Separable Phrasal Verbs
... consisting of verb + adverb or verb + preposition. Think of them as you would any other English vocabulary. Study them as you come across them, rather than trying to memorize many at once. Use the list below as a reference guide when you find an expression that you don't recognize. The examples will ...
... consisting of verb + adverb or verb + preposition. Think of them as you would any other English vocabulary. Study them as you come across them, rather than trying to memorize many at once. Use the list below as a reference guide when you find an expression that you don't recognize. The examples will ...
Principia Logico-Metaphysica (Draft/Excerpt)
... Consequently, this excerpt omits the Preface, Acknowledgments, Part I (Chapters 1-6), Part II/Chapters 15–16 (which are being reworked), Part III (which is mostly unwritten), and some Appendices in Part IV. The excerpt contains references to some of this omitted content. The work is ongoing and so t ...
... Consequently, this excerpt omits the Preface, Acknowledgments, Part I (Chapters 1-6), Part II/Chapters 15–16 (which are being reworked), Part III (which is mostly unwritten), and some Appendices in Part IV. The excerpt contains references to some of this omitted content. The work is ongoing and so t ...
Argumentation Mining: The Detection, Classification and Structure of
... protagonist’s argumentation is then seen as a complex whole made up of statements put forward to deal with real or anticipated critical reactions from an antagonist. According to the theory, there exists four different ways of putting forward statements for the argumentation. First, Simple Argumenta ...
... protagonist’s argumentation is then seen as a complex whole made up of statements put forward to deal with real or anticipated critical reactions from an antagonist. According to the theory, there exists four different ways of putting forward statements for the argumentation. First, Simple Argumenta ...
Lecture 12: Semantics and Pragmatics
... ➣ Language has many uses, only one of which is to convey information — but surely transferring information is important ➣ We can measure information in a limited, technical, and very useful, sense ➢ Think of a signal being transmitted from a source to a destination, possibly with noise in the channe ...
... ➣ Language has many uses, only one of which is to convey information — but surely transferring information is important ➣ We can measure information in a limited, technical, and very useful, sense ➢ Think of a signal being transmitted from a source to a destination, possibly with noise in the channe ...
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... Suermondt 1992).) Since we are interested in explanation in probabilistic systems, our focus is on proposals that seek a probabilistic connection between the explanation and the explanandum. In the philosophical literature, the focus has been on the probability of the explanandum given the explanati ...
... Suermondt 1992).) Since we are interested in explanation in probabilistic systems, our focus is on proposals that seek a probabilistic connection between the explanation and the explanandum. In the philosophical literature, the focus has been on the probability of the explanandum given the explanati ...
Inshallah: Extensive Flouting of Grice`s Maxim of Quality
... flouting the maxim of quality, threatening, wonder, yes/ok, prohibition, and wishing. Moreover, the study has found out that the utterances containing the expression inshallah will not give the same meaning after the removal of inshallah. And this can be considered another major contribution for the ...
... flouting the maxim of quality, threatening, wonder, yes/ok, prohibition, and wishing. Moreover, the study has found out that the utterances containing the expression inshallah will not give the same meaning after the removal of inshallah. And this can be considered another major contribution for the ...
Structuring information in discourse: the explicit/implicit
... (ii) Five case studies that are thematically, theoretically and/or methodologically related to one or more of the keynote papers listed in (i). These case studies also widen the perspective somewhat: one paper presenting a unified context-dependent semantics for the conjunct adverb doch (Elena K ...
... (ii) Five case studies that are thematically, theoretically and/or methodologically related to one or more of the keynote papers listed in (i). These case studies also widen the perspective somewhat: one paper presenting a unified context-dependent semantics for the conjunct adverb doch (Elena K ...
existence - Semantics Archive
... different existence predicates apply to different kinds of entities means that they have a particular lexical content applicable only to the particular sorts of objects they can apply to. The difference between exist and occur in particular indicates that exist and occur do not just locate entities ...
... different existence predicates apply to different kinds of entities means that they have a particular lexical content applicable only to the particular sorts of objects they can apply to. The difference between exist and occur in particular indicates that exist and occur do not just locate entities ...
