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... and therefore a timber frame is needed to hold it in place. This can be achieved in one of two ways, either by process known as tamping down between shutter boards or by a spray- on application where the product is sprayed onto formwork which maybe permanent or temporary according to the design and ...
NCHRP 25-25/Task 72 - Transportation Research Board
NCHRP 25-25/Task 72 - Transportation Research Board

... that address construction vibration impacts on historic buildings adjacent to roadway construction projects. The goal of this compilation is to help historic preservation resource agencies and organizations, departments of transportation (DOTs), and the public understand the technical aspects of vib ...
FAIRFAX COUNTY, VIRGINIA SPECIAL INSPECTIONS PROGRAM – 2012 Edition (2012-SIP)
FAIRFAX COUNTY, VIRGINIA SPECIAL INSPECTIONS PROGRAM – 2012 Edition (2012-SIP)

... This document is also available on the Fairfax County website: www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
View/Open - Minerva Access

... structural analysis, the bending moment and shear force distributed in the structural components, such as columns, change accordingly. These changes are related to their relevant locations to the specific non-structural components. The damage level of different non-structural components was also ass ...
nehrp commentary on the guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of
nehrp commentary on the guidelines for the seismic rehabilitation of

... the Guidelines documents to review by potential users of the ultimate product. The two earlier workshops provided for review of the overall project structure and for detailed review of the 50-percent-complete draft. The last workshop was held in December 1995 when the Guidelines documents were 75 pe ...
Identification of materials used in Technology of Interior
Identification of materials used in Technology of Interior

... are effective fairly rapidly, allow to perform building works quickly and easily, produce building elements of different sizes, create any shapes. Their advantages include white color, possibility of obtaining smooth surfaces and decorative patterns. Gypsum materials are light, characterized by good ...
Thermal Envelope Performance
Thermal Envelope Performance

... levels of thermal insulation or inappropriate glazing systems, other cases occur because of discontinuities in the envelope insulation and air barrier systems, such as thermal bridges, compressed insulation and air leakage sites. These discontinuities result from designs that do not adequately accou ...
cracks in building - rdso
cracks in building - rdso

... Keeping above in view, in the subsequent chapters the various precautions and the preventive measures for mitigating the non-structural cracks, or containing them in less damaging fine cracks has been enumerated in detail. ...
Introduction to Earthquake Engineering and Seismic Codes
Introduction to Earthquake Engineering and Seismic Codes

... 1.2 Behavior of Buildings during Earthquakes 1) Vibration of Buildings and Seismic Forces Earthquake ground motions are complicated, but the motion of buildings are relatively simple. Fig.1.11 shows acceleration time histories of the 30 seconds recorded in the 1978 Miyagikenoki Earthquake at a 9 sto ...
Cobblestone Buildings
Cobblestone Buildings

... to maintain. The building material—the cobblestones—was free, and could be rather easily gathered from plowed fields or brought home in oxcarts after delivering wheat to ports such as Sodus for shipment.24 The stone-gathering task was the responsibility of the future homeowner. Often boys were paid ...
Sustainable refurbishment of exterior walls and building facades
Sustainable refurbishment of exterior walls and building facades

... heating demand can be studied with a dynamic simulation. It is however possible to estimate roughly the effect of the insulation on the heating demand with simple stationary calculation techniques such as the heating degree day method, this gives an upper limit value on the possible energy saving. T ...
here - New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering Inc.
here - New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering Inc.

... Foreword The Building Act 2004 extends the previous definition of the range of buildings that could be earthquake-prone. All but small residential buildings are now covered by the new definition. Territorial Authorities have been required by the Act to adopt policies on earthquakeprone buildings. Mo ...
Section 1 - New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering Inc.
Section 1 - New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering Inc.

... Assessment of the structural performance of e xisting buildings is a challenging task. Each building has unique charact eristics and it is often difficult to determine with confidence the extent and quality of structural components and materials. These NZSEE Recommendations provide authoritative and ...
public
public

... excavations in London clay. The Norwegian Geotechnical Institute have published a number of case histories of excavations in soft clay in the Oslo area (e.g. Karlsrud & Myrvoll (1976)). For well supported excavations in stiff clays Peck's settlement envelopes are generally very conservative as settl ...
Advances in Thermal Insulation - Vacuum Insulation Panels
Advances in Thermal Insulation - Vacuum Insulation Panels

... efficiency ranges from below 50% for a wood stud wall poorly designed with incorporated VIP, while an optimized design with VIP placed in an uninterrupted external layer shows an efficiency of 99%, almost perfect. Thermal insulation efficiency reflects the measured wall performance full scale test, ...
Current Practices and Future Potential in Modern Methods of
Current Practices and Future Potential in Modern Methods of

