Table of Contents - NAU jan.ucc.nau.edu web server
... special sequence of DNA . The promoter determines the direction, which strand to read, and direction to take RNA polymerase binds to the promoter. Once the polymerase is attached to the promoter DNA, the DNA strands unwind and ...
... special sequence of DNA . The promoter determines the direction, which strand to read, and direction to take RNA polymerase binds to the promoter. Once the polymerase is attached to the promoter DNA, the DNA strands unwind and ...
Leishmania donovani - Oxford Academic
... binding site from Tetrahymena rDNA (31). The most reliable homology model generated for the parasite protein comprised 544 residues and showed an RMSD of 0.8 Å over Cα positions for 445 equivalent residues of the human topoisomerase I structure, 1A36, the superposition being depicted in Figure 3. Th ...
... binding site from Tetrahymena rDNA (31). The most reliable homology model generated for the parasite protein comprised 544 residues and showed an RMSD of 0.8 Å over Cα positions for 445 equivalent residues of the human topoisomerase I structure, 1A36, the superposition being depicted in Figure 3. Th ...
Creating 3-Dimensional Graph Structures with DNA
... conjugated to paramagnetic beads. The resulting mixture is sequentially treated in a similar way with each vertex speci c oligo. The extraction procedure is undoubtedly less then 100% e ective. With repeated use, errors will tend to accumulate and could result in false positives (i.e., concluding th ...
... conjugated to paramagnetic beads. The resulting mixture is sequentially treated in a similar way with each vertex speci c oligo. The extraction procedure is undoubtedly less then 100% e ective. With repeated use, errors will tend to accumulate and could result in false positives (i.e., concluding th ...
Nucleic Acids
... the antiparallel strand must be thymine. Similarly, if the purine in one strand is guanine, its complement in the antiparallel strand must be cytosine. A significant feature of Watson and Crick’s model is that no other base pairing is consistent with the observed thickness of a DNA molecule. A pair o ...
... the antiparallel strand must be thymine. Similarly, if the purine in one strand is guanine, its complement in the antiparallel strand must be cytosine. A significant feature of Watson and Crick’s model is that no other base pairing is consistent with the observed thickness of a DNA molecule. A pair o ...
Polymerase chain reaction and its applications
... Therefore, primer design should follow certain rules:6 primers should lie within highly conserved regions of the genome of interest; they should be 14 -- 40 nucleotides long with a balanced G+C content of around 50%; they must not be complementary to each other (to prevent primer dimer formation) an ...
... Therefore, primer design should follow certain rules:6 primers should lie within highly conserved regions of the genome of interest; they should be 14 -- 40 nucleotides long with a balanced G+C content of around 50%; they must not be complementary to each other (to prevent primer dimer formation) an ...
Homogenisation in the ribosomal RNA genes of an Epichloe
... forbearance, beers, inspiration, etc., etc. - a nigh-on impossible task! So to everyone who I omit to mention personally - cheers , I'll buy you a beer sometime! First I want to thank my parents, Janine and Garth, for their unconditional love and support throughout. It was them who instilled in me t ...
... forbearance, beers, inspiration, etc., etc. - a nigh-on impossible task! So to everyone who I omit to mention personally - cheers , I'll buy you a beer sometime! First I want to thank my parents, Janine and Garth, for their unconditional love and support throughout. It was them who instilled in me t ...
Allele replacement: an application that permits rapid manipulation of
... only 12 h of passage (data not shown). However, Cunningham and Davison6 had shown that heterogeneity existed in cos 28 isolates. This was due to the instability of OriL sequences. To ascertain whether OriL sequences were stable in HSV-BAC, we digested clone p25 or cos 28 with KpnI (Figure 2b). We co ...
... only 12 h of passage (data not shown). However, Cunningham and Davison6 had shown that heterogeneity existed in cos 28 isolates. This was due to the instability of OriL sequences. To ascertain whether OriL sequences were stable in HSV-BAC, we digested clone p25 or cos 28 with KpnI (Figure 2b). We co ...
Tracking bacterial DNA replication forks in vivo by pulsed field gel
... chromosomal DNA replication with PFG electrophoresis. E. coli strain AQ2, derived from isolate 15, was pulse labeled with 14C-thymidine at various times during amino acid starvation and after the start of synchronous DNA synthesis. Intact chromosomal DNA was prepared in agarose and digested with the ...
... chromosomal DNA replication with PFG electrophoresis. E. coli strain AQ2, derived from isolate 15, was pulse labeled with 14C-thymidine at various times during amino acid starvation and after the start of synchronous DNA synthesis. Intact chromosomal DNA was prepared in agarose and digested with the ...
Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methylation Occurs Rapidly at the Onset
... DNA was counterstained with DAPI, and the X or Y chromosome was identified by appropriate chromosome paint (Texas red; Cambio, Cambridge). (A) Example of a metaphase spread from undifferentiated PGK12.1 XX ES cells. H3-K9 methylation was seen in pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin and at a ...
