• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Science Hand Out 6 - Literacy Action Network
Science Hand Out 6 - Literacy Action Network

... Most of the cells in a human contain two copies of each of 22 different chromosomes. In addition, there is a pair of chromosomes that determine sex. Changes in DNA (mutations) occur spontaneously at low rates. Where on the DNA chain are instructions for specifying characteristics located? What is th ...
Document
Document

... •Genes are carried on chromosomes, and are inherited unchanged and undiluted. •Mutations are rare events that change one allele to another. •A genetic material that was inherited unchanged and undiluted, but subject to rare mutation answered a major flaw in evolutionary theory. •The success of gene ...
Genetics Unit Test
Genetics Unit Test

... d. amino acid. 27. In what type of mutation is one base left out? a. substitution c. insertion b. deletion d. cell 28. DNA is made of subunits called what? a. proteins c. traits b. deoxyribonucleic acids d. nucleotides 29. Nucleotides are made of a sugar, a phosphate, and a a. base. c. gene. b. prot ...
Unit 1: Cells, Cell Reproduction, and Development
Unit 1: Cells, Cell Reproduction, and Development

... In what type of cells does mitosis occur in, and what it is purpose? What are the four phases of mitosis, and in what order do they occur in? What happens during each phase of mitosis? In what type of cells does meiosis occur in, and what it is purpose? What happens during each division of meiosis? ...
Title: Genetics: Mitochondrial DNA in evolution and disease Douglas
Title: Genetics: Mitochondrial DNA in evolution and disease Douglas

DNA
DNA

... • Characteristics or features • Genetic traits are passed through the genes, from parents to offspring • Traits can be influenced by the environment – Ex: your hair may become lighter after being in the sun for long periods of time – Ex: you may have a gene for tallness, but due to ...
File
File

... a. Contained replication origin and tetracycline resistance gene b. Complementary ends joined forming pSC101 plasmid 2. Same restriction enzymes used to cut frog genome a. Frog DNA pieces added to open pSC101 circles b. Added to bacteria, select for resistance c. Isolated cells with plasmids contai ...
Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella typhimurium

... fibrosis, sickle-cell anaemia; (in bacteria) ability to grow on certain sugars • Many alleles contribute to many traits of an organism such as size, shape, intelligence, behaviour, and risk of getting diseases e.g. (in humans) cancer, heart disease, asthma • Genetic variation is what evolution acts ...
Microarrays = Gene Chips
Microarrays = Gene Chips

... The chip has almost 30,000 pieces of genetic material taken from thousands of different viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites – represent all recognized 1,710 vertebrate viral species and 135 bacterial, 73 fungal, and 63 parasite genera. For each family or genus at least 3 separate genomic target r ...
Name
Name

... D. differences in a base between two individuals 26. Bioinformatics would not have been possible without A. microscopes. B. genes. C. computers. D. genomics. 27. In humans, single-base differences A. occur at about 3 million sites. B. occur rarely in the sex chromosomes. C. seldom occur in normal DN ...
NTNU brevmal
NTNU brevmal

... B) causing specific double-strand DNA breaks that result in blunt ends on both strands C) causing linear ends of the newly replicated DNA to circularize D) adding numerous short DNA sequences such as TTAGGG E) adding numerous GC pairs which resist hydrolysis and maintain chromosome integrity 19 The ...
Session 1 Worksheet
Session 1 Worksheet

... DNA replication occurs, the cell grows by producing proteins and cytoplasmic organelles. ...
Topic 4: Genetics - wfs
Topic 4: Genetics - wfs

DNA Barcoding
DNA Barcoding

Semester Test Practice Test
Semester Test Practice Test

... A repressor protein… • a. blocks movement of RNA polymerase • b. prevents DNA synthesis • c. attaches to ribosomes during translation • d. is encoded by one of the structural genes. ...
Name:
Name:

...  Goals/uses of transformation & genetic engineering: o significance of plasmids, restriction enzymes & ligase, “sticky ends”  GMOs: production, uses, controversy  Animal cloning: process, controversy  DNA technology o PCR o Electrophoresis: How does it work? What can it be used for?  How is the ...
Bacterial Transformation
Bacterial Transformation

... ◦ Transforming a sick person’s cells with healthy copies of the defective gene ◦ Creating insulin for diabetes ...
CST Review
CST Review

... BI5. a. Students know the general structures and functions of DNA, RNA, and protein. BI1. d. Students know the central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of information from transcription of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus to translation of proteins on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. BI2 ...
CST Review
CST Review

... BI5. a. Students know the general structures and functions of DNA, RNA, and protein. BI1. d. Students know the central dogma of molecular biology outlines the flow of information from transcription of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the nucleus to translation of proteins on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. BI2 ...
Chromosome structure File
Chromosome structure File

... Regulatory and Coding Sequence Unit = Operon In prokaryotes, a single mRNA molecule may code for one or several polypeptide chains. If it carries the code for only one polypeptide, the mRNA is monocistronic if it codes for two or more different polypeptides, the mRNA is polycistronic. In eukaryotes, ...
EOC Vocab Review Terms
EOC Vocab Review Terms

... 1. ___Part of the experiment that does not contain the variable 2. ___Testable explanation for a problem 3. ___The factor in the experiment to be tested ...
Name Unit 6 DNA Test (Chapters 8) Study Guide
Name Unit 6 DNA Test (Chapters 8) Study Guide

... Unit 6 DNA Test (Chapters 8) Study Guide - Honors Complete the following multiple-choice questions. As we go over the correct responses, make notes for yourself about the question below it. ______1. ...
Transfection - Biomanufacturing.org
Transfection - Biomanufacturing.org

... • Plasmids, artificial chromosomes and viruses are commonly used as vectors. • Non-viral vectors rely on cell division for transfer of DNA into the nucleus. ...
forensics - bayo2pisay
forensics - bayo2pisay

... Privacy of suspects Studies regarding human population DNA evidence may place a person at a crime scene, but it also does not necessarily mean that he or she committed the crime DNA can still be tampered with, and still be used to frame people ...
DNA and Individuality
DNA and Individuality

... • mRNA = AGUAAA codes for Serine +Lysine • If the T is deleted in the DNA, now is GUAAA • Ribosome will read GUA first which is for Valine ...
< 1 ... 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 ... 481 >

Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report