Untitled
... When discussing the effect of literate education on economic activity in classical Athens, one must first determine if the literacy rate was sufficient to have an effect on the demos through literate education. William V. Harris’ 1989 Ancient Literacy explores in an authoritive way how widespread li ...
... When discussing the effect of literate education on economic activity in classical Athens, one must first determine if the literacy rate was sufficient to have an effect on the demos through literate education. William V. Harris’ 1989 Ancient Literacy explores in an authoritive way how widespread li ...
Exploring the Role of Basic Motives in Foreign Policy
... and be accepted by larger communities, which can provide more protection and comfort than the actor would be able to secure for itself. In order to be part of such a community, an actor needs to accept and internalize, at least to some extent, that community's norms and rules of behavior. The most i ...
... and be accepted by larger communities, which can provide more protection and comfort than the actor would be able to secure for itself. In order to be part of such a community, an actor needs to accept and internalize, at least to some extent, that community's norms and rules of behavior. The most i ...
Attica
... turned towards the Ionian Sea, dispossessed the Illyrian people, all who dwelt as far as Macedonia with the Macedonians themselves, and overran Thessaly. And when they drew near to Thermopylae, the Greeks in general made no move to prevent the inroad of the barbarians, since previously they had been ...
... turned towards the Ionian Sea, dispossessed the Illyrian people, all who dwelt as far as Macedonia with the Macedonians themselves, and overran Thessaly. And when they drew near to Thermopylae, the Greeks in general made no move to prevent the inroad of the barbarians, since previously they had been ...
On Bribing Athenian Ambassadors - Greek, Roman, and Byzantine
... with embassies to Persia and Macedon, the foundations or the allegations on which the accusations of accepting bribes from the kings are made ought to be carefully examined. It seems that it was not only the custom of the Greek cities but also of the kings of Persia and Macedon to invite ambassadors ...
... with embassies to Persia and Macedon, the foundations or the allegations on which the accusations of accepting bribes from the kings are made ought to be carefully examined. It seems that it was not only the custom of the Greek cities but also of the kings of Persia and Macedon to invite ambassadors ...
Finding the Truth: An Examination into the Use of Rhetoric in
... speech was composed of an introduction, narration, proofs, and finally a conclusion. The introduction was used to gain the trust of the audience while the narration was used to set out the facts of the case. Proofs helped support the facts that were previously set out by the speaker in order to supp ...
... speech was composed of an introduction, narration, proofs, and finally a conclusion. The introduction was used to gain the trust of the audience while the narration was used to set out the facts of the case. Proofs helped support the facts that were previously set out by the speaker in order to supp ...
S Cimon, son of Miltiades (father) and Hegesipyle (mother
... Cimon’s greatest moment, however, was in , when he commanded the Athenian fleet in a battle against the Persians near the mouth of the river Eurymedon (Plut. Cim. .–; uc. ..; source for date: OHCW). Aer his fleet had beaten the Persian fleet, it landed troops which another victory on l ...
... Cimon’s greatest moment, however, was in , when he commanded the Athenian fleet in a battle against the Persians near the mouth of the river Eurymedon (Plut. Cim. .–; uc. ..; source for date: OHCW). Aer his fleet had beaten the Persian fleet, it landed troops which another victory on l ...
THE SO-CALLED DEFENSIVE POLICY OF PERICLES
... mere raiding party. This force included cavalry and the hoplites were four times as many as those aboard the 100 ships sent to ravage the Peloponnese in the previous year.27 This strong land force of hoplites and cavalry attacked Epidaurus which they expected to take.28 The Athenian expectation of t ...
... mere raiding party. This force included cavalry and the hoplites were four times as many as those aboard the 100 ships sent to ravage the Peloponnese in the previous year.27 This strong land force of hoplites and cavalry attacked Epidaurus which they expected to take.28 The Athenian expectation of t ...
Foreign Names in Athenian Nomenclature
... Failing that, one can find most of them by going through LGPN II, collecting those attested only once or twice, or in just one Attic deme. It is not always easy (and often impossible) to determine where such names originated, as well as how and when they found their way into Athenian nomenclature, b ...
... Failing that, one can find most of them by going through LGPN II, collecting those attested only once or twice, or in just one Attic deme. It is not always easy (and often impossible) to determine where such names originated, as well as how and when they found their way into Athenian nomenclature, b ...
