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Welcome to 3FF3! Bio
... Why do we get cyclic acetals of sugars? (Glucose in open form is << 1%) a) Rearrangement reaction: we exchange a C=O bond for a stronger C-O σ bond ΔH is favored b) There is little ring strain in 5- or 6- membered rings c) ΔS: there is some loss of rotational entropy in making a ring, but less th ...
... Why do we get cyclic acetals of sugars? (Glucose in open form is << 1%) a) Rearrangement reaction: we exchange a C=O bond for a stronger C-O σ bond ΔH is favored b) There is little ring strain in 5- or 6- membered rings c) ΔS: there is some loss of rotational entropy in making a ring, but less th ...
Bell Work: What characteristics do all living things share? Monday
... Chemical some use chemicals from the environment plants, algae, some bacteria use sunlight, stored as chemical energy. ...
... Chemical some use chemicals from the environment plants, algae, some bacteria use sunlight, stored as chemical energy. ...
File
... 46. The enzyme amylase will affect the breakdown of carbohydrates, but it will not affect the breakdown of proteins. The ability of an enzyme molecule to interact with specific molecules is most directly determined by the A) shapes of the molecules involved B) number of molecules involved C) sequenc ...
... 46. The enzyme amylase will affect the breakdown of carbohydrates, but it will not affect the breakdown of proteins. The ability of an enzyme molecule to interact with specific molecules is most directly determined by the A) shapes of the molecules involved B) number of molecules involved C) sequenc ...
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
... Compare saturated and unsaturated compounds and explain why the latter are more reactive. Draw the structural formula of benzene and explain the circle inside it. Explain what a functional group is and list several important examples. Compare inorganic acids, bases, and salts with their organic equi ...
... Compare saturated and unsaturated compounds and explain why the latter are more reactive. Draw the structural formula of benzene and explain the circle inside it. Explain what a functional group is and list several important examples. Compare inorganic acids, bases, and salts with their organic equi ...
AP Biology Unit 1- The Chemistry of Life
... Hormones can be a variety of kinds of molecules. Insulin is a hormone that is protein derivative and testosterone is a steroid molecule. (a) Describe the structure of a protein hormone and give one more example. (b) Describe the structure of a steroid hormone and give one more example. (c) Compare a ...
... Hormones can be a variety of kinds of molecules. Insulin is a hormone that is protein derivative and testosterone is a steroid molecule. (a) Describe the structure of a protein hormone and give one more example. (b) Describe the structure of a steroid hormone and give one more example. (c) Compare a ...
Speciation & Patterns of Evolution
... 6.Plants, fungi, and animals colonized the land about 500 million years ago. ...
... 6.Plants, fungi, and animals colonized the land about 500 million years ago. ...
Intelligent life in the Universe
... • It will maintain the region far away from equilibrium. • The most classical example is MILK: When heated to temperatures close to boiling point of water, following changes occur: – It spontaneously forms capillary structures which make it boil over – Makes a homogeneous mixture become inhomogeneou ...
... • It will maintain the region far away from equilibrium. • The most classical example is MILK: When heated to temperatures close to boiling point of water, following changes occur: – It spontaneously forms capillary structures which make it boil over – Makes a homogeneous mixture become inhomogeneou ...
Atoms and Molecules - Gulfport School District
... •Chemical Reactions- water is required for chemical reactions to take place. •Transport- soluble substances can be transported through the body when dissolved. Chapter 2 – The Body’s Chemical Makeup ...
... •Chemical Reactions- water is required for chemical reactions to take place. •Transport- soluble substances can be transported through the body when dissolved. Chapter 2 – The Body’s Chemical Makeup ...
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes
... A) excess hydrogen ions can change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them nonfunctional. B) excess hydrogen ions can break chemical bonds. C) excess hydrogen ions can disrupt tissue functions. D) all of the above E) A and B only ...
... A) excess hydrogen ions can change the shape of large complex molecules, rendering them nonfunctional. B) excess hydrogen ions can break chemical bonds. C) excess hydrogen ions can disrupt tissue functions. D) all of the above E) A and B only ...
