HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These highlights
... amphetamine sulfate extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The efficacy of dextroamphetamine saccharate, amphetamine aspartate monohydrate, dextroamphetamine sulfate, amphetamine sulfate extended-release in the treatment of ADHD ...
... amphetamine sulfate extended-release capsules are indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The efficacy of dextroamphetamine saccharate, amphetamine aspartate monohydrate, dextroamphetamine sulfate, amphetamine sulfate extended-release in the treatment of ADHD ...
A Study of Abrupt Phentermine Cessation in Patients in
... very high plasma drug levels very quickly,25 increasing the probability of producing serious adverse effects such as addiction, stroke, and cardiotoxicity. Patients taking oral stimulants, as prescribed by a physician, do not achieve the very high plasma drug levels needed to produce serious adverse ...
... very high plasma drug levels very quickly,25 increasing the probability of producing serious adverse effects such as addiction, stroke, and cardiotoxicity. Patients taking oral stimulants, as prescribed by a physician, do not achieve the very high plasma drug levels needed to produce serious adverse ...
The relationship between methamphetamine use and violent
... users. Although the research by Sekine and colleagues supports the view that chronic methamphetamine use may lead to aggression by depleting serotonin, it is important to recognise that serotonin depletion is not specific to aggression, nor is it specific to chronic methamphetamine users. Serotonin dy ...
... users. Although the research by Sekine and colleagues supports the view that chronic methamphetamine use may lead to aggression by depleting serotonin, it is important to recognise that serotonin depletion is not specific to aggression, nor is it specific to chronic methamphetamine users. Serotonin dy ...
Stereoselective screening for and confirmation of urinary
... Urinary screening for drugs of abuse, including amphetamines, is usually performed with immunoassays, whereas gas chromatography ± mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the standard approach employed for confirmation of the presence or absence of a specific drug or metabolite. Liquid chromatography [11, 12] ...
... Urinary screening for drugs of abuse, including amphetamines, is usually performed with immunoassays, whereas gas chromatography ± mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the standard approach employed for confirmation of the presence or absence of a specific drug or metabolite. Liquid chromatography [11, 12] ...
Product Monograph
... heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, ADDERALL XR (mixed salts amphetamine extended-release capsules) generally should not be used in children/adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems ...
... heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, ADDERALL XR (mixed salts amphetamine extended-release capsules) generally should not be used in children/adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems ...
Endogenous Dopamine Can Modulate Inhibition of Substantia Nigra
... Extracellular, single-unit activity of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons was monitored in male Sprague-Dawley rats, 2X1-350 gm, which were anesthetized with chloral hydrate, 400 mg/kg, i.p. Animals were mounted in a stereotaxic apparatus and a needle was inserted into a tail vein. Subsequent ...
... Extracellular, single-unit activity of substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons was monitored in male Sprague-Dawley rats, 2X1-350 gm, which were anesthetized with chloral hydrate, 400 mg/kg, i.p. Animals were mounted in a stereotaxic apparatus and a needle was inserted into a tail vein. Subsequent ...
Major Stimulants - People Server at UNCW
... inhalation, or by injection, with the worst outcomes apparently associated with snorting or intravenous administration. Mephedrone is of particular concern because, according to the United Kingdom experience, it presents a high risk for overdose. These chemicals act in the brain like stimulant drugs ...
... inhalation, or by injection, with the worst outcomes apparently associated with snorting or intravenous administration. Mephedrone is of particular concern because, according to the United Kingdom experience, it presents a high risk for overdose. These chemicals act in the brain like stimulant drugs ...
Amphetamine and Related Drugs
... laboratories. Methamphetamine laboratories are, by far, the most frequently encountered clandestine laboratories in the United States. The ease of ...
... laboratories. Methamphetamine laboratories are, by far, the most frequently encountered clandestine laboratories in the United States. The ease of ...
adderall xr - Shire Canada
... heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, ADDERALL XR (mixed salts amphetamine extended-release capsules) generally should not be used in children/adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems ...
... heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, ADDERALL XR (mixed salts amphetamine extended-release capsules) generally should not be used in children/adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems ...
new insights into the role of environmental context in the expression
... Second, all of the rats exhibited stereotyped head movements that varied in intensity across subjects and drug doses. Because such movements are incompatible with drinking milk, these observations suggested that behavioral interference may have contributed to the suppression of feeding, a possibilit ...
... Second, all of the rats exhibited stereotyped head movements that varied in intensity across subjects and drug doses. Because such movements are incompatible with drinking milk, these observations suggested that behavioral interference may have contributed to the suppression of feeding, a possibilit ...
Evaluation of Naltrexone as a Treatment for Amphetamine
... Amphetamine addiction is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide and lacks effective treatment. An estimated 35 million persons are reported to abuse amphetamines, which is more than the total number of cocaine and heroin abusers combined. A majority of intravenous drug users in Sweden a ...
... Amphetamine addiction is a disease that affects millions of people worldwide and lacks effective treatment. An estimated 35 million persons are reported to abuse amphetamines, which is more than the total number of cocaine and heroin abusers combined. A majority of intravenous drug users in Sweden a ...
Paresthesia (including formication) (postmarketing AE), reformating
... heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, ADDERALL XR (mixed salts amphetamine extended-release capsules) generally should not be used in children/adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems ...
... heart problems. Although some serious heart problems alone carry an increased risk of sudden death, ADDERALL XR (mixed salts amphetamine extended-release capsules) generally should not be used in children/adolescents with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities or other serious heart problems ...
Methamphetamine — Effects on Human Performance and Behavior
... clear (Structure 1). Specifically, methamphetamine interacts with presynaptic receptors by competitive antagonism, and has minimal, if any, effect as an agonist at postsynaptic receptors. A. CNS Effects The amphetamines’ potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulating effects appear to result by pro ...
... clear (Structure 1). Specifically, methamphetamine interacts with presynaptic receptors by competitive antagonism, and has minimal, if any, effect as an agonist at postsynaptic receptors. A. CNS Effects The amphetamines’ potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulating effects appear to result by pro ...
AMPHETAMINES HAVE A HIGH POTENTIAL FOR ABUSE. ADMINISTRATION OF
... treatment program for ADHD that may include other measures (psychological, educational, social) for patients with this syndrome. Drug treatment may not be indicated for all children with this syndrome. Stimulants are not intended for use in the child who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental ...
... treatment program for ADHD that may include other measures (psychological, educational, social) for patients with this syndrome. Drug treatment may not be indicated for all children with this syndrome. Stimulants are not intended for use in the child who exhibits symptoms secondary to environmental ...
Routine analysis of amphetamine class drugs as their
... of GC–MS for confirmation and identification of amphetamines in urine is often restricted by cost and expertise. A significant number of clinical laboratories in the EU use commercial TLC systems for the confirmation and identification of amphetamines in immunoassay positive urines [7]. TLC is both ...
... of GC–MS for confirmation and identification of amphetamines in urine is often restricted by cost and expertise. A significant number of clinical laboratories in the EU use commercial TLC systems for the confirmation and identification of amphetamines in immunoassay positive urines [7]. TLC is both ...
CNS Stimulants - LSU School of Medicine
... associated with entacapone administration, in particular, is hepatotoxicity. II. Effects - along with “anti-SLUDE” effects, there are some other relatively specific effects: A. cardiovascular responses – amphetamine, for example, given orally raises both systolic and diastolic pressure. Heart rate c ...
... associated with entacapone administration, in particular, is hepatotoxicity. II. Effects - along with “anti-SLUDE” effects, there are some other relatively specific effects: A. cardiovascular responses – amphetamine, for example, given orally raises both systolic and diastolic pressure. Heart rate c ...