Document
... restore them to their homes, they at first enslaved the weaker cities, but afterward made war on and forced the more important cities to submit, having preserved the general peace no longer than two years. Seeing that the city of the Mantineians lay upon their borders and was full of valiant men, th ...
... restore them to their homes, they at first enslaved the weaker cities, but afterward made war on and forced the more important cities to submit, having preserved the general peace no longer than two years. Seeing that the city of the Mantineians lay upon their borders and was full of valiant men, th ...
Document
... Contents of the Twelfth Book of Diodorus --On the campaign of the Athenians against Cyprus (chaps. 1-4). --On the revolt of the Megarians from the Athenians (chap. 5). --On the battle at Coroneia between the Athenians and Boeotians (chap. 6). --On the campaign of the Athenians against Euboea (chap. ...
... Contents of the Twelfth Book of Diodorus --On the campaign of the Athenians against Cyprus (chaps. 1-4). --On the revolt of the Megarians from the Athenians (chap. 5). --On the battle at Coroneia between the Athenians and Boeotians (chap. 6). --On the campaign of the Athenians against Euboea (chap. ...
An Examination into the Use of Rhetoric in Thucydides
... speech was composed of an introduction, narration, proofs, and finally a conclusion. The introduction was used to gain the trust of the audience while the narration was used to set out the facts of the case. Proofs helped support the facts that were previously set out by the speaker in order to supp ...
... speech was composed of an introduction, narration, proofs, and finally a conclusion. The introduction was used to gain the trust of the audience while the narration was used to set out the facts of the case. Proofs helped support the facts that were previously set out by the speaker in order to supp ...
Apodexis Historia - University of Alberta
... that remain of the Pelasgians who settled at Plakia and Skylake in the region of the Hellespont, who before that had been settlers with the Athenians, and of the natives of the various other towns which are really Pelasgian, though they have lost the name,--if one must pronounce judging by these, th ...
... that remain of the Pelasgians who settled at Plakia and Skylake in the region of the Hellespont, who before that had been settlers with the Athenians, and of the natives of the various other towns which are really Pelasgian, though they have lost the name,--if one must pronounce judging by these, th ...
Pericles and the Plague: Civil Religion, Anomie, and
... set his description of Athenian response to the plague in the context of Athenian social structure, cultural values, and norms of conduct, precisely as they are described in Pericles's speech. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine a more vivid contrast than the one between Pericles's praise of Athenian ...
... set his description of Athenian response to the plague in the context of Athenian social structure, cultural values, and norms of conduct, precisely as they are described in Pericles's speech. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine a more vivid contrast than the one between Pericles's praise of Athenian ...
mosaics of grecian history
... We may also mention, in this connection, the valuable and scholarly work of the German professor, Ernst Curtius (1857-’67), in five volumes, translated by A. Ward (1871-’74). His sympathies are monarchical, and his views more nearly accord with those of Mitford and Thirlwall than with those of Grote ...
... We may also mention, in this connection, the valuable and scholarly work of the German professor, Ernst Curtius (1857-’67), in five volumes, translated by A. Ward (1871-’74). His sympathies are monarchical, and his views more nearly accord with those of Mitford and Thirlwall than with those of Grote ...
Pericles and the challenge of democratic leadership (book
... The name of Pericles conjures up the spirit of classical Athenian democracy; but it also reminds us of the beginning of the great Peloponnesian War that resulted in the demise of Athens. These two facets – the sophistication of the Athenian demos and the destruction brought about by a ruthless, prol ...
... The name of Pericles conjures up the spirit of classical Athenian democracy; but it also reminds us of the beginning of the great Peloponnesian War that resulted in the demise of Athens. These two facets – the sophistication of the Athenian demos and the destruction brought about by a ruthless, prol ...
Introduction
... consequence, dealt with both sides. Fifth-century Athens, the Delian League, the Greek cities within the Athenian Empire, the satraps in Sardis, the divide-and-rule policy of the Achaemenids, all subjects have been investigated many times. Yet, they are in need of reconsideration. I have four motive ...
... consequence, dealt with both sides. Fifth-century Athens, the Delian League, the Greek cities within the Athenian Empire, the satraps in Sardis, the divide-and-rule policy of the Achaemenids, all subjects have been investigated many times. Yet, they are in need of reconsideration. I have four motive ...
