RC and RL circuits. Given the following circuit with Vin = 10V sin(ωt
... against the log(ω) for ω = 10 to 109 rad/s. c) If the voltage across the capacitor is used as the output signal, Plot the gain of the circuit (Vc / Vin) against ω. The choice of log or linear is up to you, defend your choice based on the information it shows clearly. d) same question as c) but for V ...
... against the log(ω) for ω = 10 to 109 rad/s. c) If the voltage across the capacitor is used as the output signal, Plot the gain of the circuit (Vc / Vin) against ω. The choice of log or linear is up to you, defend your choice based on the information it shows clearly. d) same question as c) but for V ...
Understanding Type 2 Coordinated Protection
... The concept of Type 2 coordination started in Europe and has now spread to North America because of two main reasons: 1. Components meeting IEC standards are designed for application very close to their maximum capacity. They are physically smaller than traditional starters built to NEMA standards u ...
... The concept of Type 2 coordination started in Europe and has now spread to North America because of two main reasons: 1. Components meeting IEC standards are designed for application very close to their maximum capacity. They are physically smaller than traditional starters built to NEMA standards u ...
Example Report
... flowing (One through R1/R3, and the other through R2/RX), resulting in a current of zero in the middle. In addition, if one resistor was more or less than the other, then the current would want to cut across through the middle path, Ig, where the ammeter has very little resistance, in order to get t ...
... flowing (One through R1/R3, and the other through R2/RX), resulting in a current of zero in the middle. In addition, if one resistor was more or less than the other, then the current would want to cut across through the middle path, Ig, where the ammeter has very little resistance, in order to get t ...
Design of high-speed, low-power frequency dividers and phase
... only the drain terminal appears in the critical signal path. Thus, circuit topologies such as pass transistors or stacked devices cannot be used efficiently. This observation can be summarized as a design constraint for circuits using ringshaped structures: no path from high-speed nodes to the suppl ...
... only the drain terminal appears in the critical signal path. Thus, circuit topologies such as pass transistors or stacked devices cannot be used efficiently. This observation can be summarized as a design constraint for circuits using ringshaped structures: no path from high-speed nodes to the suppl ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.