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23717
23717

... bottles of the 1B cross. In order to make these crosses, flies from both the amanita culture bottles and the wild-type culture bottles were etherized and sexed. Thirty virgin amanita females and thirty amanita males were isolated from the amanita culture bottles while thirty wild-type males and thir ...
Characterization of Deletions in the LDL Receptor Gene in Patients
Characterization of Deletions in the LDL Receptor Gene in Patients

homolog of the agouti gene
homolog of the agouti gene

... Greenville, NC 27858 Communicated by Liane B. Russell, May 31, 1994 ...
Human Apolipoprotein A-l-C-lll Gene Complex is Located on
Human Apolipoprotein A-l-C-lll Gene Complex is Located on

... Structurally the apolipoproteins that have been sequenced have all possessed amhipathic alpha-helical regions capable of interacting with aqueous and nonpolar environments.1 In 1977 Barker and Dayhoff30, using amino-acid sequence data available only for apo A-l, apo A-ll, apo C-l, and apo C-lll, pro ...
THE LAC OPERON
THE LAC OPERON

... Above is another diagram of the lac operon. Once the bacteria are exposed to different sugars, their operons have to either produce enzymes or not. Some control of the Lac operon is due to cAMP –cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate. cAMP is made when glucose levels are low and it acts to TURN ON or ACTIV ...
Developing a Gene Therapy for Motor Neuron Disease
Developing a Gene Therapy for Motor Neuron Disease

... As yet, there is no cure and no effective treatment for MND. Current treatment is based predominantly on symptom management and palliative care e.g. assisting breathing and nutrition and improving other disease related symptoms. At present, only one drug (Riluzole) has been proven to slow the progre ...
MGI
MGI

... Diseases are characterized by phenotypes including the order, severity and duration with which they occur. A full model of disease takes into account dimensions of anatomy, time, severity, therapeutic responsiveness, outcomes etc. There is also a probabilistic element to an instance of the disease a ...
A novel environment-sensitive biodegradable polydisulfide with
A novel environment-sensitive biodegradable polydisulfide with

... 2-Chlorotrityl chloride resin (300 mg, 0.3 mmol/g) was extensively washed with anhydrous DCM. A mixture of triethylenetetramine (1.0 mL, excess) and DIPEA (64 mg) in DCM was added to the resin, and the suspension was shaken for 2 h. The solvent was drained and the resin was washed with DCM and MeOH. ...
Tissue Engineering for In Vitro Analysis of Matrix Metalloproteinases
Tissue Engineering for In Vitro Analysis of Matrix Metalloproteinases

... Effect of Decorin on Keloid Fibroblasts in the Matrigel ModelLetters indicate statistical significance from HS27 at corresponding time point (P < .01b); plus signs, statistical significance from day 7 of same cell type (P < .001a). A, DNA quantification normalized to respective dry weights indicated ...
Notes PPT pg. 11: Alleles & Mendel Gregor
Notes PPT pg. 11: Alleles & Mendel Gregor

... 2.Law of Independent Assortment – Genes for different traits are inherited independently of each other  Just because you got your mom’s hair doesn’t mean you have to get ...
Coding Domain Sequence Prediction and Alternative Splicing
Coding Domain Sequence Prediction and Alternative Splicing

... Nearly 2/3 of the worlds population are at risk for malaria 1.5 to 2.5 million children die annually A. gambiae is the major malaria vector Genome-wide research needs good CDS structure prediction and alternative splicing information. • Current used A. gambiae CDS structures were predicted based on ...
A possible association between panic disorder
A possible association between panic disorder

... and the lack of statistical significance could be due to the fact that the power is clearly lower for such rare mutations (MAF¼0.004). The polymorphism rs696217 G4T, implying the amino acid exchange Leu72Met, is also associated with altered plasma ghrelin levels. Carriers of the Met allele (Met72Met ...
the human y chromosome, in the light of evolution
the human y chromosome, in the light of evolution

... with neither the X nor any other chromosome. This non-recombining region of the Y (NRY) consists largely of highly repetitive sequences that are rich in transposons and other elements whose replication and/or expression is unlikely to directly benefit the human host7. Of the ~60-megabase (Mb) human ...
clinchem.org - Clinical Chemistry
clinchem.org - Clinical Chemistry

... deletions or duplications and decreases costs because it does not require expensive fluorescent reagents. © 2006 American Association for Clinical Chemistry ...
Annotation Instruction Sheet A. Information for Beginning Annotators
Annotation Instruction Sheet A. Information for Beginning Annotators

... cDNA sequences) is available one may be able to identify the coordinates of the full-length transcript including 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions. Promoter and terminator sites are hard to identify so, in projects without data on expression, it is usually very difficult to impossible to annotate the 5 ...
Inheritance of Retinal Degenerations
Inheritance of Retinal Degenerations

... and cannot pass the gene (and the disease) on to his or her future children. Most often, families with an autosomal dominant retinal degeneration can trace the disease back through several generations. Rarely, in some of these families, the disease seems to have skipped one or more generations. In s ...
INHERITANCE OF RETINAL DEGENERATIONS
INHERITANCE OF RETINAL DEGENERATIONS

... and cannot pass the gene (and the disease) on to his or her future children. Most often, families with an autosomal dominant retinal degeneration can trace the disease back through several generations. Rarely, in some of these families, the disease seems to have skipped one or more generations. In s ...
Nomenclature, Style and Units
Nomenclature, Style and Units