Low Impulsive Action, but not Impulsive Choice, Predicts
... self-administration of nicotine (Diergaarde et al, 2008) but *Correspondence: Dr FD Zeeb, Section of Biopsychology, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Campbell Family Mental Health ...
... self-administration of nicotine (Diergaarde et al, 2008) but *Correspondence: Dr FD Zeeb, Section of Biopsychology, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Campbell Family Mental Health ...
Dissociable effects of monoamine reuptake inhibitors on distinct
... subtypes of impulsive behavior are distinguished, i.e., impulsive choice and impulsive action. Impulsive choice refers to the inability to delay gratification, which is behaviorally apparent as a preference for a small, immediate gain over a larger reward that one has to wait for. Impulsive action c ...
... subtypes of impulsive behavior are distinguished, i.e., impulsive choice and impulsive action. Impulsive choice refers to the inability to delay gratification, which is behaviorally apparent as a preference for a small, immediate gain over a larger reward that one has to wait for. Impulsive action c ...
Adderall Comedown? 10 Tips to Bounce Back After
... Take an NSAID (like aspirin) to relieve an amphetamine-related headache Put life stressors on hold Stay cool (stimulants can overheat your body), but keep your hands and feet warm. Stimulants may cause your blood vessels to temporarily constrict, making your hands and feet feel cold. ...
... Take an NSAID (like aspirin) to relieve an amphetamine-related headache Put life stressors on hold Stay cool (stimulants can overheat your body), but keep your hands and feet warm. Stimulants may cause your blood vessels to temporarily constrict, making your hands and feet feel cold. ...
Amphetamine and cocaine induce different patterns of c
... FIG. 1. The expression of c-fos mRNA in the dorsal striatum of rats given cocaine or amphetamine at home, or in a novel environment, or given saline in a novel environment. The illustrations to the right of each panel contain stippled regions that indicate the area of the dorsal striatum that was qu ...
... FIG. 1. The expression of c-fos mRNA in the dorsal striatum of rats given cocaine or amphetamine at home, or in a novel environment, or given saline in a novel environment. The illustrations to the right of each panel contain stippled regions that indicate the area of the dorsal striatum that was qu ...
The influence of amphetamine on sensory and conditioned
... no interaction [F (1, 29) ¼ 1.02, MSe ¼ 336.1, p > 0.0167], but produced reliable effects of both drug [F (1, 29) ¼ 11.43, MSe ¼ 1059, p < 0.0167] and lever [F (1, 29) ¼ 10.99, MSe ¼ 688.7, p < 0.0167], and finally the comparison of 0 and 1.5 mg/kg produced no reliable interaction [F (1, 29) ¼ 1.02, ...
... no interaction [F (1, 29) ¼ 1.02, MSe ¼ 336.1, p > 0.0167], but produced reliable effects of both drug [F (1, 29) ¼ 11.43, MSe ¼ 1059, p < 0.0167] and lever [F (1, 29) ¼ 10.99, MSe ¼ 688.7, p < 0.0167], and finally the comparison of 0 and 1.5 mg/kg produced no reliable interaction [F (1, 29) ¼ 1.02, ...
Methysergide Potentiates the Hyperactivity Produced by MDMA in
... neurochemical actions. Subacute treatment of MDMA in rats causes a decrease in tryptophan hydroxylase, serotonin (5-HT) and the serotonin metabolite, 5-HIAA. measured in neostriatum, hippocampus and cortex [25]. In contrast, repeated dosings of MDMA result in elevated homovanillic acid concentration ...
... neurochemical actions. Subacute treatment of MDMA in rats causes a decrease in tryptophan hydroxylase, serotonin (5-HT) and the serotonin metabolite, 5-HIAA. measured in neostriatum, hippocampus and cortex [25]. In contrast, repeated dosings of MDMA result in elevated homovanillic acid concentration ...
