Three Cases of Enduring Memory Impairment after Bilateral Damage
... Patient RB had little detectable retrograde amnesia (ZolaMorgan et al., 1986); except for perhaps the year or 2 immediately preceding his ischemic event, he had good memory of events that had occurred before the onset of amnesia. Other amnesic patients with confirmed medial temporal lobe damage also ...
... Patient RB had little detectable retrograde amnesia (ZolaMorgan et al., 1986); except for perhaps the year or 2 immediately preceding his ischemic event, he had good memory of events that had occurred before the onset of amnesia. Other amnesic patients with confirmed medial temporal lobe damage also ...
More is Better: The Effects of Multiple Repetitions on Implicit Memory
... In the Reder et al. (1998) experiments, the words were selected from the Medical Research Council psycholinguistic database (Coltheart, 1981). Half the word were selected to have high normative frequencies, and half were selected to have low frequencies. The mean normative Kucera and Francis (1967) ...
... In the Reder et al. (1998) experiments, the words were selected from the Medical Research Council psycholinguistic database (Coltheart, 1981). Half the word were selected to have high normative frequencies, and half were selected to have low frequencies. The mean normative Kucera and Francis (1967) ...
Hippocampal contributions to language
... and listened to short stories. The amount of time participants spent looking at the characters after a pronoun reference was recorded. Healthy comparisons and BDC participants preferentially targeted the first mentioned character while participants with hippocampal damage did not to the same degree, ...
... and listened to short stories. The amount of time participants spent looking at the characters after a pronoun reference was recorded. Healthy comparisons and BDC participants preferentially targeted the first mentioned character while participants with hippocampal damage did not to the same degree, ...
Role of Prefrontal and Parietal Cortices in Associative - ACT-R
... Dosenbach et al. 2006). They argue that activity in all these regions may reflect more general processes than just memory. Based on the ACT-R theory (Anderson, Bothell, et al. 2004), we have developed an interpretation of the activity in this circuit (e.g., Anderson 2005; Anderson et al. 2007; Danker ...
... Dosenbach et al. 2006). They argue that activity in all these regions may reflect more general processes than just memory. Based on the ACT-R theory (Anderson, Bothell, et al. 2004), we have developed an interpretation of the activity in this circuit (e.g., Anderson 2005; Anderson et al. 2007; Danker ...
Cerebral Cortex July 2009;19:1539--1548 doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn191 Advance Access publication November 2, 2008
... participants may not have been able to fully remember or imagine a certain event in the time allotted, they were instructed to let those events out of mind and to focus all their attention on the following trial. However, this was not expected to occur (and in fact did not, as reported by participan ...
... participants may not have been able to fully remember or imagine a certain event in the time allotted, they were instructed to let those events out of mind and to focus all their attention on the following trial. However, this was not expected to occur (and in fact did not, as reported by participan ...
Working Memory in the Prefrontal Cortex
... planning, and decision-making in humans [13]. Although the prefrontal cortex is thought to participate in important cognitive functions in humans, little is known about the mechanism by which the prefrontal cortex produces these functions. However, studies using nonhuman primates have contributed si ...
... planning, and decision-making in humans [13]. Although the prefrontal cortex is thought to participate in important cognitive functions in humans, little is known about the mechanism by which the prefrontal cortex produces these functions. However, studies using nonhuman primates have contributed si ...
Domain-general mechanisms of complex working memory span
... (Smith et al., 2001), and forced-choice recognition (Kondo et al., 2004; Osaka et al., 2004). Also, the studies that did require recall did not analyze the data from the recall period. Despite these differences in methodology, some consistencies have emerged. One universal finding is increased activi ...
... (Smith et al., 2001), and forced-choice recognition (Kondo et al., 2004; Osaka et al., 2004). Also, the studies that did require recall did not analyze the data from the recall period. Despite these differences in methodology, some consistencies have emerged. One universal finding is increased activi ...
The contribution of sleep to hippocampus
... the importance of sleep for memory consolidation and brain plasticity [1–4]. Eventually memory consolidation could turn out to be the essential function that explains the loss of consciousness during sleep, because the brain uses the same limited neuronal network capacities for the immediate process ...