1 Chapter 3: Chemistry of Water Polar covalent bonds within water
... -This happens because the positive and negative regions of water molecules are attracted to oppositely charged ions or partially charged regions of polar molecules -for example: NaCl dissolves in water. -Water molecules surround the NaCl molecules the slightly negative oxygen atoms are attracted to ...
... -This happens because the positive and negative regions of water molecules are attracted to oppositely charged ions or partially charged regions of polar molecules -for example: NaCl dissolves in water. -Water molecules surround the NaCl molecules the slightly negative oxygen atoms are attracted to ...
Testing for Carbohydrates Fats Proteins
... 2. There are only 20 known amino acids, but there are thousands of different proteins. The human body can manufacture only 11 of the 20 amino acids. The other nine are called essential amino acids and must be consumed through the food that is eaten. C. A dipeptide is two amino acids bonded toget ...
... 2. There are only 20 known amino acids, but there are thousands of different proteins. The human body can manufacture only 11 of the 20 amino acids. The other nine are called essential amino acids and must be consumed through the food that is eaten. C. A dipeptide is two amino acids bonded toget ...
doc
... such as fats and oils. Lipid molecules consist of fatty acids, with or without additional molecules. Fatty acids are organic compounds that have the general formula CH3(CH2)nCOOH, where n usually ranges from 2 to 28 and is always an even number. Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Fatty acids can ...
... such as fats and oils. Lipid molecules consist of fatty acids, with or without additional molecules. Fatty acids are organic compounds that have the general formula CH3(CH2)nCOOH, where n usually ranges from 2 to 28 and is always an even number. Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Fatty acids can ...
What would life on other planets be like?
... from molecules to grow larger molecules like starches and proteins - In catabolism water is used to break bonds to make smaller molecules, allowing fuel use (e.g. glucose) ...
... from molecules to grow larger molecules like starches and proteins - In catabolism water is used to break bonds to make smaller molecules, allowing fuel use (e.g. glucose) ...
Study Island
... 13. In all areas of the world, groundwater is an important source of drinking water. However, in many areas, the groundwater is being polluted, mainly by nitrates. Sometimes the groundwater is so polluted, it is no longer able to be used as drinking water. What is the most likely source of the nitra ...
... 13. In all areas of the world, groundwater is an important source of drinking water. However, in many areas, the groundwater is being polluted, mainly by nitrates. Sometimes the groundwater is so polluted, it is no longer able to be used as drinking water. What is the most likely source of the nitra ...
Biochemistry
... Biochemistry Covalent bond - Chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electron pairs between two atoms Ionic bond - Chemical bonding resulting from the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or a group of atoms to another. ...
... Biochemistry Covalent bond - Chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electron pairs between two atoms Ionic bond - Chemical bonding resulting from the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom or a group of atoms to another. ...
Table of Contents
... generation, whereas others become smaller from disuse • Though Lamarck made important contributions, this theory of acquired structures is not accepted by scientists today. ...
... generation, whereas others become smaller from disuse • Though Lamarck made important contributions, this theory of acquired structures is not accepted by scientists today. ...
Unit 3 Lesson 1 Biochemistry
... ARRANGEMENT of the atoms.) Discovered in 1976, sucralose is 600 times sweeter than sugar and does not metabolize to produce energy, thus it does not contain calories. It is the only low calorie sweetener that is made from sugar, which has been changed, so it passes through the body unchanged and unm ...
... ARRANGEMENT of the atoms.) Discovered in 1976, sucralose is 600 times sweeter than sugar and does not metabolize to produce energy, thus it does not contain calories. It is the only low calorie sweetener that is made from sugar, which has been changed, so it passes through the body unchanged and unm ...
Document
... • Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids Inorganic molecules • Generally do not contain C • Usually smaller than organic molecules • Usually dissociate in water, forming ions • Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and inorganic salts ...
... • Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids Inorganic molecules • Generally do not contain C • Usually smaller than organic molecules • Usually dissociate in water, forming ions • Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and inorganic salts ...
Heterotroph Theory
... First Organic Compounds The estimated age of the Earth is over 4 billion years ...
... First Organic Compounds The estimated age of the Earth is over 4 billion years ...
Lecture 43: Extraterrestrial Life
... But, Silicon has serious problems as an alternative to Carbon Si–Si bonds are only 1/2 as strong as C–C bonds Si chains and rings are unstable. Si–H and Si–O bonds are stronger ...
... But, Silicon has serious problems as an alternative to Carbon Si–Si bonds are only 1/2 as strong as C–C bonds Si chains and rings are unstable. Si–H and Si–O bonds are stronger ...
2 The Necessities of Life
... 5. Compare Name two ways that simple carbohydrates differ from complex ...
... 5. Compare Name two ways that simple carbohydrates differ from complex ...
Cloudfront.net
... monophosphate (AMP), with one phosphate group, is formed. c. Energy is released, which can be used by the cell. d. Energy is lost in the process. ...
... monophosphate (AMP), with one phosphate group, is formed. c. Energy is released, which can be used by the cell. d. Energy is lost in the process. ...
The Necessities of Life
... organisms can be grouped into three different groups based on how they get their food. Making Food Some organisms, such as plants, are called producers. Producers can make their own food. Like most producers, plants use energy from the sun to make food from water and carbon dioxide. Some producers ...
... organisms can be grouped into three different groups based on how they get their food. Making Food Some organisms, such as plants, are called producers. Producers can make their own food. Like most producers, plants use energy from the sun to make food from water and carbon dioxide. Some producers ...
Chapter_25_Metabolism
... citric acid cycle or can be converted to ketone bodies. • Other lipids are used as structural molecules or to synthesize essential molecules. Examples include ...
... citric acid cycle or can be converted to ketone bodies. • Other lipids are used as structural molecules or to synthesize essential molecules. Examples include ...
Concept 1 PDF Copy Of Powerpoint
... Where they live affects how they can obtain these nutrients ◦ A substrate is a material on which an organism lives or moves ◦ Some organisms attach themselves to a substrate, others obtain their nutrients from the substrate ...
... Where they live affects how they can obtain these nutrients ◦ A substrate is a material on which an organism lives or moves ◦ Some organisms attach themselves to a substrate, others obtain their nutrients from the substrate ...
Abiogenesis
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stromatolites.jpg?width=300)
Abiogenesis (Brit.: /ˌeɪbaɪ.ɵˈdʒɛnɨsɪs/ AY-by-oh-JEN-ə-siss U.S. English pronunciation: /ˌeɪˌbaɪoʊˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/), or biopoiesis, is the natural process of life arising from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds. It is thought to have occurred on Earth between 3.8 and 4 billion years ago, and is studied through a combination of laboratory experiments and extrapolation from the genetic information of modern organisms in order to make reasonable conjectures about what pre-life chemical reactions may have given rise to a living system.The study of abiogenesis involves three main types of considerations: the geophysical, the chemical, and the biological, with more recent approaches attempting a synthesis of all three. Many approaches investigate how self-replicating molecules, or their components, came into existence. It is generally accepted that current life on Earth descended from an RNA world, although RNA-based life may not have been the first life to have existed. The Miller–Urey experiment and similar experiments demonstrated that most amino acids, basic chemicals of life, can be synthesized from inorganic compounds in conditions intended to be similar to early Earth. Several mechanisms have been investigated, including lightning and radiation. Other approaches (""metabolism first"" hypotheses) focus on understanding how catalysis in chemical systems in the early Earth might have provided the precursor molecules necessary for self-replication. Complex organic molecules have been found in the Solar System and in interstellar space, and these molecules may have provided starting material for the development of life on Earth.According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the Universe. It is speculated that the biochemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the age of the universe was only 10–17 million years.Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the Universe known to harbor life. The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in southwestern Greenland.