Nietzsche`s Aesthetic Critique of Darwin Charles H. Pence
... negative. As Thomas Brobjer (2004, 22ff) persuasively argues, Nietzsche came to an interest in natural science relatively late in life, and we know that his study of scientific works, like all his reading, was hampered by his poor knowledge of foreign languages and his near-blindness. It seems all b ...
... negative. As Thomas Brobjer (2004, 22ff) persuasively argues, Nietzsche came to an interest in natural science relatively late in life, and we know that his study of scientific works, like all his reading, was hampered by his poor knowledge of foreign languages and his near-blindness. It seems all b ...
The semantics of existence
... this is right, then the fact that different existence predicates apply to different kinds of entities means that such predicates have a particular lexical content applicable only to the particular sorts of objects they accept. The difference between exist and occur in particular indicates that exist ...
... this is right, then the fact that different existence predicates apply to different kinds of entities means that such predicates have a particular lexical content applicable only to the particular sorts of objects they accept. The difference between exist and occur in particular indicates that exist ...
De Finetti and Savage on the normative relevance of imprecise
... SMITH (1965, 478) illustrated his viewpoint as follows: «if I am willing to bet 2 to 1 on sun against rain, and 1 to 4 on rain against sun, this means that I regard sun as between 2 and 4 times as probable as rain; and I do not need to be more precise than this». As a result the elicitation of proba ...
... SMITH (1965, 478) illustrated his viewpoint as follows: «if I am willing to bet 2 to 1 on sun against rain, and 1 to 4 on rain against sun, this means that I regard sun as between 2 and 4 times as probable as rain; and I do not need to be more precise than this». As a result the elicitation of proba ...
On the Semantics of Existence Predicates
... negative existence statements. The relevant sentences are entirely natural in the sense that they hardly sound like the expression of a philosophical view. These are examples: (4) a. Some people John mentioned do not exist. b. Some things John thought of do not exist. In (4a, b) the subject consists ...
... negative existence statements. The relevant sentences are entirely natural in the sense that they hardly sound like the expression of a philosophical view. These are examples: (4) a. Some people John mentioned do not exist. b. Some things John thought of do not exist. In (4a, b) the subject consists ...
Existence - Semantics Archive
... In (4a, b) the subject consists of a definite description formed, crucially, with an intentional verb, such as mention or think of. Such verbs appear to take intentional ‘nonexistent’ objects as arguments when the intentional act they describe is not successful, and these entities appear to be the o ...
... In (4a, b) the subject consists of a definite description formed, crucially, with an intentional verb, such as mention or think of. Such verbs appear to take intentional ‘nonexistent’ objects as arguments when the intentional act they describe is not successful, and these entities appear to be the o ...
specificational
... Groenendijk / Stokhof (1982) actually distinguish between extensional and intensional questions: extensional questions are functions from possible worlds to the one true answer, intensional questions are functions from possible worlds to possible answers. I will later argue that questions in an inte ...
... Groenendijk / Stokhof (1982) actually distinguish between extensional and intensional questions: extensional questions are functions from possible worlds to the one true answer, intensional questions are functions from possible worlds to possible answers. I will later argue that questions in an inte ...
Compositionality Part 1: Basic ideas and definitions
... Compositionality is not vague or mysterious We will establish the following: Given a language L with a ‘reasonable’ syntax that identifies parts of complex expressions, and given an assignment µ of semantic values (‘meanings’) to expressions, the question whether µ is compositional or not is not vag ...
... Compositionality is not vague or mysterious We will establish the following: Given a language L with a ‘reasonable’ syntax that identifies parts of complex expressions, and given an assignment µ of semantic values (‘meanings’) to expressions, the question whether µ is compositional or not is not vag ...
The Selfish Law: A Memetic Study Of The Transition
... Memetics is not dualistic and fully incorporates an embodied understanding of culture. There is no separation of culture from biological actors in the sense that cultural units act on their own, but the relation of culture to people is a bit more nuanced than how this relation is often presented by ...
... Memetics is not dualistic and fully incorporates an embodied understanding of culture. There is no separation of culture from biological actors in the sense that cultural units act on their own, but the relation of culture to people is a bit more nuanced than how this relation is often presented by ...