Spartans change of tactics - Utrecht University Repository
... The two sites which can be confirmed as part of the Attic coastal defense were Rhamnous which was fortified in 412 B.C. and Sounion in the same year, both of which were set up in reaction to the loss of northern attic town of Dekelia in the same year. In the case of Thorikos it was fortified at an e ...
... The two sites which can be confirmed as part of the Attic coastal defense were Rhamnous which was fortified in 412 B.C. and Sounion in the same year, both of which were set up in reaction to the loss of northern attic town of Dekelia in the same year. In the case of Thorikos it was fortified at an e ...
Ancient Greece - From Prehistoric to Hellenistic Times (2nd Ed)
... Near East (the southwestern edge of Asia at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea). Building on these inspirations from others, Greeks incubated their own ideas and practices, some of which still resonate today, thousands of years later. It is also true that ancient Greeks, like other ancient peo ...
... Near East (the southwestern edge of Asia at the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea). Building on these inspirations from others, Greeks incubated their own ideas and practices, some of which still resonate today, thousands of years later. It is also true that ancient Greeks, like other ancient peo ...
reading the rise of pisistratus: herodotus
... Lycurgus and Megacles, but returns from exile with a second conventional deception to secure his second tyranny - dressing a woman as Athena and claiming that the goddess was leading him back in person into her own acropolis, with the assistance of Megacles, on condition that he marry Megacles’ daug ...
... Lycurgus and Megacles, but returns from exile with a second conventional deception to secure his second tyranny - dressing a woman as Athena and claiming that the goddess was leading him back in person into her own acropolis, with the assistance of Megacles, on condition that he marry Megacles’ daug ...
Thucydides and Just War: How to Begin to Read
... has us do, the realism in Thucydides and the realism of Hobbes makes us see that though this difficulty is genuine and serious, it does not imply that we can or should dispense with moral and legal judgement in war. Thus, as Walzer points out even before beginning his engagement with Thucydides, the ...
... has us do, the realism in Thucydides and the realism of Hobbes makes us see that though this difficulty is genuine and serious, it does not imply that we can or should dispense with moral and legal judgement in war. Thus, as Walzer points out even before beginning his engagement with Thucydides, the ...
038
... he was uncompromisingly negative: “the stone itself now affords no evidence for the reading of any letter; the surface is smooth... In my opinion it is clear that the stone is not going to give the evidence of what name is to be read... Wear on the surface has obliterated the name of the archon, and ...
... he was uncompromisingly negative: “the stone itself now affords no evidence for the reading of any letter; the surface is smooth... In my opinion it is clear that the stone is not going to give the evidence of what name is to be read... Wear on the surface has obliterated the name of the archon, and ...
Thucydides` Criticism of Democratic Knowledge
... Athenian political culture was based on collective opinion rather than on certain knowledge, and on the assumption that opinion could be translated into practical reality through democratic political process. The enactment formula of the Athenian Assembly, EOO~E T0 o~Jl£p-"it appeared right to the c ...
... Athenian political culture was based on collective opinion rather than on certain knowledge, and on the assumption that opinion could be translated into practical reality through democratic political process. The enactment formula of the Athenian Assembly, EOO~E T0 o~Jl£p-"it appeared right to the c ...
A Brief History of Ancient Greece
... Greek history gained from the patient scholarship of a half-century of talented Greek historians. Thanks to their achievements, we were able to give full recognition to the significance of the Dark Age in the formation of Greek civilization and incorporate into the story of Greece the experiences of ...
... Greek history gained from the patient scholarship of a half-century of talented Greek historians. Thanks to their achievements, we were able to give full recognition to the significance of the Dark Age in the formation of Greek civilization and incorporate into the story of Greece the experiences of ...
Τύχη: Fortune, Fate and Chance in Herodotus and Thucydides
... and is used extensively in the works of Herodotus and Thucydides. Though at first glance this does not seem to signify a departure from the spirituality of Ancient Greek civilization, the fact that both are more than ready to prove that man’s misfortune or good fortune is his own doing denotes a rat ...
... and is used extensively in the works of Herodotus and Thucydides. Though at first glance this does not seem to signify a departure from the spirituality of Ancient Greek civilization, the fact that both are more than ready to prove that man’s misfortune or good fortune is his own doing denotes a rat ...