... the importance of sleep for memory consolidation and brain plasticity [1–4]. Eventually memory consolidation could turn out to be the essential function that explains the loss of consciousness during sleep, because the brain uses the same limited neuronal network capacities for the immediate process ...
Blockade of Central Cholinergic Receptors Impairs New Learning
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
Blockade of Central Cholinergic Receptors Impairs New Learning and
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
... span (Beatty et al., 1986; Drachman, 1978) are also spared. Recently, studies have shown that scopolamine may impact recognition memory processes by affecting both recollection and familiarity (Mintzer & Griffiths, 2001, 2003; Sherman, Atri, Hasselmo, Stern, & Howard, 2003). These studies suggest th ...
remembering familiar people: the posterior cingulate cortex and
... al., 1999). The ¢ndings from these studies have been very inconsistent. However, one cortical region, the posterior cingulate cortex, was observed to be signi¢cantly activated in three of the studies. In each of these studies, the caudal part of the posterior cingulate cortex, posterior to the splen ...
... al., 1999). The ¢ndings from these studies have been very inconsistent. However, one cortical region, the posterior cingulate cortex, was observed to be signi¢cantly activated in three of the studies. In each of these studies, the caudal part of the posterior cingulate cortex, posterior to the splen ...
Matlin, Cognition, 7e, Chapter 8: General Knowledge
... • can account for typicality effect, but research does not support the idea that category membership is based on a list of necessary features • feature comparison model assumes that individual features are independent of one another, however many features are correlated • feature comparison model do ...
... • can account for typicality effect, but research does not support the idea that category membership is based on a list of necessary features • feature comparison model assumes that individual features are independent of one another, however many features are correlated • feature comparison model do ...
The Three Amnesias - University of Florida College of Public Health
... classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, and is more closely related to cortex of archicortical derivation (Pandya & Yeterian 1990). Thus, the amygdal ...
... classified as one of the basal ganglia. The amygdala is more closely related to limbic and neocortical regions that are of paleocortical derivation, whereas the hippocampus is archicortical, and is more closely related to cortex of archicortical derivation (Pandya & Yeterian 1990). Thus, the amygdal ...
On the nature of medial temporal lobe contributions to the
... to recall the last few words in a sentence, or the remote past, as when we recall our childhood experiences. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that predicting the future and remembering the past may be more closely related than everyday experience might suggest. For example, errors in pred ...
... to recall the last few words in a sentence, or the remote past, as when we recall our childhood experiences. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that predicting the future and remembering the past may be more closely related than everyday experience might suggest. For example, errors in pred ...
Identification of a Functional Connectome for Long
... network organization at a global level. Accordingly, we categorized our 84 regions into major brain subdivisions (e.g., neocortex, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebral nuclei; Table S1) and asked whether connection strength between these major subdivisions differed at the 1 day and 36 day time-points (se ...
... network organization at a global level. Accordingly, we categorized our 84 regions into major brain subdivisions (e.g., neocortex, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebral nuclei; Table S1) and asked whether connection strength between these major subdivisions differed at the 1 day and 36 day time-points (se ...
in search of memory traces
... The “earliest” conditioned brain responses (i.e., those appearing with the shortest latencies after application of the CS) might thus be considered to be “at the site” of conditioning, and other later conditioned brain responses might be considered to be secondary to them. Similarly (and hopefully v ...
... The “earliest” conditioned brain responses (i.e., those appearing with the shortest latencies after application of the CS) might thus be considered to be “at the site” of conditioning, and other later conditioned brain responses might be considered to be secondary to them. Similarly (and hopefully v ...
Encoding and Retrieval of Episodic Memories: Role of Hippocampus
... These effects of cholinergic activation of muscarinic receptors are assumed to be blocked by systemic administration of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine. Thus, in simulating the effects of scopolamine, the cellular effects of acetylcholine are reduced in magnitude within the model. The ...
... These effects of cholinergic activation of muscarinic receptors are assumed to be blocked by systemic administration of the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine. Thus, in simulating the effects of scopolamine, the cellular effects of acetylcholine are reduced in magnitude within the model. The ...
