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Atherosclerosis and Cell Cycle: Put the Brakes On!
Atherosclerosis and Cell Cycle: Put the Brakes On!

... proliferative endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) (19). Nothing is known so far about the effect of p19ARF on cellular senescence in atherosclerosis; however, studies in bonemarrow-derived pre–B cells and macrophages suggest that p19ARF can oppose the pro-senescent effects of p16INK4A (20). In summa ...
Genetic Associations of Obesity: The Fat-Mass and Obesity
Genetic Associations of Obesity: The Fat-Mass and Obesity

... In a landmark study using human adipose-derived progenitor cell cultures, Claussnitzer et al.6 attempted to elucidate the FTO variant associated with obesity, its upstream regulator, and its downstream target. To accomplish this goal, they incorporated a complex combination of epigenomics and compar ...
OF MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS FROM THE LITERATURE 1
OF MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS FROM THE LITERATURE 1

... being added each year. To illustrate this problem, consider the following example. A search for the gene TNF alpha in PubMed yields 74430 articles (as of March of 2007) and 6193 review articles. Refining the search to TNF alpha and inflammation reduces this number to 15126 regular articles and 1757 ...
Comparative genomics and metabolic reconstruction of
Comparative genomics and metabolic reconstruction of

... – L36, L33, L31, S14 are the only ribosomal proteins duplicated in more than one species – L36, L33, L31, S14 are four out of seven ribosomal proteins that contain the zinc-ribbon motif (four cysteines) – Out of two (or more) copies of the L36, L33, L31, S14 proteins, one usually contains zinc-ribbo ...
Biology 120 Lab Exam 2 Review Session
Biology 120 Lab Exam 2 Review Session

... Identify whether each of the following is True or False. If it is false, correct the statement. _____ The Y chromosome is smaller than the X chromosome . _____ Interphase is the longest phase in the cell cycle. _____ Meiosis produces two genetically identical offspring. _____ In animals, gametes are ...
Biology - Edexcel
Biology - Edexcel

... say, 12 hours, and then test for MGF,” says Goldspink. “If the levels were still high you would have a good indication that you’ve got a gene that’s been switched on all the time instead of being induced by natural activity.” But he admits: “Athletes are probably the people least likely to stay inac ...
Therapeutic Strategies for the Inherited Neuropathies
Therapeutic Strategies for the Inherited Neuropathies

... However, it was not until 1991 that two groups independently identified the first genetic cause of CMT (Lupski et al., 1991; Raeymaekers et al., 1991). As is now well known, both groups demonstrated that CMT1A, the most common form of CMT1, is caused by a 1.4-Mb duplication within chromosome 17p11.2 ...
Study Questions. 1) Explain how a continuously variable trait could
Study Questions. 1) Explain how a continuously variable trait could

... 3) Describe how the position of a gene can affect its effect. 4) How can the environment influence the expression of a trait? 5) How can the environment influence the VALUE of a trait? Relate this to Darwin's idea of the diverge of populations in different environments. Certain traits may be advanta ...
Using Bayesian Networks to Analyze Expression Data - CS
Using Bayesian Networks to Analyze Expression Data - CS

... reactions to external and internal signals. All the cells in an organism carry the same genomic data, yet their protein makeup can be drastically different both temporally and spatially, due to regulation. Protein synthesis is regulated by many mechanisms at its different stages. These include mecha ...
Genome demethylation and imprinting in the endosperm
Genome demethylation and imprinting in the endosperm

... that regions require demethylation in the central cell for proper endosperm imprinting and development after fertilization. Because the DNA demethylation is not targeted to imprinted genes, but is genome wide, it could result in widespread TE reactivation. TEs, if reactivated, have the ability to ca ...
Chapter 13 Unintended Horizontal Transfer of Recombinant DNA
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Just 15 years ago, the idea that proteins might be functional without
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... recent review, they have argued that the ability of disordered proteins to fold around a target opens new opportunities for small molecule drugs. However, these new drugs remain to be discovered. Failing that, one could still investigate imitating or blocking the well-ordered binding partners of the ...
Problem set 6 answers 1. You find a mouse with no tail. In order to
Problem set 6 answers 1. You find a mouse with no tail. In order to

... Problem set 6 answers 1. You find a mouse with no tail. In order to determine whether this mouse carries a new mutation, you cross it to a normal mouse. All the F1 progeny of this cross are wild type. What does this mean? The mutation is recessive You then mate all the F1 males to their sisters and ...
Principles of immunodetection
Principles of immunodetection

