Lecture 10: Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA)
... 2) Transfer RNA (tRNA): Molecule in cells that brings the amino acids and transport them to the ribosome for making protein. ...
... 2) Transfer RNA (tRNA): Molecule in cells that brings the amino acids and transport them to the ribosome for making protein. ...
Chapter 12 Test Review
... 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of a ribosome rRNA. 23. Which organelle makes proteins when its rRNA moves along the mRNA ...
... 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of a ribosome rRNA. 23. Which organelle makes proteins when its rRNA moves along the mRNA ...
Chapter 12 Test Review
... 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of a ribosome rRNA. 23. Which organelle makes proteins when its rRNA moves along the mRNA ...
... 20. During transcription, the hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken. 21. A three-base code (on mRNA) for an amino acid is called a codon. 22. This type of RNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of a ribosome rRNA. 23. Which organelle makes proteins when its rRNA moves along the mRNA ...
Introductory Biology Primer - A computational tour of the human
... • All hereditary information encoded in doublestranded DNA • Each cell in an organism has same DNA • DNA RNA protein • Proteins have many diverse roles in cell ...
... • All hereditary information encoded in doublestranded DNA • Each cell in an organism has same DNA • DNA RNA protein • Proteins have many diverse roles in cell ...
82. The Double Helix
... 82. The Double Helix This plate illustrates the double helix structure of DNA proposed by Watson and Crick and widely accepted today as correct. To allow a better view of the parts of the molecule, the spaces between base pairs has been greatly exaggerated. The upper end of the illustration is highl ...
... 82. The Double Helix This plate illustrates the double helix structure of DNA proposed by Watson and Crick and widely accepted today as correct. To allow a better view of the parts of the molecule, the spaces between base pairs has been greatly exaggerated. The upper end of the illustration is highl ...
DNA PPT
... are actually used by the cell to create proteins. Genes can be anywhere from 100’s to 1000’s of base pairs long. ...
... are actually used by the cell to create proteins. Genes can be anywhere from 100’s to 1000’s of base pairs long. ...
UNIT 7 TEST DNA TEST BLUEPRINT
... UNIT 7 DNA TEST A 1. When the __ for insulin is inserted into bacteria, they can be used to mass-produce insulin. a) chromosome b) gene c) fragment d) base 2. Who discovered the structure of DNA and made a model of it? a) Mendel b) Hershey and Chase c) Watson and Crick d) Wilkins and Franklin 3. Whi ...
... UNIT 7 DNA TEST A 1. When the __ for insulin is inserted into bacteria, they can be used to mass-produce insulin. a) chromosome b) gene c) fragment d) base 2. Who discovered the structure of DNA and made a model of it? a) Mendel b) Hershey and Chase c) Watson and Crick d) Wilkins and Franklin 3. Whi ...
Bio 102 Practice Problems
... variety of logical reasons. Which one of the following was NOT cited as a reason to doubt that DNA was the genetic material? A. DNA is made up of only four nucleotides and is too simple to encode complex traits. B. The experiments were done with bacteria, and bacteria may be too simple to have genes ...
... variety of logical reasons. Which one of the following was NOT cited as a reason to doubt that DNA was the genetic material? A. DNA is made up of only four nucleotides and is too simple to encode complex traits. B. The experiments were done with bacteria, and bacteria may be too simple to have genes ...
Central Dogma PowerPoint
... information from the genome, located in the nucleus of the cell, to the ribosomes, which are located outside of the nucleus either in the cytosol or on the endoplasmic reticulum ...
... information from the genome, located in the nucleus of the cell, to the ribosomes, which are located outside of the nucleus either in the cytosol or on the endoplasmic reticulum ...
Exam 2
... P selectively labels nucleotides (via phosphate group) but not proteins because P is in nucleic acid but not protein. 35S elements selectively labels proteins but not nucleic acids because S is in protein but not nucleic acids. Thus, the location of the DNA and proteins could be independently follow ...
... P selectively labels nucleotides (via phosphate group) but not proteins because P is in nucleic acid but not protein. 35S elements selectively labels proteins but not nucleic acids because S is in protein but not nucleic acids. Thus, the location of the DNA and proteins could be independently follow ...
document
... The Smallest Scissors in the World Have you ever used your word processor’s Search function? You can specify a sequence of letters, whether it is a sentence, a word, or nonsense, and the program scrolls rapidly through your document, finding every occurrence of that sequence. How might such a functi ...
... The Smallest Scissors in the World Have you ever used your word processor’s Search function? You can specify a sequence of letters, whether it is a sentence, a word, or nonsense, and the program scrolls rapidly through your document, finding every occurrence of that sequence. How might such a functi ...
Forensic DNA Analysis
... Single-cell sensitivity because each cell contains ~1000 mitochondria = very high contamination risk! Heteroplasmy - more than one mtDNA type manifesting in different tissues in the same individual Lower power of discrimination - maternal relatives all share the same mtDNA ...
... Single-cell sensitivity because each cell contains ~1000 mitochondria = very high contamination risk! Heteroplasmy - more than one mtDNA type manifesting in different tissues in the same individual Lower power of discrimination - maternal relatives all share the same mtDNA ...
Exam 3
... 2. Spontaneous tautomerization and addition of base analogues both cause mutations in the DNA by a common mechanism. BRIEFLY explain how these events cause mutations to occur? Spontaneous tautomerization is a transient shift in a proton on a nitrogenous base from one atom to another. This shift alte ...
