Biology 445K Winter 2007 DNA Fingerprinting • For Friday 3/9 lab: in
... at the DNA level at a very large number of individuals) most genes or loci will fit this definition. So, generally speaking, a gene or locus is polymorphic if the rarer allele(s) is (are) not too rare -- not less than 1% of the total copies in the population. Using DNA fingerprinting to exclude vs. ...
... at the DNA level at a very large number of individuals) most genes or loci will fit this definition. So, generally speaking, a gene or locus is polymorphic if the rarer allele(s) is (are) not too rare -- not less than 1% of the total copies in the population. Using DNA fingerprinting to exclude vs. ...
Lab.Hardy-Weinberg Simulation
... In this case, you will modify the simulation to make it more realistic. In the natural environment, not all genotypes have the same rate of survival. In this simulation, you will assume that offspring who are homozygous recessive (tt) never survive. You will run this simulation similar to the last o ...
... In this case, you will modify the simulation to make it more realistic. In the natural environment, not all genotypes have the same rate of survival. In this simulation, you will assume that offspring who are homozygous recessive (tt) never survive. You will run this simulation similar to the last o ...
exam on genetics 2011 - Learning on the Loop
... Leaf size affects the ability of a plant to absorb sunlight and make food. Plants with larger leaves can live in areas with lower light levels. A new plant, species B, starts growing in the same area as species A. Species B plants grow taller than species A plants, which reduces the light available ...
... Leaf size affects the ability of a plant to absorb sunlight and make food. Plants with larger leaves can live in areas with lower light levels. A new plant, species B, starts growing in the same area as species A. Species B plants grow taller than species A plants, which reduces the light available ...
The Hardy-Weinberg Model - Advanced
... among genotypes means the gene pool is not at equilibrium. With respect to the cystic fibrosis gene, the U.S. population fails to meet at least three of the criteria for equilibrium. Therefore, the actual frequencies of alleles and genotypes probably deviate somewhat from those we calculated. In nat ...
... among genotypes means the gene pool is not at equilibrium. With respect to the cystic fibrosis gene, the U.S. population fails to meet at least three of the criteria for equilibrium. Therefore, the actual frequencies of alleles and genotypes probably deviate somewhat from those we calculated. In nat ...
Types of Natural Selection
... •Individuals with a more extreme form of trait have higher fitness •Shifts normal distribution to the right or left ...
... •Individuals with a more extreme form of trait have higher fitness •Shifts normal distribution to the right or left ...
Consanguinity
... problems in the carriers, because there is also a normal, working gene. In general, unrelated individuals have only a small risk for having children with a recessive genetic disorder. This is because there is only a small chance that each parent would carry the same recessive gene and that both pare ...
... problems in the carriers, because there is also a normal, working gene. In general, unrelated individuals have only a small risk for having children with a recessive genetic disorder. This is because there is only a small chance that each parent would carry the same recessive gene and that both pare ...
Genetics Since Mendle
... Mutations 1. Mutations occur when a gene is altered or copied incorrectly. 2. A mutation may be harmful, beneficial, or have no effect. 3. Chromosome disorders are caused by more or fewer chromosomes than normal. 4. These can occur because of mistakes during the process of meiosis. (Which would pas ...
... Mutations 1. Mutations occur when a gene is altered or copied incorrectly. 2. A mutation may be harmful, beneficial, or have no effect. 3. Chromosome disorders are caused by more or fewer chromosomes than normal. 4. These can occur because of mistakes during the process of meiosis. (Which would pas ...
Vocabulary
... The factors that control traits = GENES Different forms of genes = ALLELES One allele is inherited from each parent Some alleles are DOMINANT - the trait always shows up when this allele is present ! Some alleles are RESESSIVE - the trait is masked or covered up when the dominant allele is pres ...
... The factors that control traits = GENES Different forms of genes = ALLELES One allele is inherited from each parent Some alleles are DOMINANT - the trait always shows up when this allele is present ! Some alleles are RESESSIVE - the trait is masked or covered up when the dominant allele is pres ...
Glossary - Heart UK
... of genes shared by two blood relatives. First degree relatives (parents, siblings, children) share ½ (or 50%) of their genes, Second degree relatives (uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, grandparents, grandchildren and halfsiblings) share ¼ (or 25%) of their genes, and third degree relatives (first cous ...
... of genes shared by two blood relatives. First degree relatives (parents, siblings, children) share ½ (or 50%) of their genes, Second degree relatives (uncles, aunts, nephews, nieces, grandparents, grandchildren and halfsiblings) share ¼ (or 25%) of their genes, and third degree relatives (first cous ...
Genetics: The Science of Heredity
... f. Mendel observed that sometimes pea plants had similar traits to their ___________ and sometimes they had different traits than the parents. g. Heredity = the passing of ___________ from parents to offspring h. ___________ = the scientific study of heredity (testing, experimenting) B. Mendel’s Pea ...
... f. Mendel observed that sometimes pea plants had similar traits to their ___________ and sometimes they had different traits than the parents. g. Heredity = the passing of ___________ from parents to offspring h. ___________ = the scientific study of heredity (testing, experimenting) B. Mendel’s Pea ...