... Table 4: Selected Key Types of MMC – Market Size and Construction Applications ....................................12 Table 5: Key Types of MMC by Main End User Sectors...........................................................................14 Table 6: Summary of Potential of Key Types of MMC for ...
Field Manual for post-earthquake damage and safety assessment
Field Manual for post-earthquake damage and safety assessment

... Earthquake and landslide risk is a public safety issue that requires appropriate mitigation measures and means to protect citizens, property, infrastructure and the built cultural heritage. The LESSLOSS project (Risk Mitigation for Earthquakes and Landslides) addresses natural disasters, risk and im ...
GEM Building Taxonomy Version 2.0
GEM Building Taxonomy Version 2.0

... The GEM Building Taxonomy was independently evaluated and tested by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI), which received 217 TaxT reports from 49 countries, representing a wide range of building typologies, including single and multi-storey buildings, reinforced and unreinforced maso ...
reducing vulnerability of buildings to flood damage
reducing vulnerability of buildings to flood damage

report
report

... this Project are the many kinds of construction in which there are one or more timber components, but which cannot be described as having a timber structural system, e.g., the roof of a typical concrete tilt-up building). In contrast to steel, masonry, and concrete construction, woodframe constructi ...
3–8 Storey Modular Element Buildings
3–8 Storey Modular Element Buildings

... 4.1 Structural components of the modular system ................................................................ 18 4.2 Manufacturing process of the modular elements ............................................................ 19 4.3 Principles of building acoustics .............................. ...
Journal of Building Enclosure Design (JBED)
Journal of Building Enclosure Design (JBED)

... with pride as BETEC and the Building Enclosure Council have grown under the extraordinary and tireless leadership of Wagdy Anis. Contributions by BETEC and BEC to the positive improvements in building enclosure design and delivery are unsung, but non-theless appreciated, albeit anonymously, by all w ...
White Book - C02 - Technical performance
White Book - C02 - Technical performance

... engineering appraisal where the thermal bow and strength loss of the steel studs are taken into account. This means that the same partition may have different quoted heights at different fire resistance durations. The only alternative to using an engineering appraisal is to conduct a test at the hei ...
10th International Conference on Geosynthetics, Berlin
10th International Conference on Geosynthetics, Berlin

... Remark - To the listed construction width it should be noted that some construction methods uses permanent or temporary anchor systems for wall support and economic design (method 1, 4 and 5). The spatial use of the underground anchor system is not included in the illustrated construction width. ...
A thing of beauty - City of Jersey City
A thing of beauty - City of Jersey City

... 1945 when this was Jersey City’s most fashionable streetcar suburb and home to many of the city’s and state’s political and professional elite. Of the buildings identified as contributing, over 80% are identified as having been constructed between 1880 and 1920. Fewer than ten contributing buildings ...
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Earthbag construction

Earthbag construction is an inexpensive method to create structures which are both strong and can be quickly built. It is a natural building technique that evolved from historic military bunker construction techniques and temporary flood-control dike building methods. The technique requires very basic construction materials: sturdy sacks, filled with inorganic material usually available on site. Standard earthbag fill material has internal stability. Either moist subsoil that contains enough clay to become cohesive when tamped, or an angular gravel or crushed volcanic rock is used. (Sandbag structures with sand fills are an alternative technology and require very different construction details). Walls are gradually built up by laying the bags in courses — forming a staggered pattern similar to bricklaying.The walls can be curved or straight, domed with earth or topped with conventional roofs. Curved walls provide good lateral stability, forming round rooms and/ or domed ceilings like an igloo. Buildings with straight walls longer than 5 m (16.4 ft) in length need either intersecting walls or bracing buttresses or piers added. International standards exist for bracing wall size and spacing for earthen construction in different types of seismic risk areas, most notably the performance-based standards of New Zealand recommended by the ASTM International in their Standard Guide for Design of Earthen Wall Building Systems E2392 / E2392M – 10e1). Until more complete structural testing is available to correlate earthbag bracing need and performance to adobe, cement-stabilized buttresses and mortar anchors to hold barbed wire at stress points can be used for public buildings in high seismic risk areas.To improve both friction between each row of bags and finished wall tensile strength barbed wire is often placed between the courses. Twine is also sometimes wrapped around the bags to tie one course to the next, serving to hold the in-progress structure together and add strength. Rebar can easily be hammered into walls to strengthen corners and opening edges and provide more resistance against overturning. The structure is typically finished with plaster, stucco or adobe both to shed water and to prevent any degradation from solar radiation. This construction technique can be used for emergency shelters, temporary or permanent housing and barns. It is frequently chosen for many small-to-medium-sized institutional structures in the developing world.
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