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Gene Section RAP1B (RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family)
Gene Section RAP1B (RAP1B, member of RAS oncogene family)

... monomeric GTPases, closely related to Ras. There are two isoforms, Rap1Aand Rap1B that share 95% identity and are encoded by two different genes. Rap1 proteins share 50% identity with Ras proteins, including the regions involved in GDP/GTP binding (hence Rap1A has very similar biochemical properties ...
CAFE: Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution
CAFE: Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution

... mcl understands. Then we give the .abc file to mcxload, which creates a network and a dictionary file (.mci and .tab, respectively). These two files are then used by mcl to perform the clustering, which is done with the last two commands. The -I (inflation) parameter determines how granular the clus ...
Biology 445k Fall 2005
Biology 445k Fall 2005

... on pg 3. of this handout. You will need to consult online resources to determine the map positions and functions of the marker genes used in this study. Introduction: E. coli strains can be divided into two groups on the basis mating properties. F+ or male cells are able to donate chromosomal marker ...
Trait Determination Practice
Trait Determination Practice

... Punnett Squares A Punnett square is a chart which shows/predicts all possible gene combinations in a cross of parents (whose genes are known). Punnett squares are named for an English geneticist, Reginald Punnett. He discovered some basic principles of genetics. He worked with the feather color trai ...
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous in Transgenic Mice
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous in Transgenic Mice

... ersistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) is thought to be a congenital anomaly in which the normal regression of the primary vitreous body and hyaloid vasculature does not occur.1 The primary vitreous is a part of the embryonic vasculature of the eye and supplies nutrients to the developing le ...
Gene Section NKX3-1 (NK3 homeobox 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Gene Section NKX3-1 (NK3 homeobox 1) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... NKX3.1. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jun 15;28(12):2389-95 Tanaka M, Komuro I, Inagaki H, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, Izumo S. Nkx3.1, a murine homolog of Ddrosophila bagpipe, regulates epithelial ductal branching and proliferation of the prostate and palatine glands. Dev Dyn. 2000 Oct;219(2):24860 ...
Gene Ontology and Functional Enrichment
Gene Ontology and Functional Enrichment

...  We want to know which category is over-represented (occurs more times than expected by chance). ...
Nat. Struct. Biol. 8, 192-194.
Nat. Struct. Biol. 8, 192-194.

... transcription factors depicted in pink and purple, respectively. An insulator is shown in brown with two protein components represented as blue and green ovals. Green arrows indicate transcriptional activation by a specific enhancer. a, An insulator present between Enhancer1 and Enhancer2 affects th ...
Chapter 13
Chapter 13

...  These fragments were combined with vectors to create recombinant DNA, cloned to make many copies, and sequenced using automated sequencing machines.  Computers analyzed the overlapping regions to generate one continuous sequence. ...
Genetic markers in beef and sheep breeding
Genetic markers in beef and sheep breeding

... control of the sires to prevent the breeding of double copy females in breeding populations. In contrast, the Booroola gene, which is not carried on the X chromosome, has additive effects which can increase ovulation rates from 1-2 eggs (non-carrier) to 2-3 eggs per ovulation (one copy of Booroola) ...
Document
Document

... A common fungicide (vinclozolin) used on grape plants causes low sperm count, prostate, and kidney disease in laboratory rats. The great grandsons of the rats also have lower sperm count after the pesticides is removed from the environment three generations prior. ...
Booklet 3
Booklet 3

... The resulting protein has 40 or more additional molecules of the amino acid glutamine in its primary structure. This protein accumulates in neurones. (i) Suggest why an increase in the number of repeats leads to an earlier onset of the symptoms of Huntington’s disease. ______________________________ ...
The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

... features. First, as with most of the chromosomes, it has more or less regularly spaced regions rich in G+C, but its central domain has a lower G+C content. Second, this central domain contains all of the Ty and most of the LTR elements found on the chromosome. Third, the central domain also contains ...
Cancer Prone Disease Section Nijmegen breakage syndrome Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Cancer Prone Disease Section Nijmegen breakage syndrome Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... Cytogenetics Inborn conditions - Lymphocyte cultures often show low mitotic index. - Structural chromosome aberrations are observed in 10-30% of metaphases; most of the rearrangements occur in or between chromosomes 7 and 14, at bands 7p13, 7q35, 14q11, and 14q32, as in AT; these bands contain immun ...
appendix ii - Shodhganga
appendix ii - Shodhganga

