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Biology Common Syllabus
Biology Common Syllabus

... Matter and energy transformations are involved in all life processes, such as photosynthesis, growth and repair, cellular respiration, and the need of living systems for continual input of energy. All single-celled and multicellular organisms have the same basic needs: water, air, a source of energy ...
sample pages
sample pages

... 1 January. Planet Earth would have been formed at this exact time one year ago, dinosaurs would have become extinct about five days ago (8 pm 26 December), and modern human beings would not have appeared until just before midnight on New Year’s Eve (about four minutes and 36 seconds ago)! ...
Unit 2
Unit 2

... 1. What is different between inorganic and organic molecules? How did Miller and Urey explore possible origin of organic molecules? (Also review Ch 4 notes) How do protobionts relate to organic molecules? 2. What evidence suggests that it is likely that RNA evolved before DNA? 3. Explain why the seq ...
Water For Living
Water For Living

... Mostly found in soils, also brought by animals, wind, rain Deficiency= slow/irregular growth, increased likelihood of disease, discolouration Germination Development of the seedling Temp: range needed to germinate is based on the environment the plant has evolved in Most AUS species require 26*C-35* ...
Descent with Modification
Descent with Modification

...  Different organisms share genes that have been inherited from a common ancestor.  Often, these genes have different functions, like the mammalian forelimbs. ...
Chapter-11-Worshst-for-lessons-1-2-3-ANSWER
Chapter-11-Worshst-for-lessons-1-2-3-ANSWER

... 1. A (n) trait___________ is a specific characteristic that an organism can pass to its offspring. 2. A(n) adaptation_____________ is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce. 3. A scientific theory_____________ is a well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations. 4. The ...
Graph 1: Rabbits Over Time
Graph 1: Rabbits Over Time

... 1. What is the cell membrane made up of? Phospholipid bilayer & proteins 2. What are some of the functions of these proteins and other molecules? Receptor proteins, channels, pumps 3. Why is it described as selectively permeable? Some substances can pass through the membrane and others cannot 1. Pro ...
Five Kingdoms of Living Things
Five Kingdoms of Living Things

... a. the act of placing objects in groups based on characteristics 3. Scientists use both of these to organize living organisms. 4. The largest group living things are placed in is a kingdom (there are 5). 5. The smallest classification group is the species. The second smallest is the genus. ...
Stage 2 - FreshmanBiology
Stage 2 - FreshmanBiology

...  Prokaryotes lived alone on Earth for 1.5 billion years, from 3.5 to 2 billion years ago.  During this time, prokaryotes transformed the atmosphere.  Prokaryotic photosynthesis produced oxygen that enriched the water and atmosphere of Earth.  Anaerobic and aerobic cellular respiration allowed pr ...
Review - Haiku Learning
Review - Haiku Learning

... Explain how stickleback fish have evolved in freshwater lakes in Alaska. Discuss how fish from different lakes were different and discuss reasons why there are these differences. ...
Chapter 5: The Biogeochemical Cycles
Chapter 5: The Biogeochemical Cycles

... through the four major components of Earth’s system. • Atmosphere • Hydrosphere • Lithosphere • Biosphere ...
Howard County Public School System Essential Curriculum
Howard County Public School System Essential Curriculum

... Recognize and describe that evolutionary change in species over time occurs as a result of natural variation in organisms and environmental changes. a. Recognize and describe that gradual (climatic) and sudden (floods and fires) changes in environmental conditions affect the survival of organisms an ...
Introduction to Biology
Introduction to Biology

... the Inside Out.” Scientific American August 2010: Vol. 303 2. ...
File
File

... the Inside Out.” Scientific American August 2010: Vol. 303 2. ...
A, B
A, B

... A cat jumps when startled by a loud noise. This is an example of an organism 1. sensing and responding to its external environment 2. sensing and responding to its internal environment 3. changing and controlling its external environment 4. changing and controlling its internal environment ...
Interactions in Animals
Interactions in Animals

... 6.  Repeat step 5 after another three minutes, then again after a further three minutes of rest. 7.  Reverse roles and follow steps 1–6 while your child times your activity and records your heart rate and observations. 8.  Compare the results. Here are some questions to discuss with your child: •  W ...
Glossary
Glossary

... of contraception, taken orally, which contains synthetic forms of oestrogen and progesterone communicable disease infectious condition caused by a virus, protist, bacteria or fungi; e.g. measles, HIV community all the plants and animals living in an ecosystem, e.g. a garden companion cells found nex ...
notes for geologofe - sciencepowerpoint.com
notes for geologofe - sciencepowerpoint.com

...  Uniformitarianism: Laws of nature have not changed over time.  The system is fragile. Changes in living conditions for animals have been numerous throughout earth’s history. ...
10.1 Continental Drift
10.1 Continental Drift

... · discovered that new rocks form at the center of a ridge and move away in opposite directions · provided proof for Hess's sea-floor spreading idea and Wegener's continental drift hypothesis ...
Reading Guide_13_EB_Ecosystems_I
Reading Guide_13_EB_Ecosystems_I

... 8. Describe the climate of the eight major terrestrial biomes and what organisms (plants and/or animals) you might expect to find there based only on the pictures provided. a) ...
Review for BCT
Review for BCT

... food chain from wiping out all the organisms below? ◦ As a consumer increases the food supply of that consumer decreases; eventually there will not be enough food and the consumers will die off; As the consumers die, the food supply is rebuilt and so on ...
The plate tectonic revolution part II.
The plate tectonic revolution part II.

...  The formation and breakup of supercontinents seems to happen on a ~ 500 million year cycle  The previous supercontinent (~ 700 million years ago) is called Rhodinia  Another supercontinent will most likely form in Earth’s distant future ...
Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics

... • Pangaea was formed 270 mya during the Permian and Triassic time periods of Earth’s history. • Most of the dry land was joined together into one huge land mass. • The Permian mass extinction, which wiped out an estimated 96% species about 248 million years ago, was a major event during this time. • ...
g. What do fossils show -evidence of the changing surface and
g. What do fossils show -evidence of the changing surface and

... S6E5. Students will investigate the scientific view of how the earth’s surface is formed. a. Earth’s crust, mantle, and core including temperature, density, and composition. 1. Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of a. seismi ...
Cladistics - Integrative Biology
Cladistics - Integrative Biology

... • We traditionally put the trait before the node defining the most recent common ancestor of the taxa under consideration. We assume there are fossil forms we have not found yet that fall within this monophyletic grouping and these may predate the taxa under consideration. • We use the parsimony pri ...
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Evolutionary history of life



The evolutionary history of life on Earth traces the processes by which living and fossil organisms have evolved since life appeared on the planet, until the present day. Earth formed about 4.5 Ga (billion years ago) and life appeared on its surface within 1 billion years. The similarities between all present-day organisms indicate the presence of a common ancestor from which all known species have diverged through the process of evolution. More than 99 percent of all species, amounting to over five billion species, that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described.
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