Cell-mediated immunity in pigeon breeders' lung:... removal from antigen exposure
... and giant cells of granulomas in the lung [4, 14]. HLA/ DR antigens, important for effective antigen presentation by macrophages to T-cells, are expressed on most alveolar macrophages in EAA but in similar numbers to normal controls and patients with other interstitial lung diseases [15). As it is w ...
... and giant cells of granulomas in the lung [4, 14]. HLA/ DR antigens, important for effective antigen presentation by macrophages to T-cells, are expressed on most alveolar macrophages in EAA but in similar numbers to normal controls and patients with other interstitial lung diseases [15). As it is w ...
Systemic features of immune recognition in the gut
... bacterial species as a virulence factor or as a symbiosis factor [40,41]. Moreover, type III and type IV secretion systems have been shown to be expressed by many commensal bacteria [42,43]. Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT), a fragment of a bacterial PGN, is known to be a powerful tissue-damaging factor [44 ...
... bacterial species as a virulence factor or as a symbiosis factor [40,41]. Moreover, type III and type IV secretion systems have been shown to be expressed by many commensal bacteria [42,43]. Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT), a fragment of a bacterial PGN, is known to be a powerful tissue-damaging factor [44 ...
Development of CD8+ T cells expressing two distinct receptors
... deterioration of immunological function and accelerated mortality rates [17]. It would therefore be advantageous to direct immune responses to epitopes specific to both pathogens. If one epitope is lost as a result of mutation(s), bispecific CTLs could still respond to other epitopes. Therefore, eli ...
... deterioration of immunological function and accelerated mortality rates [17]. It would therefore be advantageous to direct immune responses to epitopes specific to both pathogens. If one epitope is lost as a result of mutation(s), bispecific CTLs could still respond to other epitopes. Therefore, eli ...
Antibodies Instructional Module
... The tips of the Fab region, composed of heavy and light chains, are responsible for recognizing and binding to foreign objects. At the base of the antibody is the Fc region, composed of two heavy chains, and by binding to specific proteins ensures that the appropriate immune response is generated. F ...
... The tips of the Fab region, composed of heavy and light chains, are responsible for recognizing and binding to foreign objects. At the base of the antibody is the Fc region, composed of two heavy chains, and by binding to specific proteins ensures that the appropriate immune response is generated. F ...
10276005
... Although levels of serum anti-LPS and anti-CTB IgG antibodies increase considerably after II Page ...
... Although levels of serum anti-LPS and anti-CTB IgG antibodies increase considerably after II Page ...
Deconstructing the Genome: DNA at High Resolution
... cell, causing the cell to lyse and release viral progeny, which go on to infect and replicate inside neighboring cells, which lyse and release further virus particles, which continue this process. When a petri plate is coated with a continuous “lawn” of bacterial cells, an active viral infection can ...
... cell, causing the cell to lyse and release viral progeny, which go on to infect and replicate inside neighboring cells, which lyse and release further virus particles, which continue this process. When a petri plate is coated with a continuous “lawn” of bacterial cells, an active viral infection can ...
Section D - Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Chromosome Structure
... B sigma factor dramatically increases the relative affinity of the enzyme for correct promoter sites. C almost all RNA start sites consist of a purine residue, with A being more common than G. D all promoters are inhibited by negative ...
... B sigma factor dramatically increases the relative affinity of the enzyme for correct promoter sites. C almost all RNA start sites consist of a purine residue, with A being more common than G. D all promoters are inhibited by negative ...
Cytokine production of RSV/PHA-stimulated tonsillar mononuclear S. Ichinohe , I.R. Hussain
... the profile of cytokines they produce [4]. Interferon (IFN)-c has antiviral activity and is the major effector type-1 cytokine. Interleukin (IL)-12, -15 and -18 are all produced by antigen presenting cells and induce type-1 activity in T-cells. IL-4, -5, -10 and -13 are produced by type-2 T-cells an ...
