Unit 1 Notes Packet - ALL
... Step 3 – RNA formation and reproduction – The experiments of Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman have shown that small strands of RNA molecules can act as enzymes (biological catalyst for chemical reactions). The enzymatic RNA molecules are called Ribozymes. These small strands of RNA would have been the ...
... Step 3 – RNA formation and reproduction – The experiments of Thomas Cech and Sidney Altman have shown that small strands of RNA molecules can act as enzymes (biological catalyst for chemical reactions). The enzymatic RNA molecules are called Ribozymes. These small strands of RNA would have been the ...
SYNOPSIS OF CHEMISTRY
... 3. Acid-base reactions à la Brønsted. Conjugate pairs. 4. Autoprotolysis. Ampholytes. 5. Lewis acids and bases.Protons and electron-pairs. Acid-base reactions without protons. 6. Dissociation of water. Ion product of water. 7. pH. pH scale. pH indicators. Тitration. 8. Oxidation-reduction reaction. ...
... 3. Acid-base reactions à la Brønsted. Conjugate pairs. 4. Autoprotolysis. Ampholytes. 5. Lewis acids and bases.Protons and electron-pairs. Acid-base reactions without protons. 6. Dissociation of water. Ion product of water. 7. pH. pH scale. pH indicators. Тitration. 8. Oxidation-reduction reaction. ...
NC Exam Questions - Rosshall Academy
... (ii) A barrel containing 195 litres of cask strength whisky costs £1300. The cask strength whisky is diluted with water to reduce the concentration of alcohol from 65% abv to 46% abv before it is bottled. Calculate the cost of the cask strength whisky needed to produce a 0·70 litre bottle. Show you ...
... (ii) A barrel containing 195 litres of cask strength whisky costs £1300. The cask strength whisky is diluted with water to reduce the concentration of alcohol from 65% abv to 46% abv before it is bottled. Calculate the cost of the cask strength whisky needed to produce a 0·70 litre bottle. Show you ...
Evolution vs. Creation Genesis 1:1 1. 3 How did life begin? A vitally
... Charles Babbage 1791-1871 invented the first modern computer. 3. 14 Tools to Evaluate TOE and Creation: The evidence we’ll examine comes from four main sources. A. Probability: Spontaneous generation and random mutations are events for which probabilities can be estimated for the likelihood of the ...
... Charles Babbage 1791-1871 invented the first modern computer. 3. 14 Tools to Evaluate TOE and Creation: The evidence we’ll examine comes from four main sources. A. Probability: Spontaneous generation and random mutations are events for which probabilities can be estimated for the likelihood of the ...
Basic Theories for Introductory Biology
... H2O, CO2, CO, N2, N2S, NH3, H2, HCN and CH4, but not O2. Energy inputs from solar radiation, lightning, and the Earth's heat caused the small molecules to spontaneously combine to form larger, more-complex "building block" molecules such as amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, and nitrogenous ...
... H2O, CO2, CO, N2, N2S, NH3, H2, HCN and CH4, but not O2. Energy inputs from solar radiation, lightning, and the Earth's heat caused the small molecules to spontaneously combine to form larger, more-complex "building block" molecules such as amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, and nitrogenous ...
Evolution
... • Amino acids can form polypeptides when exposed to dry heat • Could have occurred when amino acids collected in puddles and were exposed to sunlight-formed proteinoids – Proteinoids have catalytic ability – Form microspheres when introduced back into water ...
... • Amino acids can form polypeptides when exposed to dry heat • Could have occurred when amino acids collected in puddles and were exposed to sunlight-formed proteinoids – Proteinoids have catalytic ability – Form microspheres when introduced back into water ...
Unit 2 - Calderglen High School
... (ii) A barrel containing 195 litres of cask strength whisky costs £1300. The cask strength whisky is diluted with water to reduce the concentration of alcohol from 65% abv to 46% abv before it is bottled. Calculate the cost of the cask strength whisky needed to produce a 0·70 litre bottle. Show you ...
... (ii) A barrel containing 195 litres of cask strength whisky costs £1300. The cask strength whisky is diluted with water to reduce the concentration of alcohol from 65% abv to 46% abv before it is bottled. Calculate the cost of the cask strength whisky needed to produce a 0·70 litre bottle. Show you ...
Unit 2
... 2. What evidence suggests that it is likely that RNA evolved before DNA? 3. Explain why the sequence of evolution was most likely the following: a. single-celled chemoautotrophic and chemoheterotrophic prokaryotes b. photosynthetic prokaryotes c. eukaryotes d. aquatic multicellular organisms e. terr ...
... 2. What evidence suggests that it is likely that RNA evolved before DNA? 3. Explain why the sequence of evolution was most likely the following: a. single-celled chemoautotrophic and chemoheterotrophic prokaryotes b. photosynthetic prokaryotes c. eukaryotes d. aquatic multicellular organisms e. terr ...
Biology - Fall Semester Final Exam 2013-2014
... Which of the following is a correct graphical representation of the organizational levels of a biological system, with the outside being the physically largest type? A ...
