• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Quarter 2 Final Exam Preliminary Study Guide
Quarter 2 Final Exam Preliminary Study Guide

... e. Krista has a condition that causes her nose to bleed when she tilts her head back too far. (We will pretend this is a recessive genetic disorder.) f. Brenda and Gloria also have this condition. g. Please draw the pedigree chart and fill in all the information you can. ...
Unit 8 Molecular Genetics: Chp 12 Mutations Notes PPT
Unit 8 Molecular Genetics: Chp 12 Mutations Notes PPT

... produce no changes in proteins. • In the remaining 70% of point mutations, changed nucleotides cause a different amino acid to be incorporated into a protein. • The resulting protein may function normally or may be defective ...
Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques
Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

... • DNA samples can be studied and compared by DNA fingerprinting • DNA is digested with restriction enzymes and then run on an agarose gel • When soaked in ethidium bromide – can be seen directly under UV light ...
DNA Typing
DNA Typing

... genes; the risk of cancer varies among the mutations. General screening and genetic testing are different (mammograms vs. testing for specific mutations in the gene). ...
Common types of DNA damage Different types of repair fix different
Common types of DNA damage Different types of repair fix different

... which activates a protease, which cleaves transcriptional repressors, which makes UmuD and UmuC proteins, and also activates UmuD by proteolysis, at which point these subunits form a highly error-prone polymerase pol V (UmuD’2UmuC), which then finds a stalled DNA pol III, adds dNTPs without really l ...
Science 9: Unit A – Biological Diversity
Science 9: Unit A – Biological Diversity

... chromosomes of a regular cell since they will be combining with each other in sexual reproduction. • This process is achieved by having a regular cell divide twice. This produces four gamete cells each with only half the chromosomes of the parent cell. ...
Pedigree and Karyotype Power point
Pedigree and Karyotype Power point

... Karyotype- a chart of chromosomes pairs ...
Gene needed for health
Gene needed for health

... is present on both alleles ...
Generuj PDF - Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji
Generuj PDF - Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji

... Co-operation with other laboratories and scientific institutes, verification of competency Experts of the Unit co-operate with national and foreign scientific institutes and laboratories, which provide forensic examinations. Participation in ENFSI DNA Working Group provides an opportunity for exchan ...
pUC18 DNA HAE III Digest (D6293) - Datasheet - Sigma
pUC18 DNA HAE III Digest (D6293) - Datasheet - Sigma

... Note: Ethidium bromide background can be reduced by destaining 30–45 minutes in 1× electrophoresis buffer. Precautions and Disclaimer This product is for R&D use only, not for drug, household, or other uses. Please consult the Material Safety Data Sheet for information regarding hazards and safe han ...
Supplementary Methods
Supplementary Methods

... All yeast strains were congenic with the MHY501 wild-type (see ref. 4) except where noted. Strains in which various chromosomal genes were tagged in frame with the DNA sequence for enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) were constructed by single-step PCR amplification of the terminal copy of the ...
Chapter 19: Recombinant DNA Technology
Chapter 19: Recombinant DNA Technology

... _____ 8. Uses a gel to separate the molecules by size or molecular mass. _____ 9. This process may also be done by RT-PCR. _____ 10. May be used to identify gene families. _____ 11. Identifies a specific RNA from a collection of expressed RNAs. _____ 12. Frequently uses a radioactive label on the pr ...
Biologists have learned to manipulate DNA
Biologists have learned to manipulate DNA

... a. When the repressor changes shape it no longer binds to the operator b. The operator is open and RNA polymerase binds to the promoter c. The lactose processing genes are turned on d. When lactose is no longer present – the repressor can rebind to the operator D. Prokaryotes waste little energy on ...
Chapter 14 Human Genetics
Chapter 14 Human Genetics

... X-Chromosome inactivation • In females, most genes in one of the X chromosomes are switched off forming a region in the nucleus known as a bar body ▫ In calico cats, a gene that controls the color of coat spots is on the X chromosome ▫ In different parts of the body, different X chromosomes are swi ...
Next lectures: Differential Gene expression
Next lectures: Differential Gene expression

Interspersed Repetitive Noncoding DNA
Interspersed Repetitive Noncoding DNA

... – Obtaining a copy of an examination before it is officially available or learning an examination question before it is officially available; – Copying another person’s answer to an examination question; – Consulting an unauthorized source during an examination; – Obtaining assistance by means of do ...
Problem Set 1A
Problem Set 1A

