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Themes in Biology
Themes in Biology

Identification, Individualization, Uniqueness
Identification, Individualization, Uniqueness

Case 428/08 Monsanto v Cefetra e.a THE FUTURE OF BIOTECH
Case 428/08 Monsanto v Cefetra e.a THE FUTURE OF BIOTECH

... Proceeding on the basis that the DNA sequence described in claim 6 of patent No EP 0 546 090 is present in the soy meal imported into the Community by Cefetra and [Toepfer], and that the DNA is incorporated in the soy meal for the purposes of Article 9 of [the Directive] and that it does not perform ...
Analysis of Drosophila Species Genome Size and Satellite DNA
Analysis of Drosophila Species Genome Size and Satellite DNA

... to contribute to genome change (for review see Hartl 2000). Also, certain sequences, for example, repetitive elements typical of heterochromatin, may have repeatspecific shrinkage mechanisms, such as unequal meiotic exchange between sister chromatids or replication errors (Britten and Kohne 1968; So ...
Genetic characterization of the mitochondrial DNA - (BORA)
Genetic characterization of the mitochondrial DNA - (BORA)

... The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, is 15 445 bp. It includes the genes coding for cytochrome B (Cyt B), ATPase subunit 6 and 8 (A6 and A8), NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1 – 6 and 4L (ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND4L, ND5 and ND6), cytochrome c oxidase subunits I – I ...
TTEST – Between subjects
TTEST – Between subjects

... (FDR), which is the proportion of genes likely to have been wrongly identified by chance as being significant. • It is a very interactive algorithm – allows users to dynamically change thresholds for significance (through the tuning parameter delta) after looking at the distribution of the test stat ...
GBSA: a comprehensive software for analysing whole genome
GBSA: a comprehensive software for analysing whole genome

... providing sequencing quality assessment, methylation scoring, functional data management and visualization of genomic methylation at nucleotide resolution. Additionally, we show that GBSA’s output can be easily integrated with other highthroughput sequencing data, such as RNA-Seq or ChIP-seq, to elu ...
Guanine can direct binding specificity of Ru
Guanine can direct binding specificity of Ru

... site. This observation provides a structural rationale why symmetrical intercalation is expected to be favoured at 5’-TA-3’ sites, and also illustrates that the binding geometry at a site, with a guanine base, would be determined by the steric hindrance of the G2 NH2 group. In contrast, luminescence ...
G-quadruplex and G-rich sequence stimulate Pif1p
G-quadruplex and G-rich sequence stimulate Pif1p

... (14). If these regions contain G-rich sequences, formation of G4s along the lagging-strand template will slow down replication and increase the likelihood of chromosomal breakage and genomic rearrangement (15,16). Similarly, G4 may also be formed along the leading-strand template in regions of G-ric ...
Three Dimensional Characters in Drug Receptor Interaction
Three Dimensional Characters in Drug Receptor Interaction

... Net charge on the atom in molecule is the effect of delocalization of electron density due to the presence or connectivity of atom or group of atoms.[7] Charge on atom appears due to the presence of electrons and protons in an atom. In a saturated molecule or atom, atoms having the same number of el ...
Final Project Jocelyn Hansson Global Alignment with Affine Gap
Final Project Jocelyn Hansson Global Alignment with Affine Gap

... possible alignment of 2 strings of Nucleotides (DNA or RNA) or amino acids (proteins). Global Alignments are useful in order to compare different DNA or protein sequences, however, the way you score/penalize alignments is important. Using a single constant penalty for all insertions/deletions m ...
DNA Polymorphism Studies of β-Lactoglobulin Gene in Saudi Goats
DNA Polymorphism Studies of β-Lactoglobulin Gene in Saudi Goats

... As it is obvious from the current study, phylogenetic analysis of β-LG gene in Saudi goat breeds represent initial and important step for acquiring genetic information about these local breed and in the same time could contribute in conservation of these genetic resource. On the other hand, this ste ...
Recombinant_Project_Proposal_revised_(really)
Recombinant_Project_Proposal_revised_(really)

... Recently, has gotten attention for its newfound benefits. ...
Major Evolutionary Blunders: Convergent Evolution Is a
Major Evolutionary Blunders: Convergent Evolution Is a

... Royal Museum of Natural History. Dollo was a renowned Belgian paleontologist who gained his reputation for his work onIguanodon dinosaurs and for the rules he formulated for paleobiology, the study of the biology of fossil life forms. Interestingly, Harvard University’s eminent paleontologist Stephe ...
Significance of bacterial identification by molecular
Significance of bacterial identification by molecular

