Black Hole Formation and Classicalization in
... energetic particles results into a black hole formation. This acceptance is based √ on the following argument: according to classical gravity any source of √center of mass energy s when localized within its gravitational (Schwarzschild) radius R = sL2P must form a black hole. This argument is insens ...
... energetic particles results into a black hole formation. This acceptance is based √ on the following argument: according to classical gravity any source of √center of mass energy s when localized within its gravitational (Schwarzschild) radius R = sL2P must form a black hole. This argument is insens ...
Revisiting the Einstein
... [for the entropy] indirectly expresses a certain hypothesis about a mutual influence of the molecules–for the time being of a quite mysterious kind–which determines precisely the equal statistical probability of the cases here defined as “complexions.” (Einstein 1925, 5-6) Einstein made the same poi ...
... [for the entropy] indirectly expresses a certain hypothesis about a mutual influence of the molecules–for the time being of a quite mysterious kind–which determines precisely the equal statistical probability of the cases here defined as “complexions.” (Einstein 1925, 5-6) Einstein made the same poi ...
Quantum computation of scattering in scalar quantum field theories
... large amount of effort devoted to finding additional quantum algorithms offering exponential speedup. This turns out to be very difficult. At present, only relatively few problems have been discovered admitting exponential quantum speedup [7], including simulating nonrelativistic many-body quantum s ...
... large amount of effort devoted to finding additional quantum algorithms offering exponential speedup. This turns out to be very difficult. At present, only relatively few problems have been discovered admitting exponential quantum speedup [7], including simulating nonrelativistic many-body quantum s ...
Quantifying Entanglement
... effort has been placed on precisely defining just how much entanglement there is in a system. The simple case of pure states of two-part systems is rather well understood, since the von Neumann entropy is the only “reasonable” measure in this context. Things get more complicated, however, in the mix ...
... effort has been placed on precisely defining just how much entanglement there is in a system. The simple case of pure states of two-part systems is rather well understood, since the von Neumann entropy is the only “reasonable” measure in this context. Things get more complicated, however, in the mix ...
Lossless Quantum Data Compression and Secure Direct
... Quantum information theory is the combination of quantum mechanics and information theory. The profit is on both sides: quantum mechanics gains valuable aspects concerning the physical interpretation of the theory, and information theory gains enhanced capabilities of information processing and comm ...
... Quantum information theory is the combination of quantum mechanics and information theory. The profit is on both sides: quantum mechanics gains valuable aspects concerning the physical interpretation of the theory, and information theory gains enhanced capabilities of information processing and comm ...
3 Scattering theory
... If we keep the z-axis as the beam direction as in Eq. (2.4.8), and illustrated in Fig. 3.1, the coordinates can be much simplified for present case of spherical potentials. There is now no dependence on φ of the initial beam eikz , which implies that it is an eigensolution of L̂z with eigenvalue m = ...
... If we keep the z-axis as the beam direction as in Eq. (2.4.8), and illustrated in Fig. 3.1, the coordinates can be much simplified for present case of spherical potentials. There is now no dependence on φ of the initial beam eikz , which implies that it is an eigensolution of L̂z with eigenvalue m = ...
Read PDF - Physics
... information, and for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. A remarkable example of multi-partite correlations is exhibited by the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. In a GHZ state, three particles are correlated while no pairwise correlation is found. The manifestation of these strong correl ...
... information, and for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. A remarkable example of multi-partite correlations is exhibited by the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. In a GHZ state, three particles are correlated while no pairwise correlation is found. The manifestation of these strong correl ...
Decoherence, non-Markovianity and quantum estimation in qubit
... the standard description of quantum dynamics, in terms of Schrödinger equation and unitary evolution, is an idealization. In fact, the unavoidable interaction with an incontrollable environment usually destroys coherence and quantumness, making their use for quantum technology ineffective. The frag ...
... the standard description of quantum dynamics, in terms of Schrödinger equation and unitary evolution, is an idealization. In fact, the unavoidable interaction with an incontrollable environment usually destroys coherence and quantumness, making their use for quantum technology ineffective. The frag ...
The Role of Indistinguishability of Identical Particles in
... general is not at all well understood (and indeed, that strictly speaking it does not even exist in classical physics at all, for example) and that it could be used both as one of the founding principles of quantum mechanics as well as a new resource in quantum information processing. It is suggeste ...
... general is not at all well understood (and indeed, that strictly speaking it does not even exist in classical physics at all, for example) and that it could be used both as one of the founding principles of quantum mechanics as well as a new resource in quantum information processing. It is suggeste ...
Quantum Gravity as Sum over Spacetimes
... such that the correlator O(xn )O(ym ) falls off exponentially like e−m ph |xn −ym | for g0 → g0c when |xn − ym |, but not |n − m|, is kept fixed in the limit g0 → g0c . Thus we have created a picture where the underlying lattice spacing goes to zero while the physical mass (or the correlation leng ...
... such that the correlator O(xn )O(ym ) falls off exponentially like e−m ph |xn −ym | for g0 → g0c when |xn − ym |, but not |n − m|, is kept fixed in the limit g0 → g0c . Thus we have created a picture where the underlying lattice spacing goes to zero while the physical mass (or the correlation leng ...
Time in Thermodynamics
... we use to figure out whether a theory is time reversal symmetric—only inverts sequences of instantaneous states, and those states include velocities, then Newtonian mechanics will not be symmetric under the time reversal operation. In general, we apply an operator to a theory to learn about the symm ...
... we use to figure out whether a theory is time reversal symmetric—only inverts sequences of instantaneous states, and those states include velocities, then Newtonian mechanics will not be symmetric under the time reversal operation. In general, we apply an operator to a theory to learn about the symm ...
Quantum Computing with Majorana Fermions Coupled to
... hence the name. This can lead to a property called non-abelian statistics, meaning that interchanges between different particles do not generally commute. Calculations are then performed by operations that interchange the anyons on a two-dimensional surface. Such operations, known as braiding, can t ...
... hence the name. This can lead to a property called non-abelian statistics, meaning that interchanges between different particles do not generally commute. Calculations are then performed by operations that interchange the anyons on a two-dimensional surface. Such operations, known as braiding, can t ...
Probability amplitude
In quantum mechanics, a probability amplitude is a complex number used in describing the behaviour of systems. The modulus squared of this quantity represents a probability or probability density.Probability amplitudes provide a relationship between the wave function (or, more generally, of a quantum state vector) of a system and the results of observations of that system, a link first proposed by Max Born. Interpretation of values of a wave function as the probability amplitude is a pillar of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. In fact, the properties of the space of wave functions were being used to make physical predictions (such as emissions from atoms being at certain discrete energies) before any physical interpretation of a particular function was offered. Born was awarded half of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for this understanding (see #References), and the probability thus calculated is sometimes called the ""Born probability"". These probabilistic concepts, namely the probability density and quantum measurements, were vigorously contested at the time by the original physicists working on the theory, such as Schrödinger and Einstein. It is the source of the mysterious consequences and philosophical difficulties in the interpretations of quantum mechanics—topics that continue to be debated even today.