Influence of Reinforcement Contingencies and Cognitive Styles on
... arises that introverts are more sensitive to punishment and frustrative nonreward than are extraverts (Gray, 1970). Extraverts may also show greater sensitivity to reward learning. The two hypotheses that emerge are that introverts are more susceptible to conditioning and that extraverts are more su ...
... arises that introverts are more sensitive to punishment and frustrative nonreward than are extraverts (Gray, 1970). Extraverts may also show greater sensitivity to reward learning. The two hypotheses that emerge are that introverts are more susceptible to conditioning and that extraverts are more su ...
LESSON 4.3 WORKBOOK What makes us go to sleep, and what
... The VLPO contains sleep neurons. Their axons form inhibitory synaptic connections with the brain’s arousal neurons, and inhibit them. When our VLPO sleep neurons become active and suppress the activity of our arousal neurons, we fall asleep. The sleep neurons in the VLPO themselves receive inhibitor ...
... The VLPO contains sleep neurons. Their axons form inhibitory synaptic connections with the brain’s arousal neurons, and inhibit them. When our VLPO sleep neurons become active and suppress the activity of our arousal neurons, we fall asleep. The sleep neurons in the VLPO themselves receive inhibitor ...
CLASSICAL AND INSTRUMENTAL CONDITIONING: THE
... findings was obtained by Soltysik, who has shown that the "indirect" connections of Wyrwicka were mediated by the drive or emotional tenter - fear center in defensive reflexes and hunger center in alimentary reflexes (Fig. 4, right). My present concept concerning instrumental conditioning is basical ...
... findings was obtained by Soltysik, who has shown that the "indirect" connections of Wyrwicka were mediated by the drive or emotional tenter - fear center in defensive reflexes and hunger center in alimentary reflexes (Fig. 4, right). My present concept concerning instrumental conditioning is basical ...
James Robertson
... What is the mechanism that inhibits sleep during arousal? How does prolonged waking influence Orx neurons? GABA Primary (and most abundant) inhibitory neurotransmitter Sleep-active GABA Neurons from around the hypothalamus innervate Orx neurons ...
... What is the mechanism that inhibits sleep during arousal? How does prolonged waking influence Orx neurons? GABA Primary (and most abundant) inhibitory neurotransmitter Sleep-active GABA Neurons from around the hypothalamus innervate Orx neurons ...
Summary Ch - Dr. Allan N. Schore
... stabilization of novel forms of self-organization from lower order forms. Schore includes the ways in which the developing brain hierarchically self-organizes. Then the way in which “lower” autonomic and “higher” central brain systems become capable of generating and then regulating psychobiologic s ...
... stabilization of novel forms of self-organization from lower order forms. Schore includes the ways in which the developing brain hierarchically self-organizes. Then the way in which “lower” autonomic and “higher” central brain systems become capable of generating and then regulating psychobiologic s ...
(15 pages pdf)
... whether it is unitary or whether there are different types of behavior-specific arousal has not been clear. In Drosophila, dopamine promotes sleep-wake arousal. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding its influence on environmentally stimulated arousal. Here we show that loss-of-function mu ...
... whether it is unitary or whether there are different types of behavior-specific arousal has not been clear. In Drosophila, dopamine promotes sleep-wake arousal. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding its influence on environmentally stimulated arousal. Here we show that loss-of-function mu ...
Anatomical and physiological bases of consciousness and sleep
... of wake-sleep cycle • Consciousness–awareness of environment and self = two aspects: 1. content of consciousness- representing cognitive mental functions that reflect the activity of the cerebral cortex 2. arousal and wakefulness –dependent on the reticular activating system and its projections whic ...
... of wake-sleep cycle • Consciousness–awareness of environment and self = two aspects: 1. content of consciousness- representing cognitive mental functions that reflect the activity of the cerebral cortex 2. arousal and wakefulness –dependent on the reticular activating system and its projections whic ...
Glutamate
... • Female monkeys (reared this way) were very poor mothers, especially with first born. Their behaviors were timid, emotionally over excitable. • No type of conventional therapy (not drugs) provided any long-lasting restoration of normal social function. • The most effective approach was exposure to ...
... • Female monkeys (reared this way) were very poor mothers, especially with first born. Their behaviors were timid, emotionally over excitable. • No type of conventional therapy (not drugs) provided any long-lasting restoration of normal social function. • The most effective approach was exposure to ...
Feeding in an Artificial Insect
... also proven to be essential for explaining the behavior of simpler animals as well. Unfortunately, the explanatory utility of these internal factors is limited by the fact that they are hypothetical constructs, inferred by the theorist to intervene between stimulus and action in order to account for ...
... also proven to be essential for explaining the behavior of simpler animals as well. Unfortunately, the explanatory utility of these internal factors is limited by the fact that they are hypothetical constructs, inferred by the theorist to intervene between stimulus and action in order to account for ...
Lecture 7 Rhythms of the Brain
... – REM deprivation interferes with learning tasks. – Non-REM deprivation does not interfere with the same learning tasks. ...
... – REM deprivation interferes with learning tasks. – Non-REM deprivation does not interfere with the same learning tasks. ...
Neurons and Neurotransmitters
... are chemicals that carry messages across the synapse. They influence whether another neural impulse will take place. (Epilepsy video) ...
