Conservation in the Anthropocene
... and arguments that human predation on mammals is pernicious (Collins & Kays 2011) and the principal driver of changes in phenotypic traits of exploited species in many areas (Darimont et al. 2009). Some scientists use geographic data to show that human activities affect almost every terrestrial syst ...
... and arguments that human predation on mammals is pernicious (Collins & Kays 2011) and the principal driver of changes in phenotypic traits of exploited species in many areas (Darimont et al. 2009). Some scientists use geographic data to show that human activities affect almost every terrestrial syst ...
Policy Brief - Worldwatch Institute
... loss: the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment reported that 15 out of 24 key ecosystem services are in decline, including clean air and water. There has been a lack of political success in conserving biodiversity, beginning with the ambiguity of the biodiversity targets set by the 1992 Convention o ...
... loss: the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment reported that 15 out of 24 key ecosystem services are in decline, including clean air and water. There has been a lack of political success in conserving biodiversity, beginning with the ambiguity of the biodiversity targets set by the 1992 Convention o ...
The Real Great Dinosaur Extinction
... growth, and this one was the most significant surge so far. It was prompted primarily by several developments in medicine and public health, which reduced mortality and prolonged life, and the global human population reached 2.5 billion. In the next 36 years, the global population doubled. A last su ...
... growth, and this one was the most significant surge so far. It was prompted primarily by several developments in medicine and public health, which reduced mortality and prolonged life, and the global human population reached 2.5 billion. In the next 36 years, the global population doubled. A last su ...
populations - University of Warwick
... occupied is an example of positive density-dependence. The effect here is to create a threshold proportion of patches that need to be occupied to ...
... occupied is an example of positive density-dependence. The effect here is to create a threshold proportion of patches that need to be occupied to ...
Ch. 25 Notes
... Attempts to reproduce the Miller-Urey experiment with other gas mixtures also produced organic molecules, although in smaller quantities. ...
... Attempts to reproduce the Miller-Urey experiment with other gas mixtures also produced organic molecules, although in smaller quantities. ...
Megafauna and ecosystem function from the
... charisma, but, beyond these impacts, such large animals have profound and distinct effects on the nature and functioning of the ecosystems they inhabit. Martin (8) first posited a major human role in past megafaunal disappearances, and, since then, much has been written on their patterns and causes ...
... charisma, but, beyond these impacts, such large animals have profound and distinct effects on the nature and functioning of the ecosystems they inhabit. Martin (8) first posited a major human role in past megafaunal disappearances, and, since then, much has been written on their patterns and causes ...
where have all the animals gone?
... Niches can be very broad or very specific. For instance, a rat can live in a variety of locations, from city sewers to barns on a farm. Their diet includes a wide range of things, from garbage in the street to grains in the field. Koala bears are animals that have a very limited diet. They live in ...
... Niches can be very broad or very specific. For instance, a rat can live in a variety of locations, from city sewers to barns on a farm. Their diet includes a wide range of things, from garbage in the street to grains in the field. Koala bears are animals that have a very limited diet. They live in ...
Prehistoric Life Guided Tour PreVisit Evolutionary Adaptations
... Trilobites may have curled up to avoid predation just as pill bugs do today ...
... Trilobites may have curled up to avoid predation just as pill bugs do today ...
The Extinction Crisis
... – Large scale extinctions in Australia coinciding with the arrival of humans (13 thousand years ago) • Lost nearly all of its large mammals, giant snakes, and reptiles • Nearly half of its large flightless birds ...
... – Large scale extinctions in Australia coinciding with the arrival of humans (13 thousand years ago) • Lost nearly all of its large mammals, giant snakes, and reptiles • Nearly half of its large flightless birds ...
Earth`s Evolution through Geologic Time
... Classification introduced by Woese et al. (1990, PNAS ...
... Classification introduced by Woese et al. (1990, PNAS ...
Food web
... 2. Explain why food chains do not exceed 3-4 levels. 3. Differentiate between parasitism, commensalism and mutualism. Give examples of each. 4. How does the increase of organisms in one part of the food web affect others in the web? 5. What is the ultimate energy source for most food webs? _________ ...
