Fish assemblages on sunken vessels and natural reefs in southeast
... 2002 to February 2003). During the same intervals, fish assemblages at neighboring natural reefs were also censused. A total of 114,252 fishes of 177 species was counted on natural and vessel-reefs combined. Mean fish abundance and biomass were significantly greater on vessel-reefs in comparison to ...
... 2002 to February 2003). During the same intervals, fish assemblages at neighboring natural reefs were also censused. A total of 114,252 fishes of 177 species was counted on natural and vessel-reefs combined. Mean fish abundance and biomass were significantly greater on vessel-reefs in comparison to ...
Post-settlement Diet Shift of Chlorurus sordidus and Scarus
... A key feature of scarid feeding is the scraping off of food items by the oral jaws and subsequent grinding of these materials by the upper and lower pharyngeal teeth (Choat and Randall 1986). The study of early settlement offers us a chance to investigate the development of scarid feeding structures ...
... A key feature of scarid feeding is the scraping off of food items by the oral jaws and subsequent grinding of these materials by the upper and lower pharyngeal teeth (Choat and Randall 1986). The study of early settlement offers us a chance to investigate the development of scarid feeding structures ...
2002 Benthic Ecology Meeting, Tallahassee, Florida
... southeastern North Carolina. These organisms deposit large amounts of sediment on the substrate surface in the form of castings. In addition to the physical disturbance of sediment deposition and reworking caused by these organisms, they also produce halo-organic compounds that have been proposed to ...
... southeastern North Carolina. These organisms deposit large amounts of sediment on the substrate surface in the form of castings. In addition to the physical disturbance of sediment deposition and reworking caused by these organisms, they also produce halo-organic compounds that have been proposed to ...
Literature review of gear-based management options
... Compared to mesh size, relatively little research has been published on the effects of escape gaps on trap catches (Johnson, 2010; Munro et al., 2003). Escape gaps are narrow slits that are built into a trap (Figure 3), with tested sizes varying from short gaps, e.g. 7 x 2.5 cm, to taller gaps, e.g. ...
... Compared to mesh size, relatively little research has been published on the effects of escape gaps on trap catches (Johnson, 2010; Munro et al., 2003). Escape gaps are narrow slits that are built into a trap (Figure 3), with tested sizes varying from short gaps, e.g. 7 x 2.5 cm, to taller gaps, e.g. ...
How important are mangroves and seagrass beds for coral
... pend on mangroves and/or seagrass beds as nurseries) did not show a significant reduction with absence of bay nursery habitats (Fig. 2). The very low densities of 11 species, of which 4 species showed a highly consistent pattern for the different sets of islands, on reefs of islands without bay nurs ...
... pend on mangroves and/or seagrass beds as nurseries) did not show a significant reduction with absence of bay nursery habitats (Fig. 2). The very low densities of 11 species, of which 4 species showed a highly consistent pattern for the different sets of islands, on reefs of islands without bay nurs ...
Ecological Observations of Some Common Antipatharian Corals in
... the entire studied bathymetric range, but these species showed clear increases in abundance with depth. Finally, the 2 species of Cupressopathes and Rhipidipathes sp. were almost exclusively found below 30 m in depth, towards the base of the cliffs. The only species with an opposite strategy in its ...
... the entire studied bathymetric range, but these species showed clear increases in abundance with depth. Finally, the 2 species of Cupressopathes and Rhipidipathes sp. were almost exclusively found below 30 m in depth, towards the base of the cliffs. The only species with an opposite strategy in its ...
The influence of connectivity on richness and temporal variation of
... Chittaro 2002; Nanami and Nishihira 2003a). Moreover, it has been shown that fish diversity can actually increase with small-scale isolation (Shulman 1985; Walsh 1985; Belmaker et al. 2005; Jordan et al. 2005). These effects are likely to be scale-dependent as large and more isolated reefs may not n ...
... Chittaro 2002; Nanami and Nishihira 2003a). Moreover, it has been shown that fish diversity can actually increase with small-scale isolation (Shulman 1985; Walsh 1985; Belmaker et al. 2005; Jordan et al. 2005). These effects are likely to be scale-dependent as large and more isolated reefs may not n ...
Organism classification and the scientific method 9/1
... Researchers can control most if not all variables. Field experiment- One variable is changed, but the natural environment determines the outcome. Natural experiment- Evolution is a natural experiment. We have very little control over the outcome…or do we? ...
... Researchers can control most if not all variables. Field experiment- One variable is changed, but the natural environment determines the outcome. Natural experiment- Evolution is a natural experiment. We have very little control over the outcome…or do we? ...
TIDES AND SEASCAPE CONFIGURATION: DETERMINANTS OF
... assess the potential influence that wave exposure and proximity to mangroves and coral reef areas of the park had on these assemblages, two sites were located close to mangrove/coral reefs and in sheltered areas, and the two others were situated in exposed areas distant from the mangrove/coral reef ...