... DNA was counterstained with DAPI, and the X or Y chromosome was identified by appropriate chromosome paint (Texas red; Cambio, Cambridge). (A) Example of a metaphase spread from undifferentiated PGK12.1 XX ES cells. H3-K9 methylation was seen in pericentromeric constitutive heterochromatin and at a ...
Genome-wide DNA replication profile for
... replication in S phase. Notably, the region of chromosome 2L proximal to the centromere did not replicate late in S phase, even though it contains genes, such as light (lt) and concertina (cta), that require proximity to heterochromatin for proper regulation12 and therefore have been defined as hete ...
... replication in S phase. Notably, the region of chromosome 2L proximal to the centromere did not replicate late in S phase, even though it contains genes, such as light (lt) and concertina (cta), that require proximity to heterochromatin for proper regulation12 and therefore have been defined as hete ...
Functional genomics identifies a Myb domain– containing protein
... Figure 3. KNL-2 and CeCENP-A make functionally equivalent contributions to kinetochore assembly and chromosome condensation and are physically proximal on chromatin. (A) Like CeCENP-A, KNL-2 is required for the localization of CeCENP-C, KNL-1, and BUB-1 to kinetochores. (B) Depletion of CeCENP-C, KN ...
... Figure 3. KNL-2 and CeCENP-A make functionally equivalent contributions to kinetochore assembly and chromosome condensation and are physically proximal on chromatin. (A) Like CeCENP-A, KNL-2 is required for the localization of CeCENP-C, KNL-1, and BUB-1 to kinetochores. (B) Depletion of CeCENP-C, KN ...
Methylation of an upstream Alu sequence on the Imprinted H19
... Alu sequences are repetitive 300 base pair, site specific elements interspersed in primate genomes. They contain numerous CpG islands that are sometimes methylated. Alu methylation differs between somatic and germ cell DNA, suggesting a possible role for Alu sequences in genomic imprinting. The obje ...
... Alu sequences are repetitive 300 base pair, site specific elements interspersed in primate genomes. They contain numerous CpG islands that are sometimes methylated. Alu methylation differs between somatic and germ cell DNA, suggesting a possible role for Alu sequences in genomic imprinting. The obje ...
Bacteria Transformation
... People with diabetes may not have enough insulin or may not be able to use it properly. Insulin is a hormone that controls the level of blood sugar (also called glucose) in your body. The sugar then builds up in the blood and overflows into the urine, passing out of your body unused. This deprives y ...
... People with diabetes may not have enough insulin or may not be able to use it properly. Insulin is a hormone that controls the level of blood sugar (also called glucose) in your body. The sugar then builds up in the blood and overflows into the urine, passing out of your body unused. This deprives y ...
Bis2A 12.2 Eukaryotic Transcription
... features. However, eukaryotic promoters and other gene regulatory sequences may evolve as well. For instance, consider a gene that, over many generations, becomes more valuable to the cell. Maybe the gene encodes a structural protein that the cell needs to synthesize in abundance for a certain funct ...
... features. However, eukaryotic promoters and other gene regulatory sequences may evolve as well. For instance, consider a gene that, over many generations, becomes more valuable to the cell. Maybe the gene encodes a structural protein that the cell needs to synthesize in abundance for a certain funct ...
High Frequency of Recombination (Hfr)
... Hfr DNA that is not incorporated in the F- strand, and DNA that has crossed out of the F- strand is ...
... Hfr DNA that is not incorporated in the F- strand, and DNA that has crossed out of the F- strand is ...
Report Distinct Dynamics of HISTONE3 Variants
... five paternal and ten maternal chromosomes. The triploid endosperm nuclei thus display 15 centromeres marked by HTR12 [40]. Surprisingly, the ten centromeres of the maternal chromosomes remained unmarked by paternal HTR12-GFP during the first three syncytial divisions (Figures 3B and 3C). The absenc ...
... five paternal and ten maternal chromosomes. The triploid endosperm nuclei thus display 15 centromeres marked by HTR12 [40]. Surprisingly, the ten centromeres of the maternal chromosomes remained unmarked by paternal HTR12-GFP during the first three syncytial divisions (Figures 3B and 3C). The absenc ...
Transcriptional and epigenetic control of gene expression in embryo
... and dorsal ectoderm, during early Drosophila embryo development. In addition, these different chromatin states can be linked to distinct modes of Pol II regulation. Our results provide novel insights into how gene regulatory networks form an epigenetic landscape and how their coordinated actions spe ...
... and dorsal ectoderm, during early Drosophila embryo development. In addition, these different chromatin states can be linked to distinct modes of Pol II regulation. Our results provide novel insights into how gene regulatory networks form an epigenetic landscape and how their coordinated actions spe ...
High Frequency of Recombination (Hfr)
... Hfr DNA that is not incorporated in the F- strand, and DNA that has crossed out of the F- strand is ...
... Hfr DNA that is not incorporated in the F- strand, and DNA that has crossed out of the F- strand is ...