... 2. Explain why food chains do not exceed 3-4 levels. 3. Differentiate between parasitism, commensalism and mutualism. Give examples of each. 4. How does the increase of organisms in one part of the food web affect others in the web? 5. What is the ultimate energy source for most food webs? _________ ...
Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the
... climatic oscillations that began about 1 Mya, during the Pleistocene, was characterized by glaciations alternating with episodes of glacial melting (10). The oscillations led to warming and cooling that impacted many taxa. The current episode of global warming can be considered an extreme and extend ...
... climatic oscillations that began about 1 Mya, during the Pleistocene, was characterized by glaciations alternating with episodes of glacial melting (10). The oscillations led to warming and cooling that impacted many taxa. The current episode of global warming can be considered an extreme and extend ...
Chapter 14: Conserving Biodiversity
... 14.1 The Sixth Extinction Habitat destruction not limited to rainforests Freshwater lakes and streams, grasslands, and temperate forests are also threatened If worldwide habitat destruction continues at present rate, as many as 25% of all world’s species could become extinct in 50 years ...
... 14.1 The Sixth Extinction Habitat destruction not limited to rainforests Freshwater lakes and streams, grasslands, and temperate forests are also threatened If worldwide habitat destruction continues at present rate, as many as 25% of all world’s species could become extinct in 50 years ...
Bornean Orangutans are now officially Critically
... Two major strategies exist to save the orangutans from extinction: protecting the individuals or protecting their forest habitat. These strategies are both complex, but everyone can contribute to make a difference. Hunting is the major reason for orangutan decline in Borneo. This threat must be stop ...
... Two major strategies exist to save the orangutans from extinction: protecting the individuals or protecting their forest habitat. These strategies are both complex, but everyone can contribute to make a difference. Hunting is the major reason for orangutan decline in Borneo. This threat must be stop ...
Powerpoints
... existing species that are better adapted to the new conditions. Natural extinctions are always occurring, usually at a slow pace. The disappearance of the dinosaurs is an example of a massive and rapid extinction, but it actually took place over a period of about 2 million years. Table 14.1 li ...
... existing species that are better adapted to the new conditions. Natural extinctions are always occurring, usually at a slow pace. The disappearance of the dinosaurs is an example of a massive and rapid extinction, but it actually took place over a period of about 2 million years. Table 14.1 li ...
Presentation
... 1. We are greatly increasing the extinction of wild species by destroying and degrading their habitats, introducing harmful invasive species, and increasing human population growth, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation. 2. We should avoid causing the extinction of wild species because of ...
... 1. We are greatly increasing the extinction of wild species by destroying and degrading their habitats, introducing harmful invasive species, and increasing human population growth, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation. 2. We should avoid causing the extinction of wild species because of ...
chapter9-Cengage - POLYTECH High School
... 1. We are greatly increasing the extinction of wild species by destroying and degrading their habitats, introducing harmful invasive species, and increasing human population growth, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation. 2. We should avoid causing the extinction of wild species because of ...
... 1. We are greatly increasing the extinction of wild species by destroying and degrading their habitats, introducing harmful invasive species, and increasing human population growth, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation. 2. We should avoid causing the extinction of wild species because of ...
Lecture 8
... these changes, and distinguish between those that are the result of natural processes, and those that are the result of human activities ...
... these changes, and distinguish between those that are the result of natural processes, and those that are the result of human activities ...
The Fossil Record and Geological Time
... the Galapagos, opens new environments for founders that reach the outposts, and adaptive radiation fills many of the available niches with new species. • In a global scale, continental drift is the major geographical factor correlated with the spatial distribution of life and evolutionary episodes a ...
... the Galapagos, opens new environments for founders that reach the outposts, and adaptive radiation fills many of the available niches with new species. • In a global scale, continental drift is the major geographical factor correlated with the spatial distribution of life and evolutionary episodes a ...
science_10_exam_review_2017
... P. 08 – Diversity in Ecosystems (diversity, effects of diversity, etc) P. 10 – Importance of frogs (ecosystem indicators, aquatic/terrestrial organisms, reasons for disappearing), ecosystems, detritus, decomposers P. 14 – Table 1, Terms (extinct, endangered, extirpated, threatened, and vulnerable) P ...