... to be detected in each PCR reaction (Fig. 3). Multiple primer sets can be used for at least three separate taxa (20). As you might expect there are some problems with this approach. The main problem is specificity for example, if a positive result occurs for a sample how do you know that it is actua ...
Appendix - Partners Research Navigator
Appendix - Partners Research Navigator

Genetics Heredity and Variation: *Heredity is the branch of science
Genetics Heredity and Variation: *Heredity is the branch of science

... The choice of pea has 5 advantages which are :1- Presence of 22 varieties of pea. 2- Pea easy to cultivate. 3- Plant self pollinating because flower is closed = Pure breeding. 4- Easy artificial cross –breeding between varieties. 5- There are 7 characters (traits) as: stem length - seed shape – seed ...
A novel assay for examining the molecular
A novel assay for examining the molecular

... single protein required for replication, the multifunctional initiator, SV40 large T antigen. All other proteins needed for replication are supplied by the host cell. SV40 has a double-stranded, circular genome which normally replicates in vivo via a bidirectional, circle-to-circle mechanism. Replic ...
Physical and Topological Properties of Circular DNA
Physical and Topological Properties of Circular DNA

... are classified as single-stranded rings, covalently closed duplex rings, and weakly bonded duplex rings containing an interruption in one or both strands. Single rings are exemplified by the viral DNA from X174 bacteriophage. Duplex rings appear to exist in a twisted configuration in neutral salt so ...
Improved methods for site-directed mutagenesis using Gibson
Improved methods for site-directed mutagenesis using Gibson

... Gibson Assembly, developed by Daniel Gibson and his colleagues at JCVI, is a rapid and reliable method for the assembly of DNA fragments. The technique, which involves the design of complimentary flanking primers to align fragments, can be readily adapted for SDM applications. In addition, it is unn ...
DNA MUTATIONS - American Medical Technologists
DNA MUTATIONS - American Medical Technologists

...  Oncogenes (genes that cause tumors) may be activated by the random reshuffling of transposons to a position adjacent to the oncogene  Barbara McClintock found that they were responsible for a variety of types of gene mutations: insertions, deletions and translocations  In developing somatic tiss ...
Isolation and Characterization of a Histidine Biosynthetic Gene in
Isolation and Characterization of a Histidine Biosynthetic Gene in

... containing the longest insert was sequenced completely and used for further analyses. Strain UTH903 was transformed with either pAt-IE or an empty pBluescript, and crude cell extracts were prepared for an AICAR production assay. The AICAR production observed with the cells transformed with pAt-IE (2 ...
Hox genes and evolution of body plan Prof. LS Shashidhara
Hox genes and evolution of body plan Prof. LS Shashidhara

... and even from a non-winged arthropod such as Onychophora is sufficient to induce wing-to-haltere transformations in Drosophila Grenier, J. K., Carroll, S. B. 2000. Functional evolution of the Ultrabithorax protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 97, 704–709. ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... We typed the CCA of this family, also known as Distal arthrogryposis type 9, for which ten affected individuals over five generations were evaluated (Fig. 1). All affected members of this family presented with slender, contractural clubbed fingers and toes (Fig. 2A–H), and no neurological or cardiovas ...
Quantitative real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of
Quantitative real-time PCR assay for rapid detection of

... amplified with RAPD and URP primers failed to produce distinct banding pattern (data not shown). The fingerprinting pattern by URP-9F produced bands 200 bp to 1.5 kb (FIG. 1). One monomorphic band of , 1 kb was observed from all the isolates of M. phaseolina (FIG. 1). This unique and prominent , 1 k ...
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Helitron (biology)

A helitron is a transposon found in eukaryotes that is thought to replicate by a so-called ""rolling-circle"" mechanism. This category of transposons was discovered by Vladimir Kapitonov and Jerzy Jurka in 2001. The rolling-circle process begins with a break being made at the terminus of a single strand of the helitron DNA. Transposase then sits at this break and at another break where the helitron targets as a migration site. The strand is then displaced from its original location at the site of the break and attached to the target break, forming a circlular heteroduplex. This heteroduplex is then resolved into a flat piece of DNA via replication. During the rolling-circle process, DNA can be replicated beyond the initial helitron sequence, resulting in the flanking regions of DNA being ""captured"" by the helitron as it moves to a new location.
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