• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Day33-Reduction - Rose
Day33-Reduction - Rose

... another Decision Problem P2 We say that P1 is reducible to P2 (written P1  P2) if • there is a Turing-computable function f that finds, for an arbitrary instance I of P1, an instance f(I) of P2, and • f is defined such that for every instance I of P1, I is a yes-instance of P1 if and only if f(I) i ...
Lecture Notes 12: Cognition and Computation
Lecture Notes 12: Cognition and Computation

... number of definitely distinct states, eg. “On” or “Off,” “Open” or “Closed”. A simple Turing machine: A device capable of reading, printing, and erasing symbols at defined places on a strip of paper or tape. ...
Introduction to Computer Science
Introduction to Computer Science

... The abstract model of general-purpose algorithmic machines 1936 by Alan M. Turing You will learn more in the class of automata and formal language 自動機與形式語言 ...
Turing Machines
Turing Machines

... •If L is decidable there is a Turing Machine that decides M •Let M* be the Turing machine that enumerates * •Construct a 3-tape Turing machine that enumerates L as follows:  M* will output words on the 2nd tape Every time M* outputs a word w, it is copied in the 3rd tape, where M checks if w is i ...
Document
Document

... – Just like the C/C++/Java you’re used to programming with, except you never run out of memory constructor methods always succeed malloc never fails ...
Computability
Computability

... • Use 3 tapes. 1. For initial information (definition of M and w) 2. Hold status info for which state of M and position in w 3. Working tape. ...
Predicates
Predicates

ppt
ppt

... halt – Otherwise, set to 0 and enter the “carry” state. Then, move backwards trying to find a 0… ...
Universal language Decision problems Reductions Post`s
Universal language Decision problems Reductions Post`s

< 1 2 3

Turing machine

A Turing machine is an abstract ""machine"" that manipulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a table of rules; to be more exact, it is a mathematical model that defines such a device. Despite its simplicity, a Turing machine can simulate the logic of any computer algorithm.The machine operates on an infinite memory tape divided into cells. The machine positions its head over a cell and ""reads"" (scans) the symbol there. Then per the symbol and its present place in a finite table of user-specified instructions the machine (i) writes a symbol (e.g. a digit or a letter from a finite alphabet) in the cell (some models allowing symbol erasure and/or no writing), then (ii) either moves the tape one cell left or right (some models allow no motion, some models move the head), then (iii) (as determined by the observed symbol and the machine's place in the table) either proceeds to a subsequent instruction or halts the computation.The Turing machine was invented in 1936 by Alan Turing, who called it an a-machine (automatic machine). With this model Turing was able to answer two questions in the negative: (1) Does a machine exist that can determine whether any arbitrary machine on its tape is ""circular"" (e.g. freezes, or fails to continue its computational task); similarly, (2) does a machine exist that can determine whether any arbitrary machine on its tape ever prints a given symbol. Thus by providing a mathematical description of a very simple device capable of arbitrary computations, he was able to prove properties of computation in general - and in particular, the uncomputability of the Hilbert Entscheidungsproblem (""decision problem"").Thus, Turing machines prove fundamental limitations on the power of mechanical computation. While they can express arbitrary computations, their minimalistic design makes them unsuitable for computation in practice: actual computers are based on different designs that, unlike Turing machines, use random access memory.Turing completeness is the ability for a system of instructions to simulate a Turing machine. A programming language that is Turing complete is theoretically capable of expressing all tasks accomplishable by computers; nearly all programming languages are Turing complete.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report