... are chemicals that carry messages across the synapse. They influence whether another neural impulse will take place. (Epilepsy video) ...
The Cerebral Cortex and Higher Intellectual Functions
... muscles are relaxed; arousal is difficult ...
... muscles are relaxed; arousal is difficult ...
Posttraumatic stress disorder
... He became extravagant and anti-social, a fullmouth and a liar with bad manners, and could no longer hold a job or plan his future. He was quick to anger and often got into fights. "The equilibrium between his intellectual faculties and animal propensities seems to have been destroyed.” - Harlow ...
... He became extravagant and anti-social, a fullmouth and a liar with bad manners, and could no longer hold a job or plan his future. He was quick to anger and often got into fights. "The equilibrium between his intellectual faculties and animal propensities seems to have been destroyed.” - Harlow ...
persistent sexual arousal syndrome (psas)
... or by chronically elevated sexual arousal due to a hormone related disorder. Women in this category would have PSAS beginning at the time of menopause, or would have increased PSAS symptoms during a specific phase of the menstrual cycle (usually for a few days before the onset of the menstrual perio ...
... or by chronically elevated sexual arousal due to a hormone related disorder. Women in this category would have PSAS beginning at the time of menopause, or would have increased PSAS symptoms during a specific phase of the menstrual cycle (usually for a few days before the onset of the menstrual perio ...
Modeling Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive-Affective Interaction Abninder Litt () Chris Eliasmith ()
... A key advantage of opponent systems for positive and negative reward prediction error is that we can distinctly calibrate outputs from these systems to other brain areas. Because prediction error is in effect a measurement of surprise, we hypothesize that one target of such outputs is the amygdala, ...
... A key advantage of opponent systems for positive and negative reward prediction error is that we can distinctly calibrate outputs from these systems to other brain areas. Because prediction error is in effect a measurement of surprise, we hypothesize that one target of such outputs is the amygdala, ...
neuron
... between the axon which is sending the signal and the dendrite which is receiving the signal. • At the ends of the axon, the terminal buttons release neurotransmitters: which are chemical messengers that bind together neurons and influence whether another neural impulse will take place. ...
... between the axon which is sending the signal and the dendrite which is receiving the signal. • At the ends of the axon, the terminal buttons release neurotransmitters: which are chemical messengers that bind together neurons and influence whether another neural impulse will take place. ...
The Spanish adaptation of ANEW (Affective Norms for English Words)
... not align themselves with this tendency. For instance, one could choose pleasant words with neutral arousal (e.g., madre [mother], valence: 8.19; arousal: 5.19) and/or unpleasant words with intermediate arousal (e.g., funeral [funeral], valence: 1.48; arousal: 5.06). We also tried to find if cultura ...
... not align themselves with this tendency. For instance, one could choose pleasant words with neutral arousal (e.g., madre [mother], valence: 8.19; arousal: 5.19) and/or unpleasant words with intermediate arousal (e.g., funeral [funeral], valence: 1.48; arousal: 5.06). We also tried to find if cultura ...
2 - New Page 1
... • Dream mood, anxiety, imaginativeness, expressiveness positively correlated with waking state the daily residue ...
... • Dream mood, anxiety, imaginativeness, expressiveness positively correlated with waking state the daily residue ...
Table 13 - Angelfire
... A. Activation Theory of Emotion {Lindsey} Holds that emotion is associated with the activity of the reticular activating system (RAS) which is part of the brain stem A continuum is seen to exist from coma and sleep at the low end of the scale, through waking and attentive behaviors This contin ...
... A. Activation Theory of Emotion {Lindsey} Holds that emotion is associated with the activity of the reticular activating system (RAS) which is part of the brain stem A continuum is seen to exist from coma and sleep at the low end of the scale, through waking and attentive behaviors This contin ...
Abstract
... sleeping for a while, we can wake up naturally. However, the mechanism regulating sleep/wakefulness cycle has not been completely understood so far, while it appears to be regulated by neurons in the hypothalamus. Orexin, also called hypocretin is a neuropeptide recently identified as a natural liga ...
... sleeping for a while, we can wake up naturally. However, the mechanism regulating sleep/wakefulness cycle has not been completely understood so far, while it appears to be regulated by neurons in the hypothalamus. Orexin, also called hypocretin is a neuropeptide recently identified as a natural liga ...
Neurotransmitters
... Black out or binge drinkers seek the feeling of numbness when they use alcohol in excess Too much=psychotic, hallucinations Too little=clinically depressed ...
... Black out or binge drinkers seek the feeling of numbness when they use alcohol in excess Too much=psychotic, hallucinations Too little=clinically depressed ...
EXAM 1 Study Guide
... 2) specific stimuli: habituation is stimulus-specific; that is, it occurs for specific stimuli. If the stimulus is changed, habituation slows down or does not occur. 3) chemical changes: is believed to be associated with a chemical change in the interneurons rather than previously thought change in ...
... 2) specific stimuli: habituation is stimulus-specific; that is, it occurs for specific stimuli. If the stimulus is changed, habituation slows down or does not occur. 3) chemical changes: is believed to be associated with a chemical change in the interneurons rather than previously thought change in ...