Nonlinear Quantum Optics in a Waveguide: Distinct Single Photons Strongly
... four level fine structure of InAs=GaAs quantum dots [16]. While V-type systems [17] are also viable and reveal similar single photon switching behavior, the ladder-type configuration of InAs=GaAs quantum dots is attractive due to large (several nm) wavelength separation between biexciton transitions ...
... four level fine structure of InAs=GaAs quantum dots [16]. While V-type systems [17] are also viable and reveal similar single photon switching behavior, the ladder-type configuration of InAs=GaAs quantum dots is attractive due to large (several nm) wavelength separation between biexciton transitions ...
... Standing in stark contrast to these physical requirements are the conditions that exist in and around animal brains. Brains are warm, wet, biological constructs, honed by evolution to exhibit the sort of robustness and durability needed for survival in the world. Although to some extent they are pro ...
Tunnelling Effects in Chemistry
... (moving from left to right along the reaction coordinate), the C–H/C–D bond is slowly cleaved and when it crosses the hump, the bond is completely broken. Therefore, just at the topmost point of the hump or hilltop, a transition (or crossover) occurs, namely from a C–H/C– D to C•+H• /C• +D• . This i ...
... (moving from left to right along the reaction coordinate), the C–H/C–D bond is slowly cleaved and when it crosses the hump, the bond is completely broken. Therefore, just at the topmost point of the hump or hilltop, a transition (or crossover) occurs, namely from a C–H/C– D to C•+H• /C• +D• . This i ...
PPT - Course Website Directory
... We can have all sorts of waveforms, but thanks to superposition, if we find a nice simple set of solutions, easy to analyze, we can write the more complicated solutions as superpositions of the simple ones. v ...
... We can have all sorts of waveforms, but thanks to superposition, if we find a nice simple set of solutions, easy to analyze, we can write the more complicated solutions as superpositions of the simple ones. v ...
Black Hole Entropy: From Shannon to Bekenstein
... Our aim is to compute the BH entropy using Shannon formula in a semi-classical framework. This will vindicate the early usage of information theory ideas in deriving BH entropy by Bekenstein and equally important, we will give a quantum mechanical, (at least semiclassical), treatment which although ...
... Our aim is to compute the BH entropy using Shannon formula in a semi-classical framework. This will vindicate the early usage of information theory ideas in deriving BH entropy by Bekenstein and equally important, we will give a quantum mechanical, (at least semiclassical), treatment which although ...
introduction to information theory
... While our main focus will be on random variables taking values in finite spaces, we shall sometimes make use of continuous random variables taking values in Rd or in some smooth finite-dimensional manifold. The probability measure for an ‘infinitesimal element’ dx will be denoted by dpX (x). Each ti ...
... While our main focus will be on random variables taking values in finite spaces, we shall sometimes make use of continuous random variables taking values in Rd or in some smooth finite-dimensional manifold. The probability measure for an ‘infinitesimal element’ dx will be denoted by dpX (x). Each ti ...
Gravitation and quantum interference experiments with neutrons
... discrepancies that depend on the interferometer or the mounting. For each wavelength, the phase difference 1(λ, φ) was obtained using a phase rotator, which is placed across both beams and rotated. A series of phase rotator scans was taken for various values of φ using the wavelengths 0.21440 and 0. ...
... discrepancies that depend on the interferometer or the mounting. For each wavelength, the phase difference 1(λ, φ) was obtained using a phase rotator, which is placed across both beams and rotated. A series of phase rotator scans was taken for various values of φ using the wavelengths 0.21440 and 0. ...
A straightforward introduction to continuous quantum measurement
... While the importance of continuous measurement grows, to date there is really only one introduction to the subject that could be described as both easily accessible and extensive, that being the one by Brun in the American Journal of Physics [30] (some other pedagogical treatments can be found in [3 ...
... While the importance of continuous measurement grows, to date there is really only one introduction to the subject that could be described as both easily accessible and extensive, that being the one by Brun in the American Journal of Physics [30] (some other pedagogical treatments can be found in [3 ...
Quantum Heisenberg models and their probabilistic representations
... The graphs of physical relevance are regular lattices such as Zd (or large finite boxes in Zd ), and the factor 2#objects need be present. What should we expect in this case? A few hints come from the models of spatial random permutations, which also involve one-dimensional objects living in higher ...
... The graphs of physical relevance are regular lattices such as Zd (or large finite boxes in Zd ), and the factor 2#objects need be present. What should we expect in this case? A few hints come from the models of spatial random permutations, which also involve one-dimensional objects living in higher ...
Probability amplitude
In quantum mechanics, a probability amplitude is a complex number used in describing the behaviour of systems. The modulus squared of this quantity represents a probability or probability density.Probability amplitudes provide a relationship between the wave function (or, more generally, of a quantum state vector) of a system and the results of observations of that system, a link first proposed by Max Born. Interpretation of values of a wave function as the probability amplitude is a pillar of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. In fact, the properties of the space of wave functions were being used to make physical predictions (such as emissions from atoms being at certain discrete energies) before any physical interpretation of a particular function was offered. Born was awarded half of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for this understanding (see #References), and the probability thus calculated is sometimes called the ""Born probability"". These probabilistic concepts, namely the probability density and quantum measurements, were vigorously contested at the time by the original physicists working on the theory, such as Schrödinger and Einstein. It is the source of the mysterious consequences and philosophical difficulties in the interpretations of quantum mechanics—topics that continue to be debated even today.