... Which of the following is a correct graphical representation of the organizational levels of a biological system, with the outside being the physically largest type? A ...
Carbohydrates (CHO) - Ms. Karellas
... equally, nonpolar covalent ∆En > 0 < 1.7 – one atom attracts the electrons more than the other, polar covalent bond ∆En > 1.7 or = 1.7 – electrons are gained by one atom, lost by the other, (anions and cations), ionic bond ...
... equally, nonpolar covalent ∆En > 0 < 1.7 – one atom attracts the electrons more than the other, polar covalent bond ∆En > 1.7 or = 1.7 – electrons are gained by one atom, lost by the other, (anions and cations), ionic bond ...
BIOLOGY IGCSE Revision Checklist Form 3 2016-2017
... • State the functions of enzymes as follows: – amylase breaks down starch to simpler sugars – protease breaks down protein to amino acids – lipase breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol; • State where, in the alimentary canal, amylase, protease and lipase are secreted; • Describe the digestion ...
... • State the functions of enzymes as follows: – amylase breaks down starch to simpler sugars – protease breaks down protein to amino acids – lipase breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol; • State where, in the alimentary canal, amylase, protease and lipase are secreted; • Describe the digestion ...
Lesson 7b - Urine Formation
... Each nephron has its own blood supply. Dissolved solutes pass through the walls of the glomerulus (high-pressure filter) into the Bowman’s capsule, along the concentration gradient. Water, sodium chloride, glucose, and hydrogen ions can pass from one structure to the other (because they are smal ...
... Each nephron has its own blood supply. Dissolved solutes pass through the walls of the glomerulus (high-pressure filter) into the Bowman’s capsule, along the concentration gradient. Water, sodium chloride, glucose, and hydrogen ions can pass from one structure to the other (because they are smal ...
The Emperor Has No Clothes - Westside Church of Christ
... B. Darwin published his book Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection in 1859 several years after a 5-year voyage around the world as the naturalist on the sailing vessel Beagle. C. Interestingly, Darwin was originally trained at Cambridge as a minister in the Church of England. D. ** But, so ...
... B. Darwin published his book Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection in 1859 several years after a 5-year voyage around the world as the naturalist on the sailing vessel Beagle. C. Interestingly, Darwin was originally trained at Cambridge as a minister in the Church of England. D. ** But, so ...
2 Earth`s Physical Systems: Matter, Energy, and Geology Chapter
... we successfully capture energy is termed the energy conversion efficiency and is the ratio of useful output of energy to the amount that needs to be input. C. Light energy from the sun powers most living systems. 1. Some organisms use the sun’s radiation to produce their own food. Such organisms ar ...
... we successfully capture energy is termed the energy conversion efficiency and is the ratio of useful output of energy to the amount that needs to be input. C. Light energy from the sun powers most living systems. 1. Some organisms use the sun’s radiation to produce their own food. Such organisms ar ...
Summary of 5.4
... An aminoacid like aminoethanoic acid (glycine) NH2CH2COOH, can act as an acid or a base. NH2CH2COOH(aq) + H+(aq) NH3+CH2COOH NH2CH2COOH(aq) + OH-(aq) NH2CH2COO-(aq) + H2O(l) In solution the acidic hydrogen of the amino acid is lost and can attach itself to the nitrogen atom in the same molecule. ...
... An aminoacid like aminoethanoic acid (glycine) NH2CH2COOH, can act as an acid or a base. NH2CH2COOH(aq) + H+(aq) NH3+CH2COOH NH2CH2COOH(aq) + OH-(aq) NH2CH2COO-(aq) + H2O(l) In solution the acidic hydrogen of the amino acid is lost and can attach itself to the nitrogen atom in the same molecule. ...
Bio 105 Env
... 2. What are the two varieties of lipoproteins? 3. Which type is called the “bad cholesterol” and which is the “good cholesterol”? 4. Why is the “bad cholesterol” considered unhealthy and why is the “good cholesterol” healthier to have in ...
... 2. What are the two varieties of lipoproteins? 3. Which type is called the “bad cholesterol” and which is the “good cholesterol”? 4. Why is the “bad cholesterol” considered unhealthy and why is the “good cholesterol” healthier to have in ...
Structure of an Atom
... flNutrients: Essential elements and molecules absorbed from food. flMetabolites: All molecules synthesized or broken down by metabolic reactions. flNutrients and metabolites can be classified as: flInorganic: In general, small molecules that do not contain carbon. flOrganic: In general, contain carb ...
... flNutrients: Essential elements and molecules absorbed from food. flMetabolites: All molecules synthesized or broken down by metabolic reactions. flNutrients and metabolites can be classified as: flInorganic: In general, small molecules that do not contain carbon. flOrganic: In general, contain carb ...
Chemosynthetic Communities
... sediments. These areas, known as cold seeps, are commonly found along continental margins, and (like hydrothermal vents) are home to many species that have not been found anywhere else on Earth. CH4 and H2S are produced by the breakdown of organic matter deposited in the sediments. Chemosynthetic ar ...