... Elsevier), and in Yeasts: Characteristics and Identification, 3rd edn (2000) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). If an author disagrees with this nomenclature, the first use of a scientific name in the text and in the Summary should be followed by the name, in parentheses, as given in The Yeast ...
The Nucleotide and Derived Amino Acid
The Nucleotide and Derived Amino Acid

... metabolic role of apo-A-1V is unknown, Steinmetz and UterBoth cDNA and genomic clones encoding human apolipoprotein (apo-) A-IV have been isolated and char- mann (5) have demonstrated that human apo-A-IV can be a acterized. Southern blot analyses of apo-A-IV gene- significant activator of 1ecithin:c ...
MyTaxa: an advanced taxonomic classifier for genomic and
MyTaxa: an advanced taxonomic classifier for genomic and

... match and the classification power of the corresponding gene or sequence (e.g. the 16S rRNA gene provides robust resolution at the genus level and higher but poor resolution at the species level) are advantageous. However, most, if not all, of the dynamic approaches developed for these purposes rely ...
Regulation of phenylalanine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K
Regulation of phenylalanine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli K

... mutation. Strain JP2982 carries mutations in several genes concerned with aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, rendering it extremely sensitive to low levels of p-FPA. In the course of attempts to isolate and characterize FPA-resistant mutants in this strain, we unexpectedly discovered that a spontaneo ...
Genome sequence of Aspergillus luchuensis
Genome sequence of Aspergillus luchuensis

... size of awamori is 13,000 Myen (130 Mdollar), and the total market size of Japanese traditional spirits, including Shochu, is 470,000 Myen (4,700 Mdollar). Furthermore, the high potential of its secretory enzymes and the safety of A. luchuensis make this microorganism extremely important for modern ...
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: genes, candidate genes
Primary ciliary dyskinesia: genes, candidate genes

... mutations of as many as 250 different genes coding for various ciliary proteins cause the same or similar pathologic consequences of the ciliary dysfunction. If that was true, one might expect the incidence of PCD to be much higher than actually reported (McKusick 2002). It is possible that many cil ...
Identification and expression of the first nonmammalian amyloid‐β
Identification and expression of the first nonmammalian amyloid‐β

... reported for the carboxy-terminal fragments of both APLP1 and 2 [37]. The physiological roles of APLP1 and 2 have been less extensively studied, probably because they appear not to be involved in amyloidogenesis. Nevertheless, a role for APLP2 has been proposed in chromosome replication and/or segre ...
Functional Annotation of Regulatory Pathways
Functional Annotation of Regulatory Pathways

... enabling creation of reference databases of direct and indirect interactions between various processes. Knowledge of such pathways is useful, not only in general understanding of the relationship between cellular processes at the systems level, but also in projecting existing knowledge of cellular ...
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Gene nomenclature

Gene nomenclature is the scientific naming of genes, the units of heredity in living organisms. An international committee published recommendations for genetic symbols and nomenclature in 1957. The need to develop formal guidelines for human gene names and symbols was recognized in the 1960s and full guidelines were issued in 1979 (Edinburgh Human Genome Meeting). Several other species-specific research communities (e.g., Drosophila, mouse) have adopted nomenclature standards, as well, and have published them on the relevant model organism websites and in scientific journals, including the Trends in Genetics Genetic Nomenclature Guide. Scientists familiar with a particular gene family may work together to revise the nomenclature for the entire set of genes when new information becomes available. For many genes and their corresponding proteins, an assortment of alternate names is in use across the scientific literature and public biological databases, posing a challenge to effective organization and exchange of biological information. Standardization of nomenclature thus tries to achieve the benefits of vocabulary control and bibliographic control, although adherence is voluntary. The advent of the information age has brought gene ontology, which in some ways is a next step of gene nomenclature, because it aims to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species.Gene nomenclature and protein nomenclature are not separate endeavors; they are aspects of the same whole. Any name or symbol used for a protein can potentially also be used for the gene that encodes it, and vice versa. But owing to the nature of how science has developed (with knowledge being uncovered bit by bit over decades), proteins and their corresponding genes have not always been discovered simultaneously (and not always physiologically understood when discovered), which is the largest reason why protein and gene names do not always match, or why scientists tend to favor one symbol or name for the protein and another for the gene. Another reason is that many of the mechanisms of life are the same or very similar across species, genera, orders, and phyla, so that a given protein may be produced in many kinds of organisms; and thus scientists naturally often use the same symbol and name for a given protein in one species (for example, mice) as in another species (for example, humans). Regarding the first duality (same symbol and name for gene or protein), the context usually makes the sense clear to scientific readers, and the nomenclatural systems also provide for some specificity by using italic for a symbol when the gene is meant and plain (roman) for when the protein is meant. Regarding the second duality (a given protein is endogenous in many kinds of organisms), the nomenclatural systems also provide for at least human-versus-nonhuman specificity by using different capitalization, although scientists often ignore this distinction, given that it is often biologically irrelevant.Also owing to the nature of how scientific knowledge has unfolded, proteins and their corresponding genes often have several names and symbols that are synonymous. Some of the earlier ones may be deprecated in favor of newer ones, although such deprecation is voluntary. Some older names and symbols live on simply because they have been widely used in the scientific literature (including before the newer ones were coined) and are well established among users.
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