dagrep_v005_i004_p123_s15181. - DROPS
... pGCL. Besides the usual language constructs in Dijkstra’s GCL such as non-deterministic choice, it features a probabilistic choice where the probability distribution may be parametric. For instance, the assignment x += 1 [p] skip increments the variable x by one with probability p, and keeps the val ...
... pGCL. Besides the usual language constructs in Dijkstra’s GCL such as non-deterministic choice, it features a probabilistic choice where the probability distribution may be parametric. For instance, the assignment x += 1 [p] skip increments the variable x by one with probability p, and keeps the val ...
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... not attempt to define an information content of a physical system as a whole, but rather we wish to set appropriate measures of uncertainty and information for concrete pure states of a quantum system. A particular quantum state should not be misinterpreted to provide a complete description of the c ...
... not attempt to define an information content of a physical system as a whole, but rather we wish to set appropriate measures of uncertainty and information for concrete pure states of a quantum system. A particular quantum state should not be misinterpreted to provide a complete description of the c ...
Coherenc
... For thermal chaotic light with Guassian PE1, E2 we get that P ( ) depends exclusively on the standard second order degree of coherence | | . Moreover, approximately coincides with | | as shown in the next figure. ...
... For thermal chaotic light with Guassian PE1, E2 we get that P ( ) depends exclusively on the standard second order degree of coherence | | . Moreover, approximately coincides with | | as shown in the next figure. ...
Toward a scalable, silicon-based quantum computing architecture
... orthogonal states, only one of those states can be observed, or measured. After measurement, the system is no longer in superposition: the quantum state collapses into the one state measured, and the probability amplitude of all other states goes to is measured, zero. For example, when the state the ...
... orthogonal states, only one of those states can be observed, or measured. After measurement, the system is no longer in superposition: the quantum state collapses into the one state measured, and the probability amplitude of all other states goes to is measured, zero. For example, when the state the ...
Non-equilibrium Quantum Field Theory and - Gr@v
... QFT is a very useful and powerful formalism to explore a plethora of different systems, corresponding to one or more fundamental (or composite) fields that evolve in a given environment. Non-equilibrium dynamics is in general quite complicated to describe, but there are particular systems where a si ...
... QFT is a very useful and powerful formalism to explore a plethora of different systems, corresponding to one or more fundamental (or composite) fields that evolve in a given environment. Non-equilibrium dynamics is in general quite complicated to describe, but there are particular systems where a si ...
The uncertainty relations in quantum mechanics
... all the members have sharply defined values for the canonically conjugate variables. This minimal interpretation states that it is not possible to prepare pure ensembles in which all systems have the same values for these quantities, or ensembles in which the spreads are smaller than allowed by quan ...
... all the members have sharply defined values for the canonically conjugate variables. This minimal interpretation states that it is not possible to prepare pure ensembles in which all systems have the same values for these quantities, or ensembles in which the spreads are smaller than allowed by quan ...
q -entropies and the entanglement dynamics of two-qubits interacting with an... 408 A. Hamadou-Ibrahim et al.
... applications, such as quantum computation [2, 3] and quantum metrology [6]. The phenomenon of decoherence comprises, basically, a family of effects arising from the interaction (and the accompanying entanglement-development) between quantum systems and their environments [3, 4]. Physical systems in ...
... applications, such as quantum computation [2, 3] and quantum metrology [6]. The phenomenon of decoherence comprises, basically, a family of effects arising from the interaction (and the accompanying entanglement-development) between quantum systems and their environments [3, 4]. Physical systems in ...
Advanced Quantum Field Theory Lent Term 2013 Hugh Osborn
... with these ‘step by step’. It is, however, not a branch of mathematics yet. The lectures will not be rigorous from a pure mathematical point of view. In quantum field theory, the number of particles involved is potentially infinite, whereas ordinary quantum mechanics deals with states describing one ...
... with these ‘step by step’. It is, however, not a branch of mathematics yet. The lectures will not be rigorous from a pure mathematical point of view. In quantum field theory, the number of particles involved is potentially infinite, whereas ordinary quantum mechanics deals with states describing one ...
The Impact of Energy Band Diagram and Inhomogeneous
... or quantum dashes [6]–[8]. The latter have been shown to behave as a self-assembly quantum wires (SAQWRs) [9]. All such nanostructure gain media comprise a reservoir through which carriers are fed to the gain region via complex carrier relaxation mechanisms [10]. There is a finite steady-state carri ...
... or quantum dashes [6]–[8]. The latter have been shown to behave as a self-assembly quantum wires (SAQWRs) [9]. All such nanostructure gain media comprise a reservoir through which carriers are fed to the gain region via complex carrier relaxation mechanisms [10]. There is a finite steady-state carri ...
Towards a Tight Finite Key Analysis for BB84
... Alice encodes a random bit into a qubit in one of two bases, either X or Z, chosen at random. The X bits will be used to extract a key, while the Z are used to check security. She sends the qubit over a public channel to Bob, while the eavesdropper, Eve, may interfere as she wishes. Bob measures the ...
... Alice encodes a random bit into a qubit in one of two bases, either X or Z, chosen at random. The X bits will be used to extract a key, while the Z are used to check security. She sends the qubit over a public channel to Bob, while the eavesdropper, Eve, may interfere as she wishes. Bob measures the ...
Paired Hall states
... quantized Hall effect [4—7],by contrast, contradicts the one-particle picture. The one-particle picture would lead one to expect a vast sea of degenerate or nearly degenerate states, with no gap, when the valence Landau band is partially filled. Thus non-trivial correlations among the electrons must ...
... quantized Hall effect [4—7],by contrast, contradicts the one-particle picture. The one-particle picture would lead one to expect a vast sea of degenerate or nearly degenerate states, with no gap, when the valence Landau band is partially filled. Thus non-trivial correlations among the electrons must ...
entanglement properties of quantum many
... Our study of the entanglement properties of correlated wave functions for spin lattices was motivated by the work of Osterloh et al. [26] and more especially that of Osborne and Nielsen (ON) [27]. These authors were the rst to explore possible connections between quantum phase transitions and entan ...
... Our study of the entanglement properties of correlated wave functions for spin lattices was motivated by the work of Osterloh et al. [26] and more especially that of Osborne and Nielsen (ON) [27]. These authors were the rst to explore possible connections between quantum phase transitions and entan ...
Probability amplitude
In quantum mechanics, a probability amplitude is a complex number used in describing the behaviour of systems. The modulus squared of this quantity represents a probability or probability density.Probability amplitudes provide a relationship between the wave function (or, more generally, of a quantum state vector) of a system and the results of observations of that system, a link first proposed by Max Born. Interpretation of values of a wave function as the probability amplitude is a pillar of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. In fact, the properties of the space of wave functions were being used to make physical predictions (such as emissions from atoms being at certain discrete energies) before any physical interpretation of a particular function was offered. Born was awarded half of the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physics for this understanding (see #References), and the probability thus calculated is sometimes called the ""Born probability"". These probabilistic concepts, namely the probability density and quantum measurements, were vigorously contested at the time by the original physicists working on the theory, such as Schrödinger and Einstein. It is the source of the mysterious consequences and philosophical difficulties in the interpretations of quantum mechanics—topics that continue to be debated even today.