... the profile of cytokines they produce [4]. Interferon (IFN)-c has antiviral activity and is the major effector type-1 cytokine. Interleukin (IL)-12, -15 and -18 are all produced by antigen presenting cells and induce type-1 activity in T-cells. IL-4, -5, -10 and -13 are produced by type-2 T-cells an ...
- Wiley Online Library
... control ligand specificity through sequence-specific hydrophobic contacts with the cognate CSP, and the exact mechanism by which the hydrophobic patch of the CSPhelix facilitates receptor recognition remains elusive (Johnsborg et al., 2006). CSP binding presumably brings about a conformational chang ...
... control ligand specificity through sequence-specific hydrophobic contacts with the cognate CSP, and the exact mechanism by which the hydrophobic patch of the CSPhelix facilitates receptor recognition remains elusive (Johnsborg et al., 2006). CSP binding presumably brings about a conformational chang ...
Complexity miniproject proposal
... could be produced from 20 amino acids and presented by MHC molecules (~10 different pMHCs). This discrepancy suggests that even if TCRs are highly specific, TCR recognition cannot be one-to-one and a single TCR can respond to a large number of pMHCs. T cell antigen recognition can be expressed in te ...
... could be produced from 20 amino acids and presented by MHC molecules (~10 different pMHCs). This discrepancy suggests that even if TCRs are highly specific, TCR recognition cannot be one-to-one and a single TCR can respond to a large number of pMHCs. T cell antigen recognition can be expressed in te ...
Monoclonal Versus Polyclonal Antibodies: Distinguishing
... antibodies (MAbs1) are antibodies produced by a single B lymphocyte clone. MAbs were first recognized in sera of patients with multiple myeloma in which clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells produce high levels of an identical antibody resulting in a monoclonal gammopathy. In the mid-1970s, Kö ...
... antibodies (MAbs1) are antibodies produced by a single B lymphocyte clone. MAbs were first recognized in sera of patients with multiple myeloma in which clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells produce high levels of an identical antibody resulting in a monoclonal gammopathy. In the mid-1970s, Kö ...
Chapter 2 Assignment: Genetics
... Healthy genes are inhaled as free DNA fragments in an air sample. Healthy genes are injected into lung cells through microsurgery. ...
... Healthy genes are inhaled as free DNA fragments in an air sample. Healthy genes are injected into lung cells through microsurgery. ...
In vitro Induction of Myeloid Leukemia ^ Specific - Bio
... multiple epitopes that bind diverse HLA molecules and induce broadly directed antigen-specific T-cell responses (13). Furthermore, complete proteins contain peptide sequences available for presentation by MHC class II as well as class I molecules, thus making possible combined CD4 and CD8 T-cell res ...
... multiple epitopes that bind diverse HLA molecules and induce broadly directed antigen-specific T-cell responses (13). Furthermore, complete proteins contain peptide sequences available for presentation by MHC class II as well as class I molecules, thus making possible combined CD4 and CD8 T-cell res ...
Analysis of a Rhizobium leguminosarum gene
... The deduced polypeptide product of gstA has a calculated molecular mass of 21989 Da. A database search of its predicted amino acid sequence showed it to be homologous to a number of GST or GST-like sequences from plants, animals and other bacteria (Fig. 2). The similarity in sequence is most strikin ...
... The deduced polypeptide product of gstA has a calculated molecular mass of 21989 Da. A database search of its predicted amino acid sequence showed it to be homologous to a number of GST or GST-like sequences from plants, animals and other bacteria (Fig. 2). The similarity in sequence is most strikin ...
Coffee, B, Zhang, F, Warren, ST and Reines, D: Acetylated histones are associated with the FMR1 gene in normal but not fragile X syndrome cells. Nature Genetics 22:98-101 (1999).
... patients whose FMR1 gene is transcriptionally silent23,24. These results are consistent with a model in which CGG-repeat expansion and methylation of FMR1 result in the recruitment of transcriptional silencing machinery to the gene, followed by loss of transcription. The inability to reactivate tran ...