Essentials of ADHD Medications: From Mechanisms of Action to
... A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive compound, that needs to be metabolized by the body to become active. A prodrug therefore increases oral bioavailability. Lisdexamfetamine is a prodrug of dextroamphetamine and becomes active only after it has been converted to dextroamphetamine and l-lysine ...
... A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive compound, that needs to be metabolized by the body to become active. A prodrug therefore increases oral bioavailability. Lisdexamfetamine is a prodrug of dextroamphetamine and becomes active only after it has been converted to dextroamphetamine and l-lysine ...
amphetamines and other stimulants history
... HISTORY The term "Amphetamine" refers to a group of chemically related drugs, all of which produce behavioral (the way someone acts) and physiological (physical functions of the body) effects. Every drug in the amphetamine group is a psychostimulant (a drug that increases the activity of the brain). ...
... HISTORY The term "Amphetamine" refers to a group of chemically related drugs, all of which produce behavioral (the way someone acts) and physiological (physical functions of the body) effects. Every drug in the amphetamine group is a psychostimulant (a drug that increases the activity of the brain). ...
A Matching Law Analysis of the Effect of Amphetamine
... Herrnstein, 1974; Heyman, 1983). This interpretation derives from empirical observations that showed that when k changed, but Re remained stable, the experimenter changed some aspect of the response requirement (Heyman & Monaghan, 1987). For example, the value of k changed independent of Re with a c ...
... Herrnstein, 1974; Heyman, 1983). This interpretation derives from empirical observations that showed that when k changed, but Re remained stable, the experimenter changed some aspect of the response requirement (Heyman & Monaghan, 1987). For example, the value of k changed independent of Re with a c ...
Amphetamine
Amphetamine (contracted from alpha‑methylphenethylamine) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity. Amphetamine was discovered in 1887 and exists as two enantiomers: levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Amphetamine properly refers to a specific chemical, the racemic free base, which is equal parts of the two enantiomers, levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine, in their pure amine forms. However, the term is frequently used informally to refer to any combination of the enantiomers, or to either of them alone. Historically, it has been used to treat nasal congestion, depression, and obesity. Amphetamine is also used as a performance and cognitive enhancer, and recreationally as an aphrodisiac and euphoriant. It is a prescription medication in many countries, and unauthorized possession and distribution of amphetamine are often tightly controlled due to the significant health risks associated with recreational use.The first pharmaceutical amphetamine was Benzedrine, a brand of inhalers used to treat a variety of conditions. Currently, pharmaceutical amphetamine is prescribed as racemic amphetamine, Adderall, dextroamphetamine, or the inactive prodrug lisdexamfetamine. Amphetamine, through activation of a trace amine receptor, increases biogenic amine and excitatory neurotransmitter activity in the brain, with its most pronounced effects targeting the catecholamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine. At therapeutic doses, this causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria, change in libido, increased wakefulness, and improved cognitive control. It induces physical effects such as decreased reaction time, fatigue resistance, and increased muscle strength.Much larger doses of amphetamine may impair cognitive function and induce rapid muscle breakdown. Drug addiction is a serious risk with large recreational doses, but rarely arises from medical use. Very high doses can result in psychosis (e.g., delusions and paranoia) which rarely occurs at therapeutic doses even during long-term use. Recreational doses are generally much larger than prescribed therapeutic doses and carry a far greater risk of serious side effects.Amphetamine belongs to the phenethylamine class. It is also the parent compound of its own structural class, the substituted amphetamines, which includes prominent substances such as bupropion, cathinone, MDMA (ecstasy), and methamphetamine. As a member of the phenethylamine class, amphetamine is also chemically related to the naturally occurring trace amine neuromodulators, specifically phenethylamine and N-methylphenethylamine, both of which are produced within the human body. Phenethylamine is the parent compound of amphetamine, while N-methylphenethylamine is a constitutional isomer that differs only in the placement of the methyl group.