... a) G-C-A-T-T-A-C-C b) C-G-T-A-A-T-G-G c) T-A-C-G-G-C-A-A d) T-T-G-C-C-G-T-A 3. Which of these sequences correctly describes how DNA is copied? a) replication—bonding of bases—separation of strands—base pairing b) separation of strands —base pairing—bonding of bases—replication c) replication—bonding ...
Mutations in S-Cone Pigment Genes and the Absence of Colour
Mutations in S-Cone Pigment Genes and the Absence of Colour

... cones (Travis et al. 1988). There are two insertions in the marmoset photopigment relative to that of the human photopigment: glutamic acid at position 9 and proline at position 28. The owl monkey has the former insertion, but not the latter. In addition, at least one copy of the marmoset S-cone gen ...
Chapter 5 I. Multiple Alleles
Chapter 5 I. Multiple Alleles

... 1. Genes are discrete units that control the phenotype of organisms. 2. Inheritance follows the rules of segregation and independent assortment 3. Dominance is a function of interaction between alleles. 4. Genes control the production of enzymes and thus the function of biochemical pathways. 5. Epis ...
Hardy Weinberg Practice #1 w.answers
Hardy Weinberg Practice #1 w.answers

... Part B. Use your understanding of the Hardy-Weinberg proof and theorem to answer the questions. 1. According to the Hardy-Weinberg theorem, p + q = 1 and p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1. What does each of these formulas mean, and how are the formulas derived? p + q = 1: If you add all the dominant alleles for a g ...
Guo, Ming: Biological Pathways - A pathway to explore diseases mechanism
Guo, Ming: Biological Pathways - A pathway to explore diseases mechanism

... The methods abovementioned aim at inferring pathway representation directly from the gene expression data of each gene. All these approaches implicitly assume each gene as target for enrichment. The gene set approach, on the other hand, treats the known functionally related genes together as a group ...
Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Non
Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Non

... These are some of the potential advantages: • The results of the test can help individuals tailor their cancer screening and management appropriately. For example, an individual who has a positive test result may be recommended to have more frequent screening or prophylactic surgery. • Results can a ...
Altering gene expression by aminocoumarins: the role of DNA
Altering gene expression by aminocoumarins: the role of DNA

... downregulation of recA expression and thereby inhibit the SOS response, mutation frequency and recombination capacity in Staphylococcus aureus. Aminocoumarins function by inhibiting the ATPase activity of DNA gyrase subunit B with a severe impact on DNA supercoiling. Results: Here, we have analysed ...
MICRO-MANIPULATION OF CHICKEN CHROM OSOMES AND
MICRO-MANIPULATION OF CHICKEN CHROM OSOMES AND

... Microscraping. With the help of an inverted microscope and hydraulic micro manipulator, chromosomes are scraped from the surface of coverslips. After scraping is completed the scraped chromosome is picked up with a micro needle and transported to a siliconized coverslip. For each experiment ten copi ...
Connections between mRNA 3( end processing and transcription
Connections between mRNA 3( end processing and transcription

... CTD phosphorylation by Ctk1. Although cleavage and polyadenylation are normal in strains mutated for these factors, a striking defect in termination is seen [32]. The data strongly support a mechanism in which Rat1 attacks the new 50 end generated by cleavage. As the polymerase continues transcrib ...
Lecture 3-POSTED-BISC441-2012
Lecture 3-POSTED-BISC441-2012

... (1) Silenced (‘imprinted’) when inherited from either the father or the mother (-> parent of origin effects) (2) Paternally-expressed (maternally-silenced) genes are expected to be associated with increased demands on the mother, by offspring (3) Maternally-expressed genes are expected to be associa ...
CHAPTER 6
CHAPTER 6

... • Carriers of activated amino acids used by ribosome for protein synthesis. • Each a.a. has at least one unique tRNA which carries the a.a. to the ribosome. • 3'-terminal sequence is always CCA-a.a. • Aminoacyl tRNA molecules are the substrates of protein synthesis. Garrett and Grisham, Biochemistry ...
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Therapeutic gene modulation

Therapeutic gene modulation refers to the practice of altering the expression of a gene at one of various stages, with a view to alleviate some form of ailment. It differs from gene therapy in that gene modulation seeks to alter the expression of an endogenous gene (perhaps through the introduction of a gene encoding a novel modulatory protein) whereas gene therapy concerns the introduction of a gene whose product aids the recipient directly.Modulation of gene expression can be mediated at the level of transcription by DNA-binding agents (which may be artificial transcription factors), small molecules, or synthetic oligonucleotides. It may also be mediated post-transcriptionally through RNA interference.
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