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Chapter_01 1..22 - Wiley-VCH
Chapter_01 1..22 - Wiley-VCH

... gene pools of relevant crops is at risk. Interspecific crosses help to increase the size of the gene pool, and the contribution of wild species to this germ plasm in the form of introgression lines is of high value, particularly with respect to traits like disease resistance. The concept of exotic l ...
Pruning
Pruning

... any attached immature leaves and a terminal stub of the stem should still be evident. The decapitated + IBA plants were treated similarly, but a dollop of lanolin containing 5000 ppm auxin (IBA) was applied to the stub. This dollop has probably been absorbed, depending upon the amount you used and t ...
Tobacco TTG2 regulates vegetative growth and seed production via
Tobacco TTG2 regulates vegetative growth and seed production via

... and Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) gene families [31–33]. Different ARFs regulate the expression of target genes by binding the auxin response elements, TGTCTC, GAGACA [29, 34, 35], or TGTCT [26] that are present in target promoters. These elements have numerous potential combinations with ARFs [4, 19, 30], ...
Sex-linked traits
Sex-linked traits

... Law of Independent AssortmentSeparate genes for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring. These allele pairs are then randomly united at fertilization. ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... robustness, and some other agronomic characters [6–8], which makes polyploids quite appealing for agricultural breeding. How are the larger plants regulated by the polyploidization? The most naïve hypothesis was that increase in gene copy number increased the amount of protein, which in turn increas ...
Mapping quantitative trait loci and expressed sequence tags related
Mapping quantitative trait loci and expressed sequence tags related

... 2002). Linkage analysis of expressed disease-resistance gene analogues of sugar beet has identified alleles associated with resistance for rhizomania and Cercospora (Hunger et al. 2003). In rice, Ishimaru et al. (2001) constructed a function map for 23 important physiological and agronomic characters ...
Identification of R-Gene Homologous DNA Fragments Genetically
Identification of R-Gene Homologous DNA Fragments Genetically

... Col×Ler population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) available for mapping (Lister and Dean 1993). For the PCR, degenerate primers RG1 and RG2 were used whose sequences were based on the conserved P-loop and domain 5 region of the NBS in the N, L6, and RPS2 R-genes from tobacco, flax, and A. thalia ...
Notes 4-1 - power point
Notes 4-1 - power point

... the presence of a dominant factor is recessive. • A recessive trait can be observed only when two recessive genetic factors are present in offspring. • Indicated by the lowercase letter (y for green) ...
Genetics - Mount Mansfield Union High School
Genetics - Mount Mansfield Union High School

... Genetically identical hydrangeas growing in soils of different acidity ...
Cross Application
Cross Application

... b. If the dog’s genotype is Dd, the owner does not wish to use him for breeding so that the deafness gene will not be passed on. Gilbert’s genotype can be tested by breeding him to a deaf female (dd). Draw two Punnett squares to illustrate these two possible crosses. ...
genes
genes

... Vocabulary cont… • Gametes: These are sex cells – Ex. Animals have sperm and egg – Ex. Plants have pollen and ovum ...
E46
E46

... where µ is the fixed population; Eh is the effect of macro-environment h (e.g. year, location, etc.), fixed or random (determined by context of the data), and is random in most genetic experiments, Eh ~ (0, σE2); Bl(h) ~ (0, σB2) is the random effect of block l within environment h; ehijkl ~ (0, σe2 ...
References - Plant Sulfur Network
References - Plant Sulfur Network

... Cellular redox signals are assumed to contribute to fundamental processes such as cell differentiation, cell death and stress responses. In contrast to established signal transduction pathways including Ca2+ signalling and phosphorylation cascades the mechanisms of redox signalling are largely uncle ...
fig. 1 - Utrecht University Repository
fig. 1 - Utrecht University Repository

... Microbial communities can show astonishing ecological and phylogenetic diversity. What is the role of pervasive horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in shaping this diversity in the presence of clonally expanding “killer strains”? Does HGT of antibiotic production and resistance genes erase phylogenetic s ...
Commercialization of a Protein Product from Transgenic Maize
Commercialization of a Protein Product from Transgenic Maize

... many products can be developed from one protein-expressing plant line. Development of crop-derived proteins into real-world industrial or pharmaceutical products comprises a number of activities including applications testing and market development, a freedomto-operate assessment, patent protection, ...
Significant enhancement of fatty acid composition in seeds of the
Significant enhancement of fatty acid composition in seeds of the