... assess the potential influence that wave exposure and proximity to mangroves and coral reef areas of the park had on these assemblages, two sites were located close to mangrove/coral reefs and in sheltered areas, and the two others were situated in exposed areas distant from the mangrove/coral reef ...
Chapter 11. - at Burgers` Zoo!
... bacteria use iron oxides as terminal electron receptors (Day et al., 1989). This suggests a degree of flux between the sediment and the overlying water. Phosphates may also bind within aragonite based substrates during crystal formation. However, these may be released during biogeochemical activity ...
... bacteria use iron oxides as terminal electron receptors (Day et al., 1989). This suggests a degree of flux between the sediment and the overlying water. Phosphates may also bind within aragonite based substrates during crystal formation. However, these may be released during biogeochemical activity ...
Abundance and diversity of corals inside and outside the territories
... This is likely because these are branched corals. If Stegastes nigricans larvae recruit to these corals, they are able to hide from predators among the branches, increasing growth and survival (Danilowicz 1996). A similar association was hypothesized to have occurred between another species of damse ...
... This is likely because these are branched corals. If Stegastes nigricans larvae recruit to these corals, they are able to hide from predators among the branches, increasing growth and survival (Danilowicz 1996). A similar association was hypothesized to have occurred between another species of damse ...
Hierarchizing biological, physical and anthropogenic factors
... and Chauvet 2003). Further, benthic composition is an important factor structuring habitat complexity (Bouchon-Navarro and Bouchon 1989; Jones et al. 1991; Munday 2002; Floeter et al. 2007), adding niches to a diverse fauna of mobile and sessile invertebrates. Benthic organisms may also contribute t ...
... and Chauvet 2003). Further, benthic composition is an important factor structuring habitat complexity (Bouchon-Navarro and Bouchon 1989; Jones et al. 1991; Munday 2002; Floeter et al. 2007), adding niches to a diverse fauna of mobile and sessile invertebrates. Benthic organisms may also contribute t ...
Dominica Schools Booklet 2016
... intercept traps and pitlines. Typically, the team will spend half a day working within the research centre grounds or off site at remote field sites and then half a day in the laboratory at the research centre sorting and identifying the specimens collected. Note: Depending on your expedition dates ...
... intercept traps and pitlines. Typically, the team will spend half a day working within the research centre grounds or off site at remote field sites and then half a day in the laboratory at the research centre sorting and identifying the specimens collected. Note: Depending on your expedition dates ...
Distribution patterns of five zoanthid species in Okinawa Island, Japan
... surveyed area of 810 m2) recorded in this study. Zoanthus sansibaricus was the most dominant species (1253 colonies), making up 52% of the total colony number, followed by Palythoa tuberculosa (988 colonies; 41%) (Table 1). The 3 remaining species combined to make up < 7% of the total colony number. ...
... surveyed area of 810 m2) recorded in this study. Zoanthus sansibaricus was the most dominant species (1253 colonies), making up 52% of the total colony number, followed by Palythoa tuberculosa (988 colonies; 41%) (Table 1). The 3 remaining species combined to make up < 7% of the total colony number. ...
PDF - Ocean Science Foundation
... but does not appear to extend beyond that area. The pros and cons are considered of several hypotheses about how N. cyanomos may have been introduced to that area: by shipping, relocation of an offshore oil-platform, or aquarium release. DNA barcodes (mtDNA sequences for the COI marker) are provided ...
... but does not appear to extend beyond that area. The pros and cons are considered of several hypotheses about how N. cyanomos may have been introduced to that area: by shipping, relocation of an offshore oil-platform, or aquarium release. DNA barcodes (mtDNA sequences for the COI marker) are provided ...
Peter J. Mumby, , 98 (2006); DOI: 10.1126/science.1121129
... Since the mass mortality of the urchin Diadema antillarum in 1983, parrotfishes have become the dominant grazer on Caribbean reefs. The grazing capacity of these fishes could be impaired if marine reserves achieve their long-term goal of restoring large consumers, several of which prey on parrotfish ...
... Since the mass mortality of the urchin Diadema antillarum in 1983, parrotfishes have become the dominant grazer on Caribbean reefs. The grazing capacity of these fishes could be impaired if marine reserves achieve their long-term goal of restoring large consumers, several of which prey on parrotfish ...
Recruitment and post-recruit immigration
... immigrants per species varied widely within the assemblage, and between the replicate bommies. Populations of 95 species received both types of immigrants, 41 species had only post-recruit immigrants, and 14 species received only larval recruitment. In most species, recruitment occurred over the aus ...