Pericles with the enemy. In the 4B0s a number
... In 451 BC Pericles introduced a law that restricted citizenship to those who were born of Athenian parents. Among the poor it was common for Athenians and non-Athenians to marry. The purpose of Pericles' law was to strengthen the position of the Athenian citizen. The growing power of Athens at this ...
... In 451 BC Pericles introduced a law that restricted citizenship to those who were born of Athenian parents. Among the poor it was common for Athenians and non-Athenians to marry. The purpose of Pericles' law was to strengthen the position of the Athenian citizen. The growing power of Athens at this ...
Greco-Persian Wars
The Greco-Persian Wars (also often called the Persian Wars) were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia (modern day Iran) and Greek city-states that started in 499 BC and lasted until 449 BC. The collision between the fractious political world of the Greeks and the enormous empire of the Persians began when Cyrus the Great conquered the Greek-inhabited region of Ionia in 547 BC. Struggling to rule the independent-minded cities of Ionia, the Persians appointed tyrants to rule each of them. This would prove to be the source of much trouble for the Greeks and Persians alike.In 499 BC, the tyrant of Miletus, Aristagoras, embarked on an expedition to conquer the island of Naxos, with Persian support; however, the expedition was a debacle and, pre-empting his dismissal, Aristagoras incited all of Hellenic Asia Minor into rebellion against the Persians. This was the beginning of the Ionian Revolt, which would last until 493 BC, progressively drawing more regions of Asia Minor into the conflict. Aristagoras secured military support from Athens and Eretria, and in 498 BC these forces helped to capture and burn the Persian regional capital of Sardis. The Persian king Darius the Great vowed to have revenge on Athens and Eretria for this act. The revolt continued, with the two sides effectively stalemated throughout 497–495 BC. In 494 BC, the Persians regrouped, and attacked the epicentre of the revolt in Miletus. At the Battle of Lade, the Ionians suffered a decisive defeat, and the rebellion collapsed, with the final members being stamped out the following year.Seeking to secure his empire from further revolts and from the interference of the mainland Greeks, Darius embarked on a scheme to conquer Greece and to punish Athens and Eretria for the burning of Sardis. The first Persian invasion of Greece began in 492 BC, with the Persian general Mardonius successfully re-subjugating Thrace and conquering Macedon before several mishaps forced an early end to the rest of the campaign. In 490 BC a second force was sent to Greece, this time across the Aegean Sea, under the command of Datis and Artaphernes. This expedition subjugated the Cyclades, before besieging, capturing and razing Eretria. However, while en route to attack Athens, the Persian force was decisively defeated by the Athenians at the Battle of Marathon, ending Persian efforts for the time being.Darius then began to plan to completely conquer Greece, but died in 486 BC and responsibility for the conquest passed to his son Xerxes. In 480 BC, Xerxes personally led the second Persian invasion of Greece with one of the largest ancient armies ever assembled. Victory over the Allied Greek states at the famous Battle of Thermopylae allowed the Persians to torch an evacuated Athens and overrun most of Greece. However, while seeking to destroy the combined Greek fleet, the Persians suffered a severe defeat at the Battle of Salamis. The following year, the confederated Greeks went on the offensive, defeating the Persian army at the Battle of Plataea, and ending the invasion of Greece.The allied Greeks followed up their success by destroying the rest of the Persian fleet at the Battle of Mycale, before expelling Persian garrisons from Sestos (479 BC) and Byzantium (478 BC). The actions of the general Pausanias at the siege of Byzantium alienated many of the Greek states from the Spartans, and the anti-Persian alliance was therefore reconstituted around Athenian leadership, as the so-called Delian League. The Delian League continued to campaign against Persia for the next three decades, beginning with the expulsion of the remaining Persian garrisons from Europe. At the Battle of the Eurymedon in 466 BC, the League won a double victory that finally secured freedom for the cities of Ionia. However, the League's involvement in an Egyptian revolt (from 460–454 BC) resulted in a disastrous defeat, and further campaigning was suspended. A fleet was sent to Cyprus in 451 BC, but achieved little, and when it withdrew the Greco-Persian Wars drew to a quiet end. Some historical sources suggest the end of hostilities was marked by a peace treaty between Athens and Persia, the so-called Peace of Callias.