... P. 08 – Diversity in Ecosystems (diversity, effects of diversity, etc) P. 10 – Importance of frogs (ecosystem indicators, aquatic/terrestrial organisms, reasons for disappearing), ecosystems, detritus, decomposers P. 14 – Table 1, Terms (extinct, endangered, extirpated, threatened, and vulnerable) P ...
Density-independent factors
... Parasitism and disease Parasites (usually cause a disease) are similar to predators. They take nourishment from the host, at the expense of the host. This weakens the host and sometimes causes death. ...
... Parasitism and disease Parasites (usually cause a disease) are similar to predators. They take nourishment from the host, at the expense of the host. This weakens the host and sometimes causes death. ...
Module 4: Sustainability and Extinction
... did not occur to him at the time and it was only looking back that he realised what his observations could mean. The Galapagos Islands are volcanic and, in geological terms, quite young, the oldest being about 5 million years old. What Darwin observed when he arrived was that each island had a uniqu ...
... did not occur to him at the time and it was only looking back that he realised what his observations could mean. The Galapagos Islands are volcanic and, in geological terms, quite young, the oldest being about 5 million years old. What Darwin observed when he arrived was that each island had a uniqu ...
Hybridization and Conservation
... - formerly bred throughout New Zealand - now occurs in only one river basin due to predation and loss of breeding habitat. The pied stilt - self-introduced from Australia to the South Island in the early 1800s - spread to the North Island in the 1900s Hybrids - were first reported in the late 1800s ...
... - formerly bred throughout New Zealand - now occurs in only one river basin due to predation and loss of breeding habitat. The pied stilt - self-introduced from Australia to the South Island in the early 1800s - spread to the North Island in the 1900s Hybrids - were first reported in the late 1800s ...
Geographical Ecology
... humans. Steadman (1995) documented the loss of bird species on tropical islands following colonization of those islands by humans. He used a combination of fossil records and archaeological information on the islands. The islands I used to show distance effects were among those he studied. ...
... humans. Steadman (1995) documented the loss of bird species on tropical islands following colonization of those islands by humans. He used a combination of fossil records and archaeological information on the islands. The islands I used to show distance effects were among those he studied. ...
Organismal Biology/25A2-FosilRecrdGeologicTime
... • About 250 million years ago, all the land masses were joined into one supercontinent, Pangaea, with dramatic impacts on life on land and the sea. • Species that had evolved in isolation now competed. • The total amount of shoreline was reduced and shallow ...
... • About 250 million years ago, all the land masses were joined into one supercontinent, Pangaea, with dramatic impacts on life on land and the sea. • Species that had evolved in isolation now competed. • The total amount of shoreline was reduced and shallow ...
Holocene extinction
The Holocene extinction, sometimes called the Sixth Extinction, is a name proposed to describe the currently ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch (since around 10,000 BCE) mainly due to human activity. The large number of extinctions span numerous families of plants and animals including mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and arthropods. Although 875 extinctions occurring between 1500 and 2009 have been documented by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, the vast majority are undocumented. According to the species-area theory and based on upper-bound estimating, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year.The Holocene extinction includes the disappearance of large mammals known as megafauna, starting between 9,000 and 13,000 years ago, the end of the last Ice Age. This may have been due to the extinction of the mammoths whose habits had maintained grasslands which became birch forests without them. The new forest and the resulting forest fires may have induced climate change. Such disappearances might be the result of the proliferation of modern humans. These extinctions, occurring near the Pleistocene–Holocene boundary, are sometimes referred to as the Quaternary extinction event. The Holocene extinction continues into the 21st century.There is no general agreement on whether to consider this as part of the Quaternary extinction event, or as a distinct event resulting from human-caused changes. Only during the most recent parts of the extinction have plants also suffered large losses. Overall, the Holocene extinction can be characterized by the human impact on the environment.