare cause of intracerebral hemorrhage and predominantly occur in patients who have cardiac myxoma, lung carcinoma, or choriocarcinoma (Kalafut et al., 1998). These aneurysms develop when tum ...
... are superimposed on chronic or progressive symptoms of brain metastasis. Ruptured neoplastic aneurysms are a rare cause of intracerebral hemorrhage and predominantly occur in patients who have cardiac myxoma, lung carcinoma, or choriocarcinoma (Kalafut et al., 1998). These aneurysms develop when tum ...
PDF
... ‘temporal’, and ‘occipital’ to refer to the anterior, medialinferior and posterior areas of the brain, respectively.11 It was not until the mid 19th century that the brain convolutions would be described as they are today. Broca’s contributions and Fritsch and Hitzing’s experiments on brain excitabi ...
... ‘temporal’, and ‘occipital’ to refer to the anterior, medialinferior and posterior areas of the brain, respectively.11 It was not until the mid 19th century that the brain convolutions would be described as they are today. Broca’s contributions and Fritsch and Hitzing’s experiments on brain excitabi ...
Cerebrovascular lesions induce transient b
... At a minimum, these associations between vascular risk factors and dementia reflect the additive effects on cognitive function of vascular brain injury and amyloid-related brain injury, a major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (Hyman, 1997). Beyond that, however, it remains possible that ...
... At a minimum, these associations between vascular risk factors and dementia reflect the additive effects on cognitive function of vascular brain injury and amyloid-related brain injury, a major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (Hyman, 1997). Beyond that, however, it remains possible that ...
a scarlet enemy of the brain – a practical approach to diagnosis and
... White matter leukoaraiosis is one such mechanism, giving rise to subcortical dementia over weeks to months.3 A possible explanation for this leukoencephalopathy is chronic hypoperfusion of the periventricular white matter from diffuse amyloid-related narrowing or occlusion of cortical penetrating ve ...
... White matter leukoaraiosis is one such mechanism, giving rise to subcortical dementia over weeks to months.3 A possible explanation for this leukoencephalopathy is chronic hypoperfusion of the periventricular white matter from diffuse amyloid-related narrowing or occlusion of cortical penetrating ve ...
Motor and Sensory Dysfunction 2015 3. Motor and Sensory
... Meythaler et al. (1996) confirmed the effectiveness of intrathecal baclofen in decreasing upper and lower extremity spasticity in a randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled cross-over trial. In subsequent studies, the same investigators went on to demonstrate the effectiveness of intrathecal b ...
... Meythaler et al. (1996) confirmed the effectiveness of intrathecal baclofen in decreasing upper and lower extremity spasticity in a randomized, double blinded, placebo controlled cross-over trial. In subsequent studies, the same investigators went on to demonstrate the effectiveness of intrathecal b ...
Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. Signs and symptoms vary between people. Often, symptoms include poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscles, and tremors. There may be problems with sensation, vision, hearing, swallowing and speaking. Often babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over, sit, crawl, or walk as early as other children their age. Difficulty with the ability to think or reason and seizures each occurs in about one third of people with CP. While the symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life, the underlying problems do not worsen over time.Cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. Most often the problems occur during pregnancy; however, they may also occur during childbirth, or shortly after birth. Often the cause is unknown. Risk factors include premature birth, being a twin, certain infections during pregnancy such as toxoplasmosis or rubella, exposure to methylmercury during pregnancy, a difficult delivery, and head trauma during the first few years of life, among others. About 2% of cases are believed to be due to an inherited genetic cause. A number of sub-types are classified based on the specific problems present. For example, those with stiff muscles have spastic cerebral palsy, those with poor coordination have ataxic cerebral palsy, and those with writhing movements have athetoid cerebral palsy. Diagnosis is based on the child's development over time. Blood tests and medical imaging may be used to rule out other possible causes.CP is partly preventable through immunization of the mother and efforts to prevent head injuries in children such as through improved safety. There is no cure for CP; however, supportive treatments, medications, and surgery may help many individuals. This may include physical therapy and speech therapy. Medications such as diazepam, baclofen, and botulinum toxin may help relax stiff muscles. Surgery may include lengthening muscles and cutting overly active nerves. Often external braces and other assistive technology are helpful. Some children have near normal adult lives with appropriate treatment. While alternative medicines are frequently used there is no evidence to support their use.CP is the most common movement disorder in children. It occurs in about 2.1 per 1,000 live births. Cerebral palsy has been documented throughout history with the first known descriptions occurring in the work of Hippocrates in the 5th century BCE. Extensive study of the condition began in the 19th century by William John Little, after whom it was called ""Little disease"". William Osler first named it ""cerebral palsy"" from the German ""zerebrale Kinderlähmung"" (cerebral child-paralysis). A number of potential treatments are being examined, including stem cell therapy. However, more research is required to determine if it is effective and safe.