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Genome - Faperta UGM
Genome - Faperta UGM

... Low copy plasmids (1 –2 copies per cell) Plasmids may be incompatible with each other Are used as vectors that could carry a foreign gene of interest (e.g. insulin) ...
Genetics Unit Syllabus 2016
Genetics Unit Syllabus 2016

... dependent on the transfer of genetic information and that this transfer happens in a predictable fashion that leads to genetic expression, (2) of the mechanism of cell division for somatic (mitosis) and sex cells (meiosis), and (3) of the structure and function of DNA & RNA to create proteins.  GEN ...
Genes are `coded instructions` for making proteins and that DNA is
Genes are `coded instructions` for making proteins and that DNA is

Transposition and transposable elements
Transposition and transposable elements

... “degenerate” transposons • many naturally occurring transposable elements have suffered mutation and are no longer active • some of these may have cis-acting end mutations and cannot be mobilized • others may have intact ends but no transposase: these can be mobilized by a element that is tnp+ (“au ...
Improved Efficacy of a Gene Optimised Adenovirus
Improved Efficacy of a Gene Optimised Adenovirus

... protein of HIV delivered by a DNA vaccine increased gene expression by 10-fold compared to wild-type. A substantially increased humoral and cellular immune response in Balb/c mice was elicited, which was independent of the route of administration [30]. Similarly, optimisation of the Pr55gag genes in ...
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... with DNA and observed that in each organism the amount of the 4 nitrogen bases was equal. Although, the amount of DNA was different between different types of organisms - His experiments resulted in the base pairing rule : [A] = [T] and [G] = [C] ...
Honors Biology
Honors Biology

... 8. Explain the roles of the start and stop codons. 9. Describe the genetic code. 10. Summarize the process of translation. 11. Know the differences between chromosome mutations and gene mutations. 12. Define gene expression. 13. Describe the regulation of the lac operon in prokaryotes. 14. Distingui ...
Standard B-5 - Wando High School
Standard B-5 - Wando High School

... o The sequence of mRNA nucleotides determines the order of the amino acids in the protein chain which, in turn, distinguishes one protein from another in structure and function. Another type of RNA, transfer RNA (tRNA), is vital in assembling amino acids into the correct sequence for the required pr ...
Honors Biology Mid
Honors Biology Mid

... 8. Explain the roles of the start and stop codons. 9. Describe the genetic code. 10. Summarize the process of translation. 11. Know the differences between chromosome mutations and gene mutations. 12. Define gene expression. 13. Describe the regulation of the lac operon in prokaryotes. 14. Distingui ...
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Leukaemia Section t(2;11)(q11;q23) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

... 13-15 kb mRNA. Protein 431 kDa; contains two DNA binding motifs (a AT hook, and Zinc fingers), a DNA methyl transferase motif, a bromodomain; transcriptional regulatory factor; nuclear localisation. ...
ch11dna - cpolumbo
ch11dna - cpolumbo

... STR is another method of DNA typing. STR’s are locations (loci) on the chromosome that contain short sequences of 2 to 5 bases that repeat themselves in the DNA molecule. The advantages of this method are that it provides greater discrimination, requires less time, a smaller sample size, and the DNA ...
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... Describe the protective functions of skin and mucous membranes. Explain the importance of phagocytes and natural killer cells. Describe the inflammatory process. Name several antimicrobial substances produced by the body that act in nonspecific body defense. Explain how fever helps protect the body ...
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... and a plasmid) generates one big circle. This type of recombination does occur, joining the two circles. The process can be reversed, regenerating the two individual circles. If mistakes are made during the "reverse" cut and "un-join" event, some of the DNA that used to be on the chromosome will end ...
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Biotechnology 2

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HIV Vaccines Overview

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Coloration in Jaguars Have you ever seen a jaguar in a zoo? Most

... What effect did the change in DNA that led to the insecticide resistance have? Mosquitoes and other organisms have an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase, or AChE, in the synapses between neurons. This enzyme helps remove a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine from the synapse. Insecticides cause th ...
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Chapter 27: Bacteria and Archaea - Biology E

... capsule if it is dense and well defined or a slime layer if it is less organized. Both kinds of sticky outer layers enable prokaryotes to adhere to their substrate or to other individuals in a colony. Some capsules and slime layers protect against dehydration, and some shield pathogenic prokaryotes ...
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How Does the Body Fight Disease? How Does HIV Affect the

... can cause disease. ...
b3c2_checklist
b3c2_checklist

... I can describe the structure of DNA. I can describe how scientists worked together to discover the structure of DNA. I can describe the process of peer review. I can describe the evidence that Darwin used to develop his theory of ...
FREE Sample Here
FREE Sample Here

... b. the statement that genes are perpetuated as nucleic acid, but function in the form of protein. c. the relationship between a nucleotide sequence of DNA and the corresponding gene sequence of DNA. d. the relationship between a three-nucleotide sequence of mRNA and the corresponding amino acid. ...
Regulation of Gene Activity in Eukaryotes
Regulation of Gene Activity in Eukaryotes

... The Problems to Be Solved before Gene Therapy • It is not possible to remove certain types of cells from the body in order to genetically to modify them, nor can all types of cell be grown successfully in culture. • There are major problems inherent in attempting to introduce foreign DNA into speci ...
Fingerprinting Disease
Fingerprinting Disease

... to preventive medicine seem like too little, too late. The immune system can reveal so much because the cells that make it up are so diverse. A healthy human has millions of unique immune cells; many circulate in the blood and play major roles in the body’s response to foreign invaders. Each of thes ...
More Basic Biotechnology Tools Many uses of restriction enzymes
More Basic Biotechnology Tools Many uses of restriction enzymes

... Example: test for Huntington’s disease ...
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DNA vaccination



DNA vaccination is a technique for protecting an animal against disease by injecting it with genetically engineered DNA so cells directly produce an antigen, resulting in a protective immunological response. Several DNA vaccines have been released for veterinary use, and there has been promising research using the vaccines for viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases, as well as to several tumour types. Although only one DNA vaccine has been approved for human use, DNA vaccines may have a number of potential advantages over conventional vaccines, including the ability to induce a wider range of immune response types.
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