Text Book of Molecular Biology
... The wavelength of maximum absorption of light by nucleic acids is 260nm,(lambda max=260) which is conveniently distinct from the lambda max of protein(280nm). The absorption properties of nucleic acids can be used for detection, quantitation and assessment of purity of nucleic acids. Ⅴ. Denaturation ...
... The wavelength of maximum absorption of light by nucleic acids is 260nm,(lambda max=260) which is conveniently distinct from the lambda max of protein(280nm). The absorption properties of nucleic acids can be used for detection, quantitation and assessment of purity of nucleic acids. Ⅴ. Denaturation ...
Molecular Genetics
... Answer: A mutagen in a body cell becomes part of the of the genetic sequence in that cell and in future daughter cells. The cell may die or simply not perform its normal function. These mutations are not passed on to the next generation. When mutations occur in sex cells, they will be present in eve ...
... Answer: A mutagen in a body cell becomes part of the of the genetic sequence in that cell and in future daughter cells. The cell may die or simply not perform its normal function. These mutations are not passed on to the next generation. When mutations occur in sex cells, they will be present in eve ...
Slide 1
... Answer: A mutagen in a body cell becomes part of the of the genetic sequence in that cell and in future daughter cells. The cell may die or simply not perform its normal function. These mutations are not passed on to the next generation. When mutations occur in sex cells, they will be present in eve ...
... Answer: A mutagen in a body cell becomes part of the of the genetic sequence in that cell and in future daughter cells. The cell may die or simply not perform its normal function. These mutations are not passed on to the next generation. When mutations occur in sex cells, they will be present in eve ...
Mitochondriontoplastid DNA transfer: it happens
... New Phytologist Ó 2014 New Phytologist Trust ...
... New Phytologist Ó 2014 New Phytologist Trust ...
POB3 Is Required for Both Transcription and Replication
... Both SPT16 (Malone et al. 1991) and POB3 (Wittmeyer and Formosa 1997) are essential genes that are highly conserved among eukaryotes (Wittmeyer and Formosa 1997; Evans et al. 1998). Heterodimers of Spt16 and Pob3 homologs have been purified from human and frog cells (Okuhara et al. 1999; Orphanides ...
... Both SPT16 (Malone et al. 1991) and POB3 (Wittmeyer and Formosa 1997) are essential genes that are highly conserved among eukaryotes (Wittmeyer and Formosa 1997; Evans et al. 1998). Heterodimers of Spt16 and Pob3 homologs have been purified from human and frog cells (Okuhara et al. 1999; Orphanides ...
Quantifying the DNA Binding Properties of the Binuclear Ruthenium
... negatively charged deoxyribose sugar-phosphate backbone, which twisted in a way to create a major and minor groove pattern.9 Most commonly, DNA is a right handed molecule, has a diameter of 2 nanometers and a base pair separation of 0.34 nanometers. The angle of its rotation results in the structure ...
... negatively charged deoxyribose sugar-phosphate backbone, which twisted in a way to create a major and minor groove pattern.9 Most commonly, DNA is a right handed molecule, has a diameter of 2 nanometers and a base pair separation of 0.34 nanometers. The angle of its rotation results in the structure ...
Nucleosome
A nucleosome is a basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores. This structure is often compared to thread wrapped around a spool.Nucleosomes form the fundamental repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin, which is used to pack the large eukaryotic genomes into the nucleus while still ensuring appropriate access to it (in mammalian cells approximately 2 m of linear DNA have to be packed into a nucleus of roughly 10 µm diameter). Nucleosomes are folded through a series of successively higher order structures to eventually form a chromosome; this both compacts DNA and creates an added layer of regulatory control, which ensures correct gene expression. Nucleosomes are thought to carry epigenetically inherited information in the form of covalent modifications of their core histones.Nucleosomes were observed as particles in the electron microscope by Don and Ada Olins and their existence and structure (as histone octamers surrounded by approximately 200 base pairs of DNA) were proposed by Roger Kornberg. The role of the nucleosome as a general gene repressor was demonstrated by Lorch et al. in vitro and by Han and Grunstein in vivo.The nucleosome core particle consists of approximately 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped in 1.67 left-handed superhelical turns around a histone octamer consisting of 2 copies each of the core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Core particles are connected by stretches of ""linker DNA"", which can be up to about 80 bp long. Technically, a nucleosome is defined as the core particle plus one of these linker regions; however the word is often synonymous with the core particle. Genome-wide nucleosome positioning maps are now available for many model organisms including mouse liver and brain.Linker histones such as H1 and its isoforms are involved in chromatin compaction and sit at the base of the nucleosome near the DNA entry and exit binding to the linker region of the DNA. Non-condensed nucleosomes without the linker histone resemble ""beads on a string of DNA"" under an electron microscope.In contrast to most eukaryotic cells, mature sperm cells largely use protamines to package their genomic DNA, most likely to achieve an even higher packaging ratio. Histone equivalents and a simplified chromatin structure have also been found in Archea, suggesting that eukaryotes are not the only organisms that use nucleosomes.