... occurred anywhere between the two centromeres. 4. Compare legitimate recombination to illegitimate recombination. Which is more common? Legitimate recombination is recombination between two DNA sequences that share regions of high similarity, as opposed to illegitimate recombination, which is recomb ...
Genetic studies using dried blood spot samples with particular focus
Genetic studies using dried blood spot samples with particular focus

... Blood samples are conveniently handled and stored as dried blood spots on filter paper. Very large collections of archived dried blood spot samples are available worldwide for research purposes. However, as these samples contain very little genetic material, DNA, they are very precious and a scienti ...
Nucleic Acids - Structure and Replication
Nucleic Acids - Structure and Replication

... lips. Like many other viruses, HSV can remain inactive inside the body for years. When HSV becomes active, it causes cold sores around the mouth. Human cells infected with a virus may undergo programmed cell death. While HSV is inactive inside the body, only one of its genes is transcribed. This gen ...
iiiliiiltiiliiiitii lilliitlii$itttit ffffli|tiiiiiiHii.
iiiliiiltiiliiiitii lilliitlii$itttit ffffli|tiiiiiiHii.

... cells and can causemutations to arise as these cells divide. Manv chemicalsalso can interfere with DNA replication and lead to mutation. Whenever a cell copiesits DNA, there is a small chance it may misread the sequenceand add the wrong nucleotide. Our cells have proofreading proteins that can fix m ...
Chapter 8 Protein Synthesis Study Guide
Chapter 8 Protein Synthesis Study Guide

... *Mutation Examples – be able to identify the type of mutation causing disorders and diseases 1. Fragile X syndrome is caused by genes that have undergone insertions of a string of 3 or 4 nucleotides repeated over and over. Specifically, a locus on the human X chromosome contains such a stretch of nu ...
CHAPTER 17 RECOMBINANT DNA AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER 17 RECOMBINANT DNA AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

... enzyme cleavage and amplified by PCR, to identify particular individuals. a. DNA is treated with restriction enzymes to cut it into different sized fragments. b. During gel electrophoresis, fragments separate according to length, resulting in a pattern of bands. c. DNA fingerprinting can identify de ...
Slide ()
Slide ()

... Two forms of muscular dystrophy are caused by deletion mutations in the dystrophin gene. (Adapted, with permission, from Hoffman and Kunkel 1989; photos, reproduced with permission, from Arthur P. Hays.) A. The relative position of the dystrophin gene within the Xp21 region of the X chromosome. An e ...
What is the hierarchy of Life? In order of increasing complexity
What is the hierarchy of Life? In order of increasing complexity

... therefore, no gene expression 2)RNA processing-Exons are spliced together and introns removed; if the cap and tail are not added to mRNA, it cannot flow through the nuclear membrane out to the cytoplasm, or stay intact to ensure gene expression 3) Once mRNA reaches the cytoplasm, translation can be ...
Extranuclear Inheritance
Extranuclear Inheritance

< 1 ... 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 ... 494 >

Cell-free fetal DNA

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is fetal DNA circulating freely in the maternal blood stream. It can be sampled by venipuncture on the mother. Analysis of cffDNA provides a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.cffDNA originates from the trophoblasts making up the placenta. It is estimated that 2-6% of the DNA in the maternal blood is fetal in origin. The fetal DNA is fragmented and makes its way into the maternal bloodstream via shedding of the placental microparticles into the maternal bloodstream (figure 1). Studies have shown that cffDNA can first be observed as early as 7 weeks gestation, and the amount of cffDNA increases as the pregnancy progresses. cffDNA diminishes quickly after the birth of the baby, so that it is no longer detectable in the maternal blood approximately 2 hours after birth. cffDNA is significantly smaller than the maternal DNA in the bloodstream, with fragments approximately 200bp in size. Many protocols to extract the fetal DNA from the maternal plasma use its size to distinguish it from the maternal DNA.Studies have looked at, and some even optimized, protocols for testing non-compatible RhD factors, sex determination for X-linked genetic disorders and testing for single gene disorders. Current studies are now looking at determining aneuploidies in the developing fetus. These protocols can be done earlier than the current prenatal testing methods, and have no risk of spontaneous abortion, unlike current prenatal testing methods. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been implemented in the UK and parts of the US; it has clear benefits above the standard tests of chorionic villi sample (CVS) and amniocentesis which have procedure-related miscarriage risks of about 1 in 100 pregnancies and 1 in 200 pregnancies, respectively.As a method of prenatal diagnosis, cell-free fetal DNA techniques share the same ethical and practical issues, such as the possibility of prenatal sex discernment and sex selection.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report