... The expected ability of the Cas9/sgRNA system to cause gene mutations in the FAD2 genes of Arabidopsis and Camelina plants was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Sequence analyses of DNA from leaf and seed samples (Data Set S2) confirmed multiple mutations over multiple generations at each of the three ta ...
Expression analysis of a chicory fructan 1‐exohydrolase gene
Expression analysis of a chicory fructan 1‐exohydrolase gene

... Three fructanase cDNAs (1-FEH I, 1-FEH IIa, and IIb) have been identi®ed in Cichorium intybus (Van den Ende et al., 2001). Enzyme activity for 1-FEH I was ascertained by heterologous expression in potato, and the identity of all three cDNA clones were con®rmed by comparison with trypsin digest and m ...
From QTLs for enzyme activity to candidate genes in maize
From QTLs for enzyme activity to candidate genes in maize

... restricted with various enzymes and hybridized with an Sh2 cDNA probe, after gel separation and Southern blotting. This probe encodes the ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase large subunit (Sh2) which is specifically expressed in endosperm. Sh2 polymorphism was evaluated by scoring the presence/absence of s ...
Slides
Slides

... rifampin resistance determining region (RRDR) of the rpoB gene • Some mutations are associated with low-level but clinically significant rifampin resistance (RIF-R) – Isolate may be found susceptible using a commercial growthbased drug susceptibility testing (DST) method – May result in discordance ...
The common bean growth habit gene PvTFL1y is a
The common bean growth habit gene PvTFL1y is a

... as a repressor for floral initiation and maintains the inflorescence meristem through suppression of the expression of AP1 and LEAFY (LFY) (Bradley et al. 1997; Ohshima et al. 1997; Nilsson et al. 1998; Boss et al. 2004). Although FT and TFL1 share a great degree of sequence identity, key amino acid ...
Supporting Information Notes S4 Molecular constraints of Pi
Supporting Information Notes S4 Molecular constraints of Pi

... SAVs play a pivotal role in N-remobilisation from chloroplastic components, future research is needed to establish their role in P-remobilisation. Indeed, studies on P remobilisation from senescing leaves are relatively scarce. However, depending upon the species being investigated considerable vari ...
this PDF file - Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
this PDF file - Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences

... than in angiosperms (14), indicating the importance of gene duplication as an important mechanism for genome expansion in conifers. It seems that large multi-gene families are correlated with conifer genome size (15). The pal gene family in plants is likely to be expanded by gene duplication, includ ...
MOLECULAR PROFILING OF RICE (Oryza sativa L
MOLECULAR PROFILING OF RICE (Oryza sativa L

... grain size. It can also be waxy (sticky) or non-waxy. Some rice varieties are considered aromatic. Rice also comes in many different colours including brown, red, purple and black. Plant pathogens are continually evolving to survive. Plants have developed a set of mechanisms to face the challenges o ...
The R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor GhMYB109 Is
The R2R3 MYB Transcription Factor GhMYB109 Is

... industry. Cotton fibers are single-celled trichomes derived from epidermal cells of the ovule (Basra and Malik 1984). The fiber development usually consists of four overlapping stages: initiation, primary cell-wall formation, secondary cell-wall formation, and maturation. During the initial stage,  ...
File
File

... flower color • He found that all the offspring were purple. • He allowed the F1 offspring to self-pollinate- the offspring were mostly purple (75%) and some white (25%) ...
< 1 ... 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 ... 177 >

Genetically modified crops

Genetically modified crops (GMCs, GM crops, or biotech crops) are plants used in agriculture, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques. In most cases the aim is to introduce a new trait to the plant which does not occur naturally in the species. Examples in food crops include resistance to certain pests, diseases, or environmental conditions, reduction of spoilage, or resistance to chemical treatments (e.g. resistance to a herbicide), or improving the nutrient profile of the crop. Examples in non-food crops include production of pharmaceutical agents, biofuels, and other industrially useful goods, as well as for bioremediation.Farmers have widely adopted GM technology. Between 1996 and 2013, the total surface area of land cultivated with GM crops increased by a factor of 100, from 17,000 square kilometers (4,200,000 acres) to 1,750,000 km2 (432 million acres). 10% of the world's croplands were planted with GM crops in 2010. In the US, by 2014, 94% of the planted area of soybeans, 96% of cotton and 93% of corn were genetically modified varieties. In recent years GM crops expanded rapidly in developing countries. In 2013 approximately 18 million farmers grew 54% of worldwide GM crops in developing countries.There is general scientific agreement that food on the market derived from GM crops poses no greater risk to human health than conventional food. GM crops also provide a number of ecological benefits. However, opponents have objected to GM crops per se on several grounds, including environmental concerns, whether food produced from GM crops is safe, whether GM crops are needed to address the world's food needs, and economic concerns raised by the fact these organisms are subject to intellectual property law.
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