... This can take anywhere from a few minutes to many hours, depending on the ligand, receptor, To, and other experimental conditions. The lowest concentration of radioligand will take the longest to equilibrate. When testing equilibration time, therefore, use a low concentration of radioligand (perhaps ...
Lesson 12: Single Trait Inheritance student notes
Lesson 12: Single Trait Inheritance student notes

... variety of genetic signatures. This body belonged to a hunter who would have been bald, if the gene behaved then as it does now. 1 This lesson introduces you to (or reminds you of) the fundamentals necessary to understand genetic inheritance. Because the genes that influence a person’s response to d ...
Lesson Title: Asthma and Genes
Lesson Title: Asthma and Genes

... Recessive gene – the version of a gene whose appearance can be masked by a dominant version Heritable – a trait that is passed from one generation to another via genes Phenotype – the physical appearance of a trait; it is determined by the individual’s genes and can be a behavior as well.  How is t ...
Genetic and biosynthetic aspects of Shigella flexneri O
Genetic and biosynthetic aspects of Shigella flexneri O

... of these phages which modify the specificity of the various Sh. flexneri serotypes lie at the T-locus which maps near the lac locus. In the fourth stage of lipopolysaccharide synthesis, the completed 0-specific chains are attached to the basal structure by the enzyme translocase under the control of ...
Brian Yu - Comparison of Microarrayc and RNA-Seq Analysis Methods for Single Cell Transcriptiomics
Brian Yu - Comparison of Microarrayc and RNA-Seq Analysis Methods for Single Cell Transcriptiomics

... precursor RNA, and the reads are short with possibly many isoforms. To combat these difficulties, two approaches have been developed referred to as the genome-guided reconstruction and genome-independent reconstruction. Genome-guided reconstruction relies on a reference genome to which all reads are ...
An Introduction to the EBI and course expectations
An Introduction to the EBI and course expectations

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... signatures of motifs and domains  Prosite consists of annotated sites/motifs/signatures/fingerprints  Given an uncharacterized translated protein sequence, prosite tries to predict which motifs and domains make up the protein and thus identify the family to which it belongs ...
Folie 1 - Indentifying Species with DNA Barcoding
Folie 1 - Indentifying Species with DNA Barcoding

... (1) eggs, larvae and adults of fishes ...
Mitochondriontoplastid DNA transfer: it happens
Mitochondriontoplastid DNA transfer: it happens

... In light of these new data from carrots and milkweeds, it is safe to say that mitochondrion-to-plastid DNA transfer does occur (but the reverse process occurs much more frequently). It is still not New Phytologist (2014) 202: 736–738 www.newphytologist.com ...
Gene Section NCOA3 (Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Gene Section NCOA3 (Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... A transcriptional coactivator that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors to enhance their transcriptional activation. AIB1 interacts with other transcription factors including TP52, NfkB, and ER81. It has intrinsic histone acytyltransferase activity and recruits CREB Binding Protein (CBP)/p300 co ...
History of Biotech and Biotech Applications
History of Biotech and Biotech Applications

... When the first bakers found that they could make a soft, spongy bread rather than a firm, thin cracker, they were acting as fledgling biotechnologists.  The first animal breeders, realizing that different physical traits could be either magnified or lost by mating appropriate pairs of animals, enga ...
EPICENTRE Revolutionizes Cloning by Introducing CopyControl
EPICENTRE Revolutionizes Cloning by Introducing CopyControl

... cDNA, or PCR products at a single copy and then, whenever desired, to induce the clones to high copy number (10-50+ copies per cell) (Figure 1). Thus, the CopyControl Systems combine the clone stability afforded by single copy cloning with the advantages of high yields of DNA obtained by high copy v ...
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Therapeutic gene modulation

Therapeutic gene modulation refers to the practice of altering the expression of a gene at one of various stages, with a view to alleviate some form of ailment. It differs from gene therapy in that gene modulation seeks to alter the expression of an endogenous gene (perhaps through the introduction of a gene encoding a novel modulatory protein) whereas gene therapy concerns the introduction of a gene whose product aids the recipient directly.Modulation of gene expression can be mediated at the level of transcription by DNA-binding agents (which may be artificial transcription factors), small molecules, or synthetic oligonucleotides. It may also be mediated post-transcriptionally through RNA interference.
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