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13 Transcription and translation
13 Transcription and translation

1 Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA
1 Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

... Gene libraries: composed of pieces of an entire genome stored in bacterial plasmids or in phages. 2. Synthetic DNA: DNA is synthesized by a machine - but only short sequences (not much > 100 nucleotides long). ...
Word Doc
Word Doc

... analysis (to be demonstrated in class), determine if any of the arrays appear “abnormal”. What are you looking for in such a quality control step? Similarly, compare results of the two different primary analysis methods that are provided (MAS5 vs. PDNN). Does either appear superior? Why? 4) The goal ...
Molecular Genetics II (cont.) Mutation
Molecular Genetics II (cont.) Mutation

... In addition to point mutations, rearrangements of the DNA can result in a change in the expression of genes. Transpositions - movement of genes from one position in the genome to another. Chromosomal rearrangements inversions of whole sets of genes or translocations of genes from one chromosome to ...
100 What sugar is in DNA?
100 What sugar is in DNA?

... 1. What is replication? 2. Why is it important? 3. How many new strands are made at the end of replication? ...
Document
Document

... • Genetic maternal effect: the phenotype of the offspring is determined by the genotype of the mother. • The genes are inherit from both parents but the offspring’s phenotype is determined not by its own phenotype but by the genotype of the mother. • The substances present in the cytoplasm of an egg ...
EOC Study Checklist
EOC Study Checklist

... o RNA polymerase adds bases to both sides to form mRNA o mRNA leaves nucleus to go to cytoplasm, DNA closes back up unchanged Step 2 Translation – RNA to protein (pg 6) – “chef reads recipe to make dish” o rRNA (ribosome) attaches to mRNA on 1st codon (3 bases) o tRNA with amino acid attaches – anti ...
GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GCG DNA
GTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GCG DNA

... victim is. You have only his burned body and most of his flesh is gone. The only cell structures to survive were a few strands of mRNA. What information might the mRNA contain that would be useful? mRNA could be used to sequence one of the victim’s genes for a protein ...
Recombinases
Recombinases

... by a remarkably different (and still poorly understood) mechanism. The best studied of these integrases are those of the Streptomyces phage, φC31, and the mycobacteriophages, Bxb1 and φRv1. In each of these cases, the attP and attB sites are simple sites with central crossover points (attPs range fr ...
Notes - DNA Structure
Notes - DNA Structure

... • In the early 1950’s a British scientist named Rosalind Franklin began to study DNA. • Rosalind wanted to see what she was studying, so she took pictures of DNA with an X-ray. • Franklin’s x-ray images suggested that DNA was a double helix. • She does not receive much of the credit that she deserve ...
DNA - The Double Helix
DNA - The Double Helix

... referred to as the gene for baldness or the gene for blue eyes. Meanwhile, DNA is the chemical that genes and chromosomes are made of. DNA is called a nucleic acid because it was first found in the nucleus. We now know that DNA is also found in organelles, the mitochondria and chloroplasts, though i ...
Powerpoint
Powerpoint

... They are not subject to natural selection Short repeated segments that are not protein encoding, distributed all over the genome ...
File - Groby Bio Page
File - Groby Bio Page

Analysis of genes using RT-PCR
Analysis of genes using RT-PCR

... Two separate research teams, one led by Temin and the other by David Baltimore, simultaneously discovered the elusive RNA-copying DNA polymerase in purified virions – after many years of painstaking laboratory work. ...
chapter 24 lecture (ppt file)
chapter 24 lecture (ppt file)

... Classes of RNA Structure transfer RNA (tRNA) Transfers amino acids to the site of protein synthesis (ribosomes). Has the anticoden. ribosomal RNA (rRNA) rRNA forms ribosomes by reacting with proteins messenger RNA (mRNA) mRNA directs the AA sequence of proteins and is a complimentary copy of a gene ...
During DNA replication, which of the following segments
During DNA replication, which of the following segments