... 2. Spontaneous tautomerization and addition of base analogues both cause mutations in the DNA by a common mechanism. BRIEFLY explain how these events cause mutations to occur? Spontaneous tautomerization is a transient shift in a proton on a nitrogenous base from one atom to another. This shift alte ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... self replicates, and all RNA molecules are synthesized on DNA templates. Both these processes take advantage of base complementarity; a feature that is central to the structure of DNA and RNA. All proteins are determined by RNA templates by employing a universal code called the genetic code. For sur ...
... self replicates, and all RNA molecules are synthesized on DNA templates. Both these processes take advantage of base complementarity; a feature that is central to the structure of DNA and RNA. All proteins are determined by RNA templates by employing a universal code called the genetic code. For sur ...
CHAPTER 6: RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY
... The insert contains a selectable marker which allows for identification of recombinant molecules. An antibiotic marker is often used so a host cell without a vector dies when exposed to a certain antibiotic, and the host with the vector will live because it is resistant. The vector is inserted into ...
... The insert contains a selectable marker which allows for identification of recombinant molecules. An antibiotic marker is often used so a host cell without a vector dies when exposed to a certain antibiotic, and the host with the vector will live because it is resistant. The vector is inserted into ...
DNA unit Summary
... Another name for this spiral is the double helix (double because there are two strands). The two strands of nucleotides are held together by weak hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen-containing bases. The sides of the ladder consist of phosphate groups alternating with a five-carbon sugar. In DNA, de ...
... Another name for this spiral is the double helix (double because there are two strands). The two strands of nucleotides are held together by weak hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen-containing bases. The sides of the ladder consist of phosphate groups alternating with a five-carbon sugar. In DNA, de ...
Proteins determine what?
... protein and list the location of each process? • Transcription (nucleus), translation (primarily at the ribosomes) and proteins synthesis (ribosomes) ...
... protein and list the location of each process? • Transcription (nucleus), translation (primarily at the ribosomes) and proteins synthesis (ribosomes) ...
Chapter 12 - Biotechnology
... are susceptible to infections because their white blood cells do not produce an enzyme needed by their immune systems. This disease has been treated in two different ways. In a short-term solution, the white blood cells were removed and infected with a retrovirus that carried the needed gene. After ...
... are susceptible to infections because their white blood cells do not produce an enzyme needed by their immune systems. This disease has been treated in two different ways. In a short-term solution, the white blood cells were removed and infected with a retrovirus that carried the needed gene. After ...
talk_DNAEditing
... • Significant fraction of the DNA originates from infection by ancient RNA viruses, spreading through the genome by reverse transcription and replication. • Some of them ‘domesticated’ to benefit the host cell (not really junk!), but some induce deleterious mutations. • One of the mechanisms to rest ...
... • Significant fraction of the DNA originates from infection by ancient RNA viruses, spreading through the genome by reverse transcription and replication. • Some of them ‘domesticated’ to benefit the host cell (not really junk!), but some induce deleterious mutations. • One of the mechanisms to rest ...
Chapter 12 - Biotechnology
... are susceptible to infections because their white blood cells do not produce an enzyme needed by their immune systems. This disease has been treated in two different ways. In a short-term solution, the white blood cells were removed and infected with a retrovirus that carried the needed gene. After ...
... are susceptible to infections because their white blood cells do not produce an enzyme needed by their immune systems. This disease has been treated in two different ways. In a short-term solution, the white blood cells were removed and infected with a retrovirus that carried the needed gene. After ...
December - Drake Neighborhood Association
... • The Thresholds Festival 2006 has come to the DNA requesting a donation of $750 for this year’s event; the DNA would get ad space in the event program. There was discussion about appropriate levels of funding the DNA should offer to sponsor local events; we will discuss further at the 2006 plannin ...
... • The Thresholds Festival 2006 has come to the DNA requesting a donation of $750 for this year’s event; the DNA would get ad space in the event program. There was discussion about appropriate levels of funding the DNA should offer to sponsor local events; we will discuss further at the 2006 plannin ...
Nucleosome
A nucleosome is a basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores. This structure is often compared to thread wrapped around a spool.Nucleosomes form the fundamental repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin, which is used to pack the large eukaryotic genomes into the nucleus while still ensuring appropriate access to it (in mammalian cells approximately 2 m of linear DNA have to be packed into a nucleus of roughly 10 µm diameter). Nucleosomes are folded through a series of successively higher order structures to eventually form a chromosome; this both compacts DNA and creates an added layer of regulatory control, which ensures correct gene expression. Nucleosomes are thought to carry epigenetically inherited information in the form of covalent modifications of their core histones.Nucleosomes were observed as particles in the electron microscope by Don and Ada Olins and their existence and structure (as histone octamers surrounded by approximately 200 base pairs of DNA) were proposed by Roger Kornberg. The role of the nucleosome as a general gene repressor was demonstrated by Lorch et al. in vitro and by Han and Grunstein in vivo.The nucleosome core particle consists of approximately 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped in 1.67 left-handed superhelical turns around a histone octamer consisting of 2 copies each of the core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Core particles are connected by stretches of ""linker DNA"", which can be up to about 80 bp long. Technically, a nucleosome is defined as the core particle plus one of these linker regions; however the word is often synonymous with the core particle. Genome-wide nucleosome positioning maps are now available for many model organisms including mouse liver and brain.Linker histones such as H1 and its isoforms are involved in chromatin compaction and sit at the base of the nucleosome near the DNA entry and exit binding to the linker region of the DNA. Non-condensed nucleosomes without the linker histone resemble ""beads on a string of DNA"" under an electron microscope.In contrast to most eukaryotic cells, mature sperm cells largely use protamines to package their genomic DNA, most likely to achieve an even higher packaging ratio. Histone equivalents and a simplified chromatin structure have also been found in Archea, suggesting that eukaryotes are not the only organisms that use nucleosomes.