... immigrants per species varied widely within the assemblage, and between the replicate bommies. Populations of 95 species received both types of immigrants, 41 species had only post-recruit immigrants, and 14 species received only larval recruitment. In most species, recruitment occurred over the aus ...
- ResearchOnline@JCU
... the dispersal capabilities of larvae, which likely insured that all reefs were exposed to a similar water mass and thus a similar pool of larvae. Furthermore, random interspersion of treatments within each array would greatly reduce the possibility of any spatial bias in settlement. However, our exp ...
... the dispersal capabilities of larvae, which likely insured that all reefs were exposed to a similar water mass and thus a similar pool of larvae. Furthermore, random interspersion of treatments within each array would greatly reduce the possibility of any spatial bias in settlement. However, our exp ...
Revista Nordestina de Zoologia Revisado 1 edicao
... from each other and settled on the sandy bottom at an average depth of 23 m. During the period of December 2005 to February 2007, the shipwrecks were visited to collect biological data. Organisms were identified with the aid of relevant bibliography (at a specific level when possible) or sent for id ...
... from each other and settled on the sandy bottom at an average depth of 23 m. During the period of December 2005 to February 2007, the shipwrecks were visited to collect biological data. Organisms were identified with the aid of relevant bibliography (at a specific level when possible) or sent for id ...
Block II - Madhya Pradesh Bhoj Open University
... forms present hybrids with related cultivars. These are evolutionary systems that are difficult of plant breeders to stimulate and should not be knowingly destroyed. The in-situ conservation of habitats has received high priority in the world conservation strategy programmes launched since 1980. Ins ...
... forms present hybrids with related cultivars. These are evolutionary systems that are difficult of plant breeders to stimulate and should not be knowingly destroyed. The in-situ conservation of habitats has received high priority in the world conservation strategy programmes launched since 1980. Ins ...
A Preliminary Survey of Rubble Organisms at Two Disturbed Areas
... Coral reefs are home to a large diversity of species and provide important ecosystem services (Harborne et al. 2006; Hughes 2010). Coral reefs change and degrade due to naturally occurring environmental factors such as storm waves and high sea swells from tropical depressions, storms and hurricanes, ...
... Coral reefs are home to a large diversity of species and provide important ecosystem services (Harborne et al. 2006; Hughes 2010). Coral reefs change and degrade due to naturally occurring environmental factors such as storm waves and high sea swells from tropical depressions, storms and hurricanes, ...
Land to Sea Connection Unit 2 Introduction
... without a microscope, as well as the eggs and larvae of reef creatures. Corals also get food from a type of single-celled algae (zooxanthellae) that lives inside their tissues. These algae use the energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar. The algae use some of that sugar t ...
... without a microscope, as well as the eggs and larvae of reef creatures. Corals also get food from a type of single-celled algae (zooxanthellae) that lives inside their tissues. These algae use the energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar. The algae use some of that sugar t ...
Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems Dominated by Deep
... Sherwood and Edinger (2008) aged several species of gorgonians (i.e., Keratoisis ornata, Primnoa resedaeformis, Paramuricea sp., Acanella arbuscula, and Paragorgia arborea) which ranged in age from a few decades up to 200 years for a subfossil colony of K. ornata. Paragorgia arborea grew at the fast ...
... Sherwood and Edinger (2008) aged several species of gorgonians (i.e., Keratoisis ornata, Primnoa resedaeformis, Paramuricea sp., Acanella arbuscula, and Paragorgia arborea) which ranged in age from a few decades up to 200 years for a subfossil colony of K. ornata. Paragorgia arborea grew at the fast ...
Environmental issues with coral reefs
Human impact on coral reefs is significant. Coral reefs are dying around the world. In particular, coral mining, pollution (organic and non-organic), overfishing, blast fishing and the digging of canals and access into islands and bays are serious threats to these ecosystems. Coral reefs also face high dangers from diseases, destructive fishing practices and warming oceans. In order to find answers for these problems, researchers study the various factors that impact reefs. The list of factors is long, including the ocean's role as a carbon dioxide sink, atmospheric changes, ultraviolet light, ocean acidification, biological virus, impacts of dust storms carrying agents to far-flung reefs, pollutants, algal blooms and others. Reefs are threatened well beyond coastal areas.In 2008 estimates assembled from coral reef specialists from around the world indicated that 19% of the existing area of coral reefs has already been lost, and that a further 17% is likely to be lost over the subsequent 10–20 years. Only 46% of the world’s reefs could be currently regarded as in good health. About 60% of the world's reefs may be at risk due to destructive, human-related activities. The threat to the health of reefs is particularly strong in Southeast Asia, where 80% of reefs are endangered. By the 2030s, 90% of reefs are expected to be at risk from both human activities and climate change; by 2050, all coral reefs will be in danger.