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The Basis of Heredity
The Basis of Heredity

... characteristics ...
pea plants
pea plants

... probability of having a certain type of offspring if you know the parents’ genotypes ...
Mendel`s Law
Mendel`s Law

... recessive. Determine if the trait is autosomal dominant or recessive. Try the following designations: A = the trait (a genetic disease or abnormality, dominant) a = normal (recessive) a) Assign a genotype to each individual. If more than one genotype is possible, write both. ...
Evolution of Populations
Evolution of Populations

... For any single locus, mutation alone does not have much quantitative effect on a large population in a single generation. An individual mutant allele may have greater impacts later through increases in its relative frequencies as a result of natural selection or genetic drift. ...
The genotypic ratio is
The genotypic ratio is

... 4. A person may transmit characteristics to their offspring which he/she do not show themselves. 5. Geneticists have created a potato that can self destruct. 6. We share 40-50% of our DNA with cabbages 7. Scientists estimate that 99.9 percent of the DNA of most humans is identical. 8. Each parent co ...
Chapter 4 Mendelian Inheritance
Chapter 4 Mendelian Inheritance

... People with one copy have abnormalities so mild that they are not noticeable ...
Mendelian Genetics - Deer Creek Schools
Mendelian Genetics - Deer Creek Schools

... Used garden peas ...
Probability of Inheritance
Probability of Inheritance

... copy of such a dominant allele will cause the disorder. This is the case with Huntington disease, achondroplastic dwarfism, and polydactyly. People who are heterozygous (Aa) are not healthy carriers. They have the disorder just like homozygous dominant (AA) individuals. ...
How are Traits Passed from Parents to Offspring
How are Traits Passed from Parents to Offspring

... Name____________________________________________ Date______________________Hour_______ Table#______ How are Traits Passed from Parents to Offspring? A trait is a characteristic such as color or size that is inherited by an offspring from its parents. The genes that control a trait come in pairs, one ...
UNIT 6 Targets- Patterns_of_Inheritance
UNIT 6 Targets- Patterns_of_Inheritance

...  I can connect two or more targets together into one cohesive idea or explanation.  I can recall lab/activity concepts, skills, and results from this unit as specific examples of the targets.  I can use the BioThemes to connect the content and labs/activities in a detailed and reflective manner. ...
Review L12 Inheritance L13 Chromosomal
Review L12 Inheritance L13 Chromosomal

... an understanding of inheritance? 3. What are the four parts of a flower and what are their functions? 4. Provide a brief definition of self-fertilization and cross-fertilization that clearly distinguishes between the two terms. 5. What does the phrase “true breeding” mean? 6. What is a hybrid? 7. Di ...
Section 3
Section 3

... genetics as it leads to reduced reproductive fitness. When related individuals mate at a rate greater then expected by random mating, the frequency of heterozygotes is reduced relative to H.W.E. Avoidance of inbreeding and cross-breeding can lead to higher than expected heterozygosities. ...
Document
Document

... Co-dominance: Blood Types ...
PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE-Autosomal Recessive Disease
PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE-Autosomal Recessive Disease

... “horizontal” rather than “vertical”. Both males and females are typically equally affected One sees an increased rate of consanguinity in parents of children with recessive disorders, due to the phenomenon of “identity by descent”. Although seen in AR disorders at an elevated rate, it is not obligat ...
The Significance of the Fossil Record
The Significance of the Fossil Record

... Populations contain varied individuals. These differences affect their ability to successfully leave behind offspring. The differential success in reproduction was described by Darwin as natural selection. Natural selection results in alleles being passed on to the subsequent generation at frequenci ...
Bikini Bottom Genetics
Bikini Bottom Genetics

... Concept 10.2 Mendel discovered that inheritance follows rules of chance. (p. 208-214) The offspring of 2 true-breeding plants are called ______________. Mendel performed _______________ crosses, which are matings between plants that differ in only one character. Mendel developed the following 4 hyp ...
Probability and Punnett Squares
Probability and Punnett Squares

Document
Document

Document
Document

Gene Interaction
Gene Interaction

... Incomplete Dominance Incomplete dominance: neither allele masks the other and both are observed as a blending in the heterozygote ...
Sex chromosomes
Sex chromosomes

... Ex: Down Syndrome can be confirmed in an individual when 3 chromosome 21s are present in a karyotype. ...
Inheritance questions
Inheritance questions

... controlled by a single pair of alleles, which allele is dominant and which is recessive? _______________(1) 2 If a dominant allele for tall plants is represented by the letter D, what letter should represent the corresponding recessive allele? ___________________(1) 3 In cats, the allele (S) for sho ...
Punnett Square Practice Problems
Punnett Square Practice Problems

... 14. In pea plants, round (R) is dominant to wrinkled (r). A heterozygous female is crossed with a wrinkled male. Make a Punnett Square to determine the possible offspring. a. What are the possible genotypes of the offspring?___________________ b. What are the possible phenotypes of the offspring? __ ...
File
File

... What alleles (different versions of a gene) could they pass to their offspring  Step Two: Set up a Punnett Square for your ...
S-B-9-1_Rabbit Natural Selection Laboratory Activity
S-B-9-1_Rabbit Natural Selection Laboratory Activity

... S-B-9-1_Rabbit Natural Selection Laboratory Activity-Student Version 9. For each generation, add up the number of F alleles and the number of f alleles, and record the number in the “Total Number of Alleles” column. 10. Calculate the gene frequency of F and f for each generation and record them in ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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