... 4 There are many different ways that plant epidermal cells can be arranged around the stomata on plant leaves. Which of these has a development pattern most similar to the patterned pictured above? ...
Answered Review Questions The Recipe of Life 1. Describe the
Answered Review Questions The Recipe of Life 1. Describe the

... “Semi-conservative” means that half of the new DNA molecule is old DNA. ...
Biology\DNA, Mitosis, Meiosis
Biology\DNA, Mitosis, Meiosis

... In order to make proteins, the DNA must unzip in the region coding for the desired protein, then an RNA compliment to the DNA must be made. (This is called transcription.) Here a single strand of messenger RNA, also known as mRNA is created by binding an adenine to an existing thymine, a cytosine to ...
sample report - Integrated Genetics
sample report - Integrated Genetics

... * UPD testing is recommended for patient results demonstrating a long contiguous region of homozygosity in a single chromosome of >20 Mb interstitially or >10 Mb telomerically (15 and 8 Mb, respectively, for imprinted chromosomes). * Contiguous homozygosity of >8 Mb within multiple chromosomes sugge ...
Genetica per Scienze Naturali aa 05
Genetica per Scienze Naturali aa 05

... past and subsequently sustained rearrangements and gene loss. A recent analysis of gene order information from 14 hemiascomycetes, has confirmed the hypothesis that S. cerevisiae is a degenerate polyploid. Using gene order information alone, 70% of the S. cerevisiae genome were mapped into "sister" ...
Day 4. Genes and Genetic Level of Organization
Day 4. Genes and Genetic Level of Organization

... BY using a Rubberband model to illustrate the levels of organization of inheritance, answering question sets assessing genetic level of organization, which includes the exit ticket. Simple Sentence: DNA is made up of basic units called genes, which are the MOST basic unit of inheritance.. Input Outp ...
Chimpanzee DNA - AISG SP Moodle
Chimpanzee DNA - AISG SP Moodle

... Based on observations that Darwin made during his voyage to the Galapagos Islands, he concluded that three species of mockingbirds on the Galapagos Islands had some connection to a single species of mockingbird on the South American mainland. Today we know that a single species can have multiple des ...
DNA - Doctor Jade
DNA - Doctor Jade

... nucleotides • there are 20 amino acids • if each nucleotide coded for one amino acidcould only be 4 amino acids • if each 2 coded for onecould be 16 amino acids • smallest number of bases that can code for 20 amino acids is 3 • particular triplet of nucleotides in mRNA is a codon – specific for a ...
Biology 155 Practice Exam 3 Name
Biology 155 Practice Exam 3 Name

... 28. If you were to allow a culture of bacteria to replicate for many generations in a medium containing heavy nitrogen (15N) and then transferred a sample of your culture to a medium containing light nitrogen (14N) and allowed the cells to replicate their DNA exactly 2 times, what proportion of the ...
CHNOPS Simulating Protein Synthesis
CHNOPS Simulating Protein Synthesis

... the corresponding amino acids. Another type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) is needed to bring the mRNA and amino acids together. As the code carried by mRNA is "read" on a ribosome, the proper tRNAs arrive in turn and give up the amino acids they carry to the growing polypeptide chain. The proces ...
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Helitron (biology)

A helitron is a transposon found in eukaryotes that is thought to replicate by a so-called ""rolling-circle"" mechanism. This category of transposons was discovered by Vladimir Kapitonov and Jerzy Jurka in 2001. The rolling-circle process begins with a break being made at the terminus of a single strand of the helitron DNA. Transposase then sits at this break and at another break where the helitron targets as a migration site. The strand is then displaced from its original location at the site of the break and attached to the target break, forming a circlular heteroduplex. This heteroduplex is then resolved into a flat piece of DNA via replication. During the rolling-circle process, DNA can be replicated beyond the initial helitron sequence, resulting in the flanking regions of DNA being ""captured"" by the helitron as it moves to a new location.
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