... patients whose FMR1 gene is transcriptionally silent23,24. These results are consistent with a model in which CGG-repeat expansion and methylation of FMR1 result in the recruitment of transcriptional silencing machinery to the gene, followed by loss of transcription. The inability to reactivate tran ...
Review Immunoglobulins in Defense, Pathogenesis, and Therapy of Fungal Diseases
... in host defense against fungi, and they have brought about a paradigm shift in our thinking on this question. Prior to the 1990s, AMI was considered to be irrelevant in host defense against fungi (for review, see Casadevall, 1995), as the experimental methods that were in use at the time were not ab ...
... in host defense against fungi, and they have brought about a paradigm shift in our thinking on this question. Prior to the 1990s, AMI was considered to be irrelevant in host defense against fungi (for review, see Casadevall, 1995), as the experimental methods that were in use at the time were not ab ...
determining the innate and adaptive immune responses to vesicular
... The goal of this research project is to determine the response of dendritic cells and T cells to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors that express flagellin. VSV is currently in clinical trials as a recombinant vaccine vector against heterologous antigens (1). Incorporating flagellin gene into t ...
... The goal of this research project is to determine the response of dendritic cells and T cells to vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors that express flagellin. VSV is currently in clinical trials as a recombinant vaccine vector against heterologous antigens (1). Incorporating flagellin gene into t ...
Annual Progress Report for the
... Maryland. Using the cRNA-based reverse genetics system developed for IBDV, residues involved in virulence and pathogenesis were identified that could lead to the development of a marked, attenuated, multi-spectrum vaccine against IBDV. Maryland. Dermal DNA vaccination of chickens using the HN gene o ...
... Maryland. Using the cRNA-based reverse genetics system developed for IBDV, residues involved in virulence and pathogenesis were identified that could lead to the development of a marked, attenuated, multi-spectrum vaccine against IBDV. Maryland. Dermal DNA vaccination of chickens using the HN gene o ...
Characterization and bacterial-binding activity of a - Funpec-RP
... pathogens to two distinct groups of lectins, mannan-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolins, with which MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) associate to activate C4, C2 and C3 (Endo et al., 2003; Dodds and Matsushita, 2007; Gaboriaud et al., 2007). The MBL and ficolins have three similar domains: a cy ...
... pathogens to two distinct groups of lectins, mannan-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolins, with which MBL-associated serine proteases (MASPs) associate to activate C4, C2 and C3 (Endo et al., 2003; Dodds and Matsushita, 2007; Gaboriaud et al., 2007). The MBL and ficolins have three similar domains: a cy ...
Post-traumatic stress disorder - Resurrecting Lives Foundation
... that are distinct from those of glucocorticoids; however, they also modulate the immune system via cytokine secretion. Dopamine, serotonin, glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid, neuropeptide Y and corticotropin-releasing factor may function in the modulation of stress, but they are not included in the ...
... that are distinct from those of glucocorticoids; however, they also modulate the immune system via cytokine secretion. Dopamine, serotonin, glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid, neuropeptide Y and corticotropin-releasing factor may function in the modulation of stress, but they are not included in the ...
Sequences of flavivirus-related RNA viruses persist in DNA form
... an artefact resulting from the manipulation of mosquito cell lines, since they exist under natural conditions. This finding has major implications regarding evolution, as it represents an entirely different mechanism by which genetic diversity may be generated in eukaryotic cells distinct from accep ...
... an artefact resulting from the manipulation of mosquito cell lines, since they exist under natural conditions. This finding has major implications regarding evolution, as it represents an entirely different mechanism by which genetic diversity may be generated in eukaryotic cells distinct from accep ...
DNA vaccination
DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting an animal against disease by injecting it with genetically engineered DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, resulting in a protective immunological response. Several DNA vaccines have been released for veterinary use, and there has been promising research using the vaccines for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases, as well as to several tumour types. Although only one DNA vaccine has been approved for human use, DNA vaccines may have a number of potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types.