... sediments. These areas, known as cold seeps, are commonly found along continental margins, and (like hydrothermal vents) are home to many species that have not been found anywhere else on Earth. CH4 and H2S are produced by the breakdown of organic matter deposited in the sediments. Chemosynthetic ar ...
Studies on some essential amino acids: Synthesis of methyl esters
... capable to form quaternary ammonium salts. Amino acid methyl esters are important intermediates in organic synthesis [3]. Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) are one of the most used classes of disinfectants[4] with a large applicability. They are used as bactericides [5-6], fungicides [5-8], antimalari ...
... capable to form quaternary ammonium salts. Amino acid methyl esters are important intermediates in organic synthesis [3]. Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) are one of the most used classes of disinfectants[4] with a large applicability. They are used as bactericides [5-6], fungicides [5-8], antimalari ...
Water Resources - Mayfield City Schools
... • A mixture is a combination of elements, molecules, or compounds that are not bonded chemically. • Solutions are mixtures in which all ingredients are equally distributed. • Mixtures can be solids, liquids, or gases. ...
... • A mixture is a combination of elements, molecules, or compounds that are not bonded chemically. • Solutions are mixtures in which all ingredients are equally distributed. • Mixtures can be solids, liquids, or gases. ...
Organic Chemistry
... While structural isomers typically have different chemical properties, stereoisomers behave identically in most chemical reactions, except in their reaction with other stereoisomers. Enzymes however can distinguish between different enantiomers of a compound, and organisms often prefer one isomer ov ...
... While structural isomers typically have different chemical properties, stereoisomers behave identically in most chemical reactions, except in their reaction with other stereoisomers. Enzymes however can distinguish between different enantiomers of a compound, and organisms often prefer one isomer ov ...
Topic D (Evolution)
... forms also exist, with solid black wings. • The melanic forms absorb heat more efficiently and therefore have a selective advantage when sunlight levels are low. • The melanic form became more common in industrial areas of Britain, but declined again after the 1960’s. • If the air is dark with smoke ...
... forms also exist, with solid black wings. • The melanic forms absorb heat more efficiently and therefore have a selective advantage when sunlight levels are low. • The melanic form became more common in industrial areas of Britain, but declined again after the 1960’s. • If the air is dark with smoke ...
Comp 2 PPT
... Water has a high heat of vaporization (the amount of heat required to convert liquid water into gaseous water, aka steam). This makes it an effective coolant for the body. That is why sweating actually cools us down. (Evaporative Coolant) ...
... Water has a high heat of vaporization (the amount of heat required to convert liquid water into gaseous water, aka steam). This makes it an effective coolant for the body. That is why sweating actually cools us down. (Evaporative Coolant) ...
The History of Life
... The primordial soup hypothesis was an early hypothesis about the origin of life. Organic molecules could have been synthesized from simple reactions. UV light from the Sun and electric discharge in lightning might have been the primary energy sources. ...
... The primordial soup hypothesis was an early hypothesis about the origin of life. Organic molecules could have been synthesized from simple reactions. UV light from the Sun and electric discharge in lightning might have been the primary energy sources. ...
Abiogenesis
Abiogenesis (Brit.: /ˌeɪbaɪ.ɵˈdʒɛnɨsɪs/ AY-by-oh-JEN-ə-siss U.S. English pronunciation: /ˌeɪˌbaɪoʊˈdʒɛnᵻsɪs/), or biopoiesis, is the natural process of life arising from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds. It is thought to have occurred on Earth between 3.8 and 4 billion years ago, and is studied through a combination of laboratory experiments and extrapolation from the genetic information of modern organisms in order to make reasonable conjectures about what pre-life chemical reactions may have given rise to a living system.The study of abiogenesis involves three main types of considerations: the geophysical, the chemical, and the biological, with more recent approaches attempting a synthesis of all three. Many approaches investigate how self-replicating molecules, or their components, came into existence. It is generally accepted that current life on Earth descended from an RNA world, although RNA-based life may not have been the first life to have existed. The Miller–Urey experiment and similar experiments demonstrated that most amino acids, basic chemicals of life, can be synthesized from inorganic compounds in conditions intended to be similar to early Earth. Several mechanisms have been investigated, including lightning and radiation. Other approaches (""metabolism first"" hypotheses) focus on understanding how catalysis in chemical systems in the early Earth might have provided the precursor molecules necessary for self-replication. Complex organic molecules have been found in the Solar System and in interstellar space, and these molecules may have provided starting material for the development of life on Earth.According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the Universe. It is speculated that the biochemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the age of the universe was only 10–17 million years.Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the Universe known to harbor life. The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years. The earliest undisputed evidence of life on Earth dates at least from 3.5 billion years ago, during the Eoarchean Era after a geological crust started to solidify following the earlier molten Hadean Eon. There are microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of a biogenic substance is graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in southwestern Greenland.