Continued misinterpretation of confidence intervals
... are in common use” (Miller & Ulrich, 2015, p. XX); hence, they argue that our conclusion does not follow. In this response to MU, we address two related questions: first, are MU correct that some of the statements in HMRW could be considered correct by a mere reinterpretation of the wording? Second, ...
... are in common use” (Miller & Ulrich, 2015, p. XX); hence, they argue that our conclusion does not follow. In this response to MU, we address two related questions: first, are MU correct that some of the statements in HMRW could be considered correct by a mere reinterpretation of the wording? Second, ...
William of Ockham - Paul Vincent Spade`s Home Page
... (2) For since the actions of a wise [man] toward another [person] are two, “not to lie about what he knows, and to be able to show up a liar”, as is written in the Sophistic Refutations,5 but this cannot come about without distinguishing the true from the false, which only this [logical] method does ...
... (2) For since the actions of a wise [man] toward another [person] are two, “not to lie about what he knows, and to be able to show up a liar”, as is written in the Sophistic Refutations,5 but this cannot come about without distinguishing the true from the false, which only this [logical] method does ...
CHAPTER 1 0 Deductive Reasoning
... Implying with probability is the vaguer notion. Implying with probability admits of degrees. The probability usually cannot be measured with a number (the fancy phrase is ―cannot be quantified‖) but instead can only be measured as high, low, very high, and so forth. However, in those rare cases when ...
... Implying with probability is the vaguer notion. Implying with probability admits of degrees. The probability usually cannot be measured with a number (the fancy phrase is ―cannot be quantified‖) but instead can only be measured as high, low, very high, and so forth. However, in those rare cases when ...
ISSN 2354-6948 A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH
... Preposition have been called the biggest little words in English. They are usually quite short and insignificant looking, but they have very important functions. Preposition are always followed by nouns (or pronoun). They are connective words that show the relationship between the nouns following th ...
... Preposition have been called the biggest little words in English. They are usually quite short and insignificant looking, but they have very important functions. Preposition are always followed by nouns (or pronoun). They are connective words that show the relationship between the nouns following th ...
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... Hopkins [2001] have shown that actual causes are always single conjuncts. As we shall see, this is not the case for explanations. Returning to Example 2.1, note that ML1 = 1 is an actual cause of FB = 1 in both the conjunctive and the disjunctive scenarios. This should be clear in the conjunctive sc ...
... Hopkins [2001] have shown that actual causes are always single conjuncts. As we shall see, this is not the case for explanations. Returning to Example 2.1, note that ML1 = 1 is an actual cause of FB = 1 in both the conjunctive and the disjunctive scenarios. This should be clear in the conjunctive sc ...
Full Text - Institute for Logic, Language and Computation
... The principle of compositionality is a well-known issue in philosophy of language, in particular it is the fundamental principle of Montague Grammar. The discussions in philosophy of language will be reviewed in several sections of this chapter. In linguistics the principle was put forward by Katz a ...
... The principle of compositionality is a well-known issue in philosophy of language, in particular it is the fundamental principle of Montague Grammar. The discussions in philosophy of language will be reviewed in several sections of this chapter. In linguistics the principle was put forward by Katz a ...
Quine, Wyman, Buridan - Fordham University Faculty
... In fact, Buridan would distinguish not only between meaning and naming, or in his terminology, between signification and supposition, but even between two different sorts of signification, namely, immediate and ultimate signification, and, correspondingly, between two different sorts of supposition, ...
... In fact, Buridan would distinguish not only between meaning and naming, or in his terminology, between signification and supposition, but even between two different sorts of signification, namely, immediate and ultimate signification, and, correspondingly, between two different sorts of supposition, ...
University of Groningen Data-driven identification of fixed
... a more common concept in the literature (Fernando and Flavell, 1981; Nunberg et al., 1994). A non-transparent meaning is the manifestation of opacity. Thus, the more opaque the meaning of a fixed expression is, the more unpredictable it is. Fernando and Flavell (1981) compared the semantic unpredict ...
... a more common concept in the literature (Fernando and Flavell, 1981; Nunberg et al., 1994). A non-transparent meaning is the manifestation of opacity. Thus, the more opaque the meaning of a fixed expression is, the more unpredictable it is. Fernando and Flavell (1981) compared the semantic unpredict ...