CHAPTER OUTLINE
... trait are called alleles. On the basis of his studies Mendel formulated the law of segregation. It states that each individual has two factors for each trait, which separate during the formation of the gametes and each gamete contains only one factor from each pair of factors. Fertilization gives ea ...
... trait are called alleles. On the basis of his studies Mendel formulated the law of segregation. It states that each individual has two factors for each trait, which separate during the formation of the gametes and each gamete contains only one factor from each pair of factors. Fertilization gives ea ...
AP Biology
... selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change. Explain how an essay by the Rev. Thomas Malthus influenced Charles Darwin. Distinguish between artificial selection and natural selection. Explain why an individual organism cannot evolve. Explain how evidence from biogeography, paleontology, ...
... selection as a mechanism for evolutionary change. Explain how an essay by the Rev. Thomas Malthus influenced Charles Darwin. Distinguish between artificial selection and natural selection. Explain why an individual organism cannot evolve. Explain how evidence from biogeography, paleontology, ...
Evolution - rosedale11universitybiology
... evidence collected in his travels. The process of evolution occurs on a small and a large scale. Evolution only occurs in a population NEVER in an individual. ...
... evidence collected in his travels. The process of evolution occurs on a small and a large scale. Evolution only occurs in a population NEVER in an individual. ...
Chp 23 Evolution of Populations
... ï A rock slide or passing herbivore which destroys three AA plants would immediately change the frequencies of the alleles from A = 0.8 and a = 0.2, to A = 0.77 and a = 0.23. ï Although this change does not seem very drastic, the frequencies of the two alleles were changed by a chance event. The la ...
... ï A rock slide or passing herbivore which destroys three AA plants would immediately change the frequencies of the alleles from A = 0.8 and a = 0.2, to A = 0.77 and a = 0.23. ï Although this change does not seem very drastic, the frequencies of the two alleles were changed by a chance event. The la ...
EvolutionNotes - WordPress.com
... is 0.4 (40%). You can use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the genotypic frequencies of the population. ...
... is 0.4 (40%). You can use the Hardy-Weinberg formula to calculate the genotypic frequencies of the population. ...
Document
... non-fire breathing (f) and the allele for wings (W) is dominant to the allele for a wingless body (w). 1. If a homozygous dominant dragon mates with a homozygous recessive dragon, what will the genotype(s) and the phenotype(s) of the offspring be? FfWw 2. If two of the offspring from the F1 generati ...
... non-fire breathing (f) and the allele for wings (W) is dominant to the allele for a wingless body (w). 1. If a homozygous dominant dragon mates with a homozygous recessive dragon, what will the genotype(s) and the phenotype(s) of the offspring be? FfWw 2. If two of the offspring from the F1 generati ...
hwCh11_4 ONE GENE CROSSES Show work for full credit. Ans
... 4. An autosomal recessive mutant allele causes the fruit fly, Drosophila, to exhibit a dark body. The normal color is gray. Cross a dark-bodied female fly with a gray male fly whose father was dark-bodied. What phenotypic ratio is expected in the offspring? Use these allele symbols: b allele = dark ...
... 4. An autosomal recessive mutant allele causes the fruit fly, Drosophila, to exhibit a dark body. The normal color is gray. Cross a dark-bodied female fly with a gray male fly whose father was dark-bodied. What phenotypic ratio is expected in the offspring? Use these allele symbols: b allele = dark ...
Microevolution: Unique Gene Pools
... Antibiotics and Artificial Selection • The increase in antibioticresistant bacteria has caused doctors to reduce the number of prescriptions written for antibiotics in general. • About 70% of pathogenic bacteria are resistant to at least one antibiotic and are called “super bugs” or MDR ...
... Antibiotics and Artificial Selection • The increase in antibioticresistant bacteria has caused doctors to reduce the number of prescriptions written for antibiotics in general. • About 70% of pathogenic bacteria are resistant to at least one antibiotic and are called “super bugs” or MDR ...
Genetic Models
... Multifactorial/polygenic: Complex Traits Multifactorial (many factors) polygenic (many genes) Generally assumed that each of the factors and genes contribute a small amount to phenotypic variability ...
... Multifactorial/polygenic: Complex Traits Multifactorial (many factors) polygenic (many genes) Generally assumed that each of the factors and genes contribute a small amount to phenotypic variability ...
Genetic drift
Genetic drift (or allelic drift) is the change in the frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms.The alleles in the offspring are a sample of those in the parents, and chance has a role in determining whether a given individual survives and reproduces. A population's allele frequency is the fraction of the copies of one gene that share a particular form. Genetic drift may cause gene variants to disappear completely and thereby reduce genetic variation.When there are few copies of an allele, the effect of genetic drift is larger, and when there are many copies the effect is smaller. In the early twentieth century vigorous debates occurred over the relative importance of natural selection versus neutral processes, including genetic drift. Ronald Fisher, who explained natural selection using Mendelian genetics, held the view that genetic drift plays at the most a minor role in evolution, and this remained the dominant view for several decades. In 1968, Motoo Kimura rekindled the debate with his neutral theory of molecular evolution, which claims that most instances where a genetic change spreads across a population (although not necessarily changes in phenotypes) are caused by genetic drift. There is currently a scientific debate about how much of evolution has been caused by natural selection, and how much by genetic drift.