Frontal Lobes and Memory - University of California, Berkeley
... memory for related vs. unrelated lists. Related lists consist of several exemplars (e.g. table, chair, uncle, mother) from different semantic categories (e.g. furniture, relatives), usually presented in a random order. In normal controls, recall for related lists is superior, because semantic associ ...
... memory for related vs. unrelated lists. Related lists consist of several exemplars (e.g. table, chair, uncle, mother) from different semantic categories (e.g. furniture, relatives), usually presented in a random order. In normal controls, recall for related lists is superior, because semantic associ ...
Hippocampal Amnesia - Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience
... and WH, LM, Table 2) identified as having hippocampal damage using the MRI method described in Squire et al. (1990), two cases (WH and LM) have had autopsies, and both also had entorhinal damage (Rempel-Clower et al., 1996). Based on evidence from patients with selective hippocampal lesions (RB and ...
... and WH, LM, Table 2) identified as having hippocampal damage using the MRI method described in Squire et al. (1990), two cases (WH and LM) have had autopsies, and both also had entorhinal damage (Rempel-Clower et al., 1996). Based on evidence from patients with selective hippocampal lesions (RB and ...
Effect of Negative Emotional Content on Working Memory and Long
... emotional stimuli could result in an enhanced likelihood of processing emotional, as compared with nonemotional, information in working memory. The prioritized or relatively automatic processing of emotional content could also facilitate the holding online of emotional information as compared with n ...
... emotional stimuli could result in an enhanced likelihood of processing emotional, as compared with nonemotional, information in working memory. The prioritized or relatively automatic processing of emotional content could also facilitate the holding online of emotional information as compared with n ...
Consolidation
... learning and memory have not found it to be a useful construct (Weingartner and Parker review this position while arguing against it (1984)). This dissertation will take exactly the opposite position, presenting a model of consolidation based on a radically different perspective. The claim is that c ...
... learning and memory have not found it to be a useful construct (Weingartner and Parker review this position while arguing against it (1984)). This dissertation will take exactly the opposite position, presenting a model of consolidation based on a radically different perspective. The claim is that c ...
The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an
... recent study of the effects of parietal lobe damage on autobiographical memory and episodic memory supports this34. Patients with parietal lesions that were mostly in the VPC (FIG. 2a), along with matched controls, were required to recollect various autobiographical memories. In the first phase, the ...
... recent study of the effects of parietal lobe damage on autobiographical memory and episodic memory supports this34. Patients with parietal lesions that were mostly in the VPC (FIG. 2a), along with matched controls, were required to recollect various autobiographical memories. In the first phase, the ...
Episodic autobiographical memories over the course of time
... is defined by a sense of self in time and the mental reliving of subjective experiences arising from the encoding context. Hence, based on a combination of self, autonoetic consciousness and subjectively sensed time, episodic memory makes it possible to travel mentally through subjective time, from p ...
... is defined by a sense of self in time and the mental reliving of subjective experiences arising from the encoding context. Hence, based on a combination of self, autonoetic consciousness and subjectively sensed time, episodic memory makes it possible to travel mentally through subjective time, from p ...
Brain and effort: brain activation and effort-related working
... KLS but not in healthy participants. The altered brain activation pattern in KLS patients was accompanied by lower performance levels and longer reaction times. In addition to functional differences between KLS and controls, we have also observed that the level of activation differs between individu ...
... KLS but not in healthy participants. The altered brain activation pattern in KLS patients was accompanied by lower performance levels and longer reaction times. In addition to functional differences between KLS and controls, we have also observed that the level of activation differs between individu ...
Eyewitness memory (child testimony)
An eyewitness testimony is a statement given under oath by a person present at an event who can describe what happened. During circumstances in which a child is a witness to the event, the child can be used to deliver a testimony on the stand. The credibility of a child, however, is often questioned due to their underdeveloped memory capacity and overall brain physiology. Researchers found that eyewitness memory requires high-order memory capacity even for well-developed adult brain. Because a child's brain is not yet fully developed, each child witness must be assessed by the proper authorities to determine their reliability as a witness and whether or not they are mature enough to accurately recall the event, provide important details and withstand leading questions.