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Biology EOC Words for Pages 64-80, Teacher Key Codominance
Biology EOC Words for Pages 64-80, Teacher Key Codominance

... Translation- process that converts or translates a mRNA message into a polypeptide (one or more makes up a protein). Transcription- process of copying a sequence of DNA to produce a complimentary strand of RNA. Protein Synthesis- proteins are made on the information encoded in DNA= gene expression. ...
review for Exam 4
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... chromatin-remodeling complex ...
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... - concept of imprinting, mammalian imprinting. Molecular mechanisms of imprinting. Role of imprinting, Battle of the sexes. X-inactivation - principles and different strategies for dosage compensation. Control of X-inactivation in mammals. ...
DNA Bases Beyond Watson and Crick
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... I am going to discuss the latest results related to the function and distribution of the new nucleobases 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC), 5-formylcytosine (fC), and 5carboxycytosine (caC).1 These nucleobases seem to play an important role in epigenetic reprogramming of stem cells and some of these bas ...
Epigenetics 12
Epigenetics 12

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Nature Rev.Genet. 8
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Unit 4: Genetic Engineering and Gene Expression
Unit 4: Genetic Engineering and Gene Expression

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Ch. 18 - ltcconline.net
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Genetic Changes = Mutations
Genetic Changes = Mutations

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Smurfs, Trolls & Elves
Smurfs, Trolls & Elves

... • Elvin ears and facial structure/short stature • Often lack of ability to read or write clearly • Frequently, musical, story-telling and social ability enhanced ...
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IB104 - Lecture 15
IB104 - Lecture 15

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... genes to be transcribed. It is not known, if HMTs and HATs have a direct connection to each other. (B) In the postulated 'switch' hypothesis, phosphorylation of serines or threonines adjacent to lysines displaces histone methyl-binding proteins, accomplishing a binding platform for other proteins wi ...
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lec#18
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Inherited variation at the epigenetic level: paramutation from the
Inherited variation at the epigenetic level: paramutation from the

... excision of extrachromosomal material. The hypothesis of transposon insertion was far from absurd, as it was much later shown to be the cause of a hereditary epigenetic variation at the Agouti locus of the mouse [10]. It was not, however, to be confirmed in this case, nor in the subsequent observati ...
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... It is hypothesized there is an autosomally produced 'blocking factor' that binds to an X chromosome after fertilization and prevents its inactivation. Potentially, the blocking factor may affect the selection of which X chromosome at an early cell stage or perhaps at a later stage. The later the sta ...
Genetics Science Learning Center
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... "What is a Trait?" 22. Give an example of a physical trait: _________________________________________________ 23. A dog fetching a bone is an example of what kind of trait? _________________________________ 24. Scientists describe the set of information for each form of trait as an ________________ ...
Nature Rev.Genet
Nature Rev.Genet

... H3K27 demethylation and H3K4 methylation, whose activities are present in the same complex ...
< 1 ... 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 ... 76 >

Epigenetics



Epigenetics is the study, in the field of genetics, of cellular and physiological phenotypic trait variations that are caused by external or environmental factors that switch genes on and off and affect how cells read genes instead of being caused by changes in the DNA sequence. Hence, epigenetic research seeks to describe dynamic alterations in the transcriptional potential of a cell. These alterations may or may not be heritable, although the use of the term ""epigenetic"" to describe processes that are not heritable is controversial. Unlike genetics based on changes to the DNA sequence (the genotype), the changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype of epigenetics have other causes, thus use of the prefix epi- (Greek: επί- over, outside of, around).The term also refers to the changes themselves: functionally relevant changes to the genome that do not involve a change in the nucleotide sequence. Examples of mechanisms that produce such changes are DNA methylation and histone modification, each of which alters how genes are expressed without altering the underlying DNA sequence. Gene expression can be controlled through the action of repressor proteins that attach to silencer regions of the DNA. These epigenetic changes may last through cell divisions for the duration of the cell's life, and may also last for multiple generations even though they do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence of the organism; instead, non-genetic factors cause the organism's genes to behave (or ""express themselves"") differently.One example of an epigenetic change in eukaryotic biology is the process of cellular differentiation. During morphogenesis, totipotent stem cells become the various pluripotent cell lines of the embryo, which in turn become fully differentiated cells. In other words, as a single fertilized egg cell – the zygote – continues to divide, the resulting daughter cells change into all the different cell types in an organism, including neurons, muscle cells, epithelium, endothelium of blood vessels, etc., by activating some